Denis Sheshko

The latest data from the Office for National Statistics seems to show that happiness is rising across the country - but is it better where you live? You can explore the regional trends for happiness, life satisfaction and anxiety using this interactive.

Reuben Fischer-Baum looks at the most popular girl names by state, over the past six decades.

Baby naming generally follows a consistent cycle: A name springs up in some region of the U.S.—"Ashley" in the South, "Emily" in the Northeast—sweeps over the country, and falls out of favor nearly as quickly. The big exception to these baby booms and busts is "Jennifer", which absolutely dominates America for a decade-and-a-half. If you're named Jennifer and you were born between 1970 and 1984, don't worry! I'm sure you have a totally cool, unique middle name.

Like the trendy names and unisex names explorations, this series of maps is based on data from the Social Security Administration, which is surprisingly formatted and ready to use. If you're looking to play around with time series data and simple state geography, the SSA site is worth a bookmark. [Thanks, John]

Long-term unemployment increasingly plagues Europe and America

MORE than a third of unemployed people in rich countries have been out of work for over a year. Since the financial crisis began the number of long-term unemployed people has doubled to almost 17m, according to data from the OECD, a think-tank. In Spain a staggering 3m people have been out of work for more than 12 months, about the same number as in America, whose labour force is considerably larger. The problem can be self-sustaining. Skills deteriorate when they are not used; the jobless become discouraged and employers are less inclined to hire them. Yet a few European countries have seen a decline in long-term joblessness. In Germany, an economic recovery and labour-market reforms means that there are almost 1m fewer people out of work now than at the end of 2007. And Switzerland, where the jobless rate barely edged above 4%, found work for those lingering on the dole. For most OECD countries, however, the high and growing proportion of long-term unemployed is a threat to their economic growth.

The Department of Health has conducted an audit to put a figure on how much health tourism costs the NHS. We look at how they've calculated their costs to see if £2bn seems right.

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After endless questions, consultations and media interviews on the topic, the government has finally given a clear estimate of how much health tourism costs the national health service by publishing five reports totalling over 500 pages. Here, we'll present you with a digested version of their findings and highlight any potential gaps in their anlaysis.

A round-up

First off, the £2bn figure being cited on Monday might be a memorable number but it's also rather higher than the government is claiming. The report says:

"We think that this probably in the range £1.5bn to £1.9bn." (sic)

That's also a long way off the rough estimate the health secretary, Jeremy Hunt, gave in July, when the audit was launched. Back then, the lower estimate given was just £12m – 167 times lower than today's figures.

The reason for that is a leap in the definition of "health tourist". The £12m figure comes from NHS data on how much it spent on treating foreign nationals in 2011/12 (which was £33m) and the money it was able to claim back from those individuals. The remaining figure of £11.5m was unpaid charges that the NHS had to write off.

But Monday's report takes a very different approach. It identifies three very different groups who might make use of the NHS. They are:
1. regular visitors and non-permanent residents
2. irregular migrants
3. so-called "health tourists"

Each of those groups poses specific challenges when it comes to estimating their burden on the NHS – and indeed the state more broadly.

The first group, defined as "non-permanent residents", accounts for £1.4bn of the final c£1.8bn estimate. They are, as the study recognises, "mostly in the country to work or study". Let's set aside the possible advantages to the taxpayer of that work. On a daily basis, there are around 2 million of them. A quarter of that group are from the European Economic Area. So let's also set aside the fact that British nationals are entitled to reduced or free healthcare when they are "regular visitors" or "non-permanent residents" in those countries.

Already, a picture is emerging of how these clear calculations might obscure some more complex ones. But let's look at those other two groups.

"Irregular" is a slightly confusing term in migration speak - here, it includes failed asylum seekers (FASs), over-stayers and illegal migrants. Automatically, one might assume that is a group that might be reluctant to present themselves at a doctor's surgery. But in any case, as Monday's report admits, estimating the number of these individuals is "very uncertain and based on historical population estimates, constrained by the lack of detailed up-to-date statistics from the Home Office" (emphasis not added).

Nevertheless, the report estimates that there are 580,000 of those individuals, each of whom costs the NHS £570 a year, meaning that as a group they cost the system £0.3bn.

Finally, there are the "health tourists" – an ambiguous term we attempted to unpick back in July. Monday's report identifies two groups that make up health tourists: people who have travelled with a deliberate intention to obtain free healthcare to which they are not entitled; and frequent visitors registered with GPs who "take advantage" of routine treatment.

The report estimates that together, those two groups of "health tourists" cost the NHS between £70m and £300m. That's the real headline figure that we'll be looking at today. And perhaps unsurprisingly, it's considerably closer to £12m than it is £2bn.

We've only just begun to look at the real figures here. There's a multitude of other factors - from the public health consequences of not treating some individuals in the UK to how much it would cost to overhaul the system to charge some individuals - which we will be looking at throughout the day. In the meantime, tell us what you think about "health tourism" below, and point us in the direction of any other useful data.

UPDATE 12.47pm: Copious caveats

Many journalists might miss them, so it's highly unlikely that members of the public who are concerned about the NHS will get through the 99 footnotes that litter today's main report. But they're well worth a read. Here are some of them:

6 § - Unable to estimate

That refers to the number of health tourists who take advantage of the NHS. It might seem strange that the report's authors were able to quantify the cost of these individuals without knowing how many of them there are. But that's something they acknowledge when they say "empirical knowledge on the magnitude and effect of health tourism is lacking".

Here's another footnote worth reading:

28 George et al

Because George et al are the authors of one of the most comprehensive reports so far on the consumption habits of migrants in health and education. It found that migrants aren't quite the drain on the system that the term "health tourism" might lead some to assume. It's worth sharing a few sentences of their findings:

Starting with all migrants, whatever their date of arrival (and therefore including those who arrived from Europe around World War II and from the Commonwealth during the 1950s and 1960s and their dependent children), total healthcare expenditure in 2009/10 was £12.6bn. This was 10.8% of total healthcare spending, whereas this group accounts for 13% of the population...
Around a third of expenditure on healthcare for migrants and their families (£4.2 billion) is accounted for by those who have migrated in the last ten years. This group accounts for 3.6 per cent of expenditure and 5.3 per cent of the population.

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Peter J. Rentfrow, et al. studied personality clusters across states using data from five surveys, totaling responses from about 1.6 million people. They recently published their results in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology [pdf].

There is overwhelming evidence for regional variation across the United States on a range of key political, economic, social, and health indicators. However, a substantial body of research suggests that activities in each of these domains are typically influenced by psychological variables, raising the possibility that psychological forces might be the mediating or causal factors responsible for regional variation in key indicators.

They found three main clusters, mapped above: friendly and conventional, relaxed and creative, and temperamental and uninhibited.

The maps suggest that states belong only to specific clusters, but I suspect it's a more continuous scale. For instance, a state might be partially part of cluster 1 and 2, not really 3, as opposed to just cluster 1. Still though, it's an interesting start. Now if only the data they used were more easily accessible.

The third attack took place at the Manchester Science Park in Lloyd Street North at about 14:15 BST on 5 October.

A 32-year-old woman was using her mobile phone when she was approached by two young boys.

She was sexually assaulted by one of the boys, who was described as being slim, Asian, wearing baggy trousers and carrying a rucksack, and aged about 12 or 13 years old.

She pushed him away but he sexually assaulted her again before running off towards Pencroft Way with the second young boy, who was also described as being Asian.

Это, к слову, прямо на нашем кампусе, в двух шагах от Oxford Rd, главной артерии города. Среди бела дня. "Мальчики развлекались". (Я так понимаю, эту несчастную женщину мелкие подонки пощупали за интимные места.)

Разгадка простая: университет находится не в центре Манчестера, а чуть в стороне от центра. А "чуть в стороне" по здешним понятиям - это уже т.н. inner city, т.е. такие ублюдочные районы, которые может спасти только ковровая бомбардировка. Туда реально лучше не ходить, даже днем.

Хреновые новости для универа, короче. Эта новость обязательно попадет на радар абитуриентов, с которых нынче дерут такие деньги, что они имеют полное право требовать от города и руководства универа гарантий полной безопасности. А какие тут гарантии, когда этот сброд свободно шатается по кампусу? Рядом с нашим зданием даже специально сделали проход, когда его строили, "по требованию местных жителей". Так что время от времени эти обезьяны встают рядом с нашими окнами, где мы читаем лекции, и начинают делать "гы", ебаные животные.

God, I hate this town.

На днях я, кажется, приблизилась к разгадке, почему наш мэр, вроде бы известный своей любовью к сокращению бюджетных расходов , так популярен в самых бедных районах Торонта, у людей от этого самого бюджеты зависящих.
Вот представьте, разгар рутинного рабочего дня в офисе, управляющем социальным жильем. Ничто, как гррится, не предвещает, но тут распахнулась дверь, я подняла глаза на входящего и... Моя коллега, находилась ближе к входу, поэтому приняла удар на себя. «Почему эта заявка на ремонт не выполняется уже несколько дней?!» - без всяких предисловий начал вошедший, гневно потрясая листочком бумаги в руке. На что моя 45-летняя коллега ямайско-сирийского происхождения, рожденная в Лондоне, но с двух лет живущая в Торонто, невозмутимо спросила: «Ваше имя? Адрес?». «Роб Форд, такой-то такой-то адрес». «Форд? Такого имени нет среди жильцов этого таунхауса. Я не в праве обсуждать с вами эту заявку», - так же невозмутимо продолжила она, взглянув в базу данных. Пока вошедший от удивления потерял дар речь, я успела подойти ближе и шепнуть коллеге: «Джеки, это же мэр Торонто!»
Слава богу, на шум из своего кабинета вышел наш менеждер. И мы пошли смотреть вызвавший столь сильный интерес мэра таунхауз. Нда, жилец его не зря нам несколько раз говорил: «Я 27 лет там живу, ренту платил, но своими проблемами вас не донимал». По-моему, там сейчас всё держится только на честном слове. Мэр даже не решился подняться на второй этаж, т.к. лестница под ним могла просто рухнуть. Взамен он захотел осмотреть задний двор. Тот был подстать всему внутренностям жилья: весь завален мусором и хламом.
Выслушав наши объяснения, что проблемы в доме, неремонтировавшемся 27 лет, за пару дней не исправить и сейчас его ждет капитальный ремонт, мэр все равно решил действовать. «Ок, ну тогда мы сейчас хотя бы задний двор очистим. Нельзя же в такой грязи жить!» - сказал он хозяйке этого жилья, подхватил стоявшую рядом корзину к каким-то прогнившим хламом и двинулся на выход. У всех наблюдавших за этим отпали челюсти и только наша tenant’ша не растерялась: «А куда это вы тащите?! Не надо тащить в мой дом эту грязь!» Так как с backyard’а можно было выйти только через дом, мэр 2,6-миллионного города на несколько секунд растерялся. Но тут же прикрикнул на свою свиту: «А вы что стоИте? Видите, сколько здесь работы еще?» Надо было видеть выражение лиц всех этих товарищей одетых с игорочки, в начищенных ботинках, представивших, что сейчас им придется вот_это_всё тащить на себе :-))) На их счастье, наш менеджер, крутой итальянский мэн, не позволяет никому устраивать спектаклей на своей территории. Со словами: «Стоп. Никто никуда ничего не тащит. Я сейчас позвоню подрядчику, занимающемуся уборкой территорри», - он спас дорогие костюмы от возможной стирки или даже выброса.
Мэр же все-таки дотащил «свой» хлам до мусорного контейнера под одобрительные взгляды повылезавших на шум жителей таун-комплекса. Потом он выслушал десяток-другой жалоб на жизнь от собравшихся, сделал несколько новых фотографий с парой-тройкой торговцев травкой – ждите, как говорится, продолжение серий разоблачений в Toronto Sun – и уехал.
Ни слова об этом визите не было ни в газетах, ни по ТВ. Как мне рассказали, наш мэр любит вот так вот без предупреждения, без сми навещать наши здания, которые находятся на территоррии его бывшего избирательного округа, стучать в дверь к людям, выслушивать их жалобы, давать им номер своего сотового на случай проблем. Судя по тому, сколько нам звонят из приемной мэра по поводу текущего крана или неподстриженного газона по тому или иному адресу, наши жильцы этот телефончик используют очень активно, и чуть что – грозят мне, что «вот сейчас ка-а-ак позвоню Форду, тебе же хуже будет» :-). Мэрское ли это дело , уделять полдня рабочего времени таким «мелочам», - не знаю, но избирателям его очень нравится :-)

Роберт Конквест, автор знаменитой книги "Большой террор", известен также так называемыми Законами Конквеста. Один из них можно сформулировать следующим образом: "Любая достаточно большая организация рано или поздно начинает вести себя так, как если бы у руля в ней стояли тайные агенты врагов этой организации".

Похоже, республиканская партия США перешла Порог Конквеста - ну или демократы в свое время действительно внедрили в нее своего агента, тайного канадского либерала Теда Круза.

Prisoners in the UK lost their appeal at the supreme court for their right to vote on Wednesday. Is Britain the only country to consider voting outside the sphere of fundamental human rights? Earlier this month, the House of Commons library published a paper that looked at prisoners voting rights in other countries and we've mapped their results.

The age that British women give birth has continued its four-decade upward trend. What is happening to motherhood elsewhere?

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The average age that British mothers give birth is now 29.8 years, an all-time high according to the latest data from the Office for National Statistics (ONS). But every year since 2003 has been an 'all-time high' as the average age of motherhood in the UK has continually risen since the 1970s.

There's a tendency to focus on the second half of this chart (the steady rise in the age of motherhood) and attribute it to female economic independence and improvements in family planning - but what about the first half?

The answer, according to a paper from parliament, lies partly with older women:

Fertility among women aged 40-44 peaked in 1947 at 19 births per thousand women in England and Wales. In 2010 the number was 13. In between, fertility among older women declined, reaching a low of four births per thousand women aged 40-44 in 1977.

That's not the only interesting trend in British motherhood which is hidden behind an average. Almost 34,000 babies were born to mothers aged under 20 in 2012, 4.7% of all babies. Of those, a small number were born to very young mothers - 162 by 14 year-olds and just 17 by mothers aged 13 and under. At the other end of the spectrum, just 212 babies were born to mothers aged 49 and over last year.

The average age of parenthood is slightly lower for those in legally recognised partnerships and there are also differs between men and women. The largest number of babies born outside of marriage/civil partnership had mothers aged 20-24 and fathers aged between 20 and 29. For babies born within marriages or civil partnerships, mothers were most likely to be aged 30-34 while fathers were most likely to be aged between 30 and 39.

International trends

The UK might have some of the oldest mothers in the world but it is not the only country to witness a steady rise in the age at which women give birth. In Germany in 1970 the average age of becoming a mum was 24 but by 2009 that had risen to 30. On average, in wealthy OECD countries, women are delaying motherhood four years later than they were in 1970.

Why does that matter? Because there is a correlation between average age of becoming a mother, number of children, employment, education and even women's rights. That doesn't necessarily imply causation (you can debate that in the comments below) but when we collected the data on the average number of children per woman (total fertility rate) and the number of years spent in school it was clear that as one fell, the other increased.

In the chart below, you can select specific countries the click the play button and watch what happens over time. Where the data is available, we've also included the average age of marriage.

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Mona Chalabi is teaching a Masterclass, Mastering spreadsheets: how to work with data, at the Guardian's London offices on 26-27 October. Learn more and book

Using newly released data from TFL's cycle traffic census, UCL Research Associate Oliver O'Brien has created an interactive map showing traffic flows on key routes in central London. See the routes on which cyclists outnumber car drivers

Pupil absenteeism in primary and secondary schools has risen for the first time in five years. The characteristics of those pupils as well as the reasons they've stated for not attending school point to possible explanations for the rise

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In the past year, pupils were absent from 5.3% of all school sessions. That is a significant rise since 2011/12 and has put an end to four consecutive years of decline in absenteeism.

There are two school sessions each day, in the morning and in the afternoon, at the start of which the register is taken. There are around 310 sessions in each school year.

The figures released today by the Department for Education show that the trend is consistent in both primary and secondary schools.

A significant proportion of pupils (6.5%) in secondary schools are classed as persistent absentees, having missed around 15% of all classes. In total, 310,580 primary and secondary school pupils were persistent absentees. On average, persistent absentees missed one in four of their classes.

In 2011, the government changed its definition of this "to deal with the reality of pupil absenteeism in schools" and reduced the threshold of this classification from 20% to 15%.

Reasons for absence
In 63% of absences, the reason cited was illness, while medical and dental appointments were given as the explanation for a further 6% of pupil absences. The third most likely reason given was "family holiday", which was the reason for 8% of absences from primary school and 3% of absences from secondary school.

A significant number of absences were unauthorised: 21% of those from secondary school and 15% from primary school. The Department for Education defines these as "absence without permission from a teacher or other authorised representative of the school. This includes all unexplained or unjustified absences [and] arriving late for school, after the register has closed." Illness, for example, is generally counted as an "authorised" absence.

Pupil characteristics
The new data may challenge some assumptions about which pupils tend to be missing from the classroom. Boys and girls have almost identical rates of absenteeism, and younger pupils in primary school tend to take more authorised days away from school than older primary school pupils - although older pupils are much more likely to take unauthorised absences.

Those with special educational needs have only a slightly higher overall absence rate (7.5%) than the average across primary and secondary schools (5.3%). Poverty appears to be a more powerful determinant of absenteeism – pupils who are eligible for free school meals are three times more likely to take an unauthorised absence from school than those who are not eligible.

Pupils from ethnic minorities have lower absentee rates than the average 5.3% (Chinese 3.1% absenteeism, black 3.8%, Asian 5%), while white pupils' absences were slightly higher than average at 5.4%. Exceptionally high rates were found among travellers of Irish heritage and Gypsy Roma (20.7% and 14.9% respectively) although the Department for Education cautions any over-reliance on interpreting these figures "due to potential under-reporting for these ethnic classifications".

Pupils whose first language isn't English are more likely to be absent in primary school, but less likely to be absent from secondary school (where they miss 4.9% of sessions compared to 6% for pupils whose first language is English).

Regional trends
Average absenteeism also masks some regional trends. At 4.9%, inner and outer London have the lowest pupil absence rates in the country while the north east of England tops the list with 5.6% of pupil absence. At a local authority level, the City of London has the lowest rate with 3.5%, while 6.4% of school sessions on the Isle of Wight were missed by pupils from either primary or secondary school in autumn 2012 or spring 2013.

Up, but after an all-time low

The Department for Education explained the figures on overall and persistent absence in 2011-12 were affected by extremely low levels of flu-like illness in schools along with the religious festival Eid falling out of term time. That means that this year's rise might be a smaller increase than it first appears.

For a full breakdown of all the trends see the link below.

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Mona Chalabi is teaching a Masterclass, Mastering spreadsheets: how to work with data, at the Guardian's London offices on 26-27 October. Learn more and book

Check out this awesome new thing called MAP. It's made of 100% sustainable material, easy to share, unbreakable, fits in your pocket, and most importantly, shares none of your information.

Pre-ordered.

James Hamblin for The Atlantic rendered the average American man based on BMI and compared him to the average man in other countries. Hamblin named the average man Todd.

Though in his face this reads lonesome, Todd does have three international guyfriends. They met at a convention for people with perfectly average bodies, where each won the award for most average body in their respective country: U.S., Japan, Netherlands, and France. The others' BMIs, based on data from each country's national health centers, are 23.7, 25.2, and 25.6.

I named them all Todd, actually, even though it could be confusing, because not everyone's name is a testament to their cultural heritage.

Впечатляет! Похоже на функцию распределения сингулярной меры. Ну или вообще на всё на свете, канторовская лестница такая лестница. У меня в недавней статье есть нечто похожее, причем там даже не про меры.



Если не сейчас, то когда-нибудь этот нарыв прорвется, конечно. "Будет весело".

Выходит новая книга Владимира Сорокина — роман «Теллурия», в котором описываются Европа и Россия середины XXI века, разделенные на множество небольших государств. Юрий Сапрыкин поговорил с писателем о мире «Теллурии», утопиях, нечеловеческой сущности Москвы и всеобщей тоске по Средне­вековью... Читать дальше

Digital artist Lauri Vanhala animated a day of maritime traffic in the Baltic Sea.

Here's a marine traffic and accident visualization that I created for the Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission. The video was shown last week in a conference where the ministers of environment in the region of Baltic Sea and a bunch of other professionals were discussing how to protect the vulnerable and polluted sea in the future.

The background music feels cinematic but not surprising given the audience. I particularly like the highlighting and annotation sync around the one-minute mark.

See also: Britain from Above and Netherlands from Above. Oldies but goodies.

A new study shows huge international variations in skills

HAVING spent years obsessing over pupils' performance in the OECD’s PISA study, which compares the literacy, numeracy and science skills of 15-year-olds in 22 developed countries, governments are now turning their attention to the highly variable skills of adults. New research from the OECD looks at adult literacy, numeracy and problem-solving skills. Almost a third of grown-ups in Italy, Spain and America showed a poor grasp of numbers, compared with one in eight in Finland and the Czech Republic, and less than one in ten in Japan. Worryingly, some university degrees turn out not to offer much advantage over good secondary-school qualifications. Those who completed school in Japan and the Netherlands but did not go on to higher education outperformed southern European graduates of the same age. See full article.

В первую неделю Второй Мировой британцы, следуя призыву правительства, усыпили 750,000 домашних животных.

А потом писали такие вот некрологи в газеты:

Happy memories of Iola, sweet faithful friend, given sleep September 4th 1939, to be saved suffering during the war. A short but happy life - 2 years, 12 weeks. Forgive us little pal.

Анимация строительной компании, которая будет достраивать известно что:



Поразило то ужасное фуфло, которое окружает собор. Я лично в Барселоне не был, так что в шоке. Хотя, если подумать, с чего бы? Городов, прилично выглядящих с воздуха, - раз-два, и обчелся, и уж от этих средиземноморских раздолбаев гармонии ждать не приходится. И ведь старинный город вроде как; где же старые кварталы? (объяснение в комментах)

Ну, Париж, конечно, рулит сверху. Здания эти хуисмановские не особо эстетичные, конечно (и жить в них адово, без лифта и с узкой лестницей), зато создают приятный для глаза эффект однородности. Смотреть и смотреть.

Питер? Эти кошмарные желтые стены питерских дворов видны отовсюду, совершенно отвратительные. А жаль - редкий город строится с нуля и по плану. Но увы, "ограничились фасадами".

Англосаксонские города отпадают сразу - там строят не по плану, а кто во что горазд, так что выходит каша, а не ансамбль.

На небольшие города вроде Зальцбурга посмотреть сверху приятно, но это не тот масштаб всё же.

Предложения?

Машину главы Всеволожского района Ленинградской области Александра Соболенко обстреляли в Санкт-Петербурге, сообщает 11 октября РИА Новости со ссылкой на источник в правоохранительных органах.

Нападение произошло в Курортном районе Петербурга. Водитель Александра Соболенко, который в сопровождении телохранителя приехал в ресторан, находился в машине на парковке, в то время как глава района с охранником вошли в ресторан. В это время к автомобилю подошли двое мужчин и три раза выстрелили из травматического пистолета в водителя.

По словам источника агентства, нападавшие попросили водителя передать Александру Соболенко, чтобы тот ушел с должности главы района.

Водитель получил непроникающие ранения груди и спины. Он находится в реанимации.

По факту нападения возбуждено уголовное дело по статье «хулиганство».

В марте, у Александра Соболенко прошли обыски. Главу района заподозрили в организации убийства главного архитектора Всеволожского района Ленинградской области Эдуарда Акопяна, который был застрелен 29 января.

Ранее, летом 2012 года, Соболенко обвинили в превышении должностных полномочий с применением силы. Как установило следствие, в апреле 2012 года глава района избил посетителей, которые пришли к нему по вопросу создания местного образования «Красная Горка». В результате травмы получили три человека.

#стабильность

Теперь и Маккартни выпускает новый альбом. Вот заглавная песня с него:



Увы, как и в случае с Боуи, вынужден констатировать: песня говно. Generic McCartney shit, компьютер такое может сочинить за три с половиной миллисекунды, причем лучше качеством. И альбом, уверен, тоже такой.

А ведь когда-то он писал вот такие, например, охуенные песни:



Мы вообще имеет несчастье жить в эпоху, когда многие великие музыканты 60х-70х уже адски старые, но вполне крепкие, за счет миллионов долларов и успехов современной пластической хирургии медицины.

Да и 80х тоже, если взять того же БГ. С поправкой на российские реалии, конечно.

И никто им не скажет, что это тот случай, когда лучше замолчать - ну или петь старые песни на концертах, ведь всё равно народ идет из-за них, а не из-за нового дерьма.

В общем, если кто не умер в 28, тот будет скрипеть еще долго, долго, долго. И хрен с ними.

In their continued efforts to help potential home buyers find out all they can about the neighborhoods they want to live in, Trulia added median listing prices to their set of local maps. In the zoomed out view, you get prices per county, at medium zoom it's per ZIP code, and zoomed in all the way it's per block. You can also see sale price and sale price per square foot.

With this, supplemented by crime data, commute, schools, and natural hazards, Trulia's maps are a required stop for home buyers.

Политические клинчи и заклины как непредвиденные последствия (довольно успешной) борьбы с партийной коррупцией за более демократичные внутрипартийные primaries. Поражение ворюг обернулось победой идеологов. Автор тоскует.

http://www.stratfor.com/weekly/roots-government-shutdown

A new report from Credit Suisse is not your usual 'rich list'. Amid a record high for average global wealth its figures reveal striking inequalities – such as 35% of Russia's riches in the hands of 110 people

Despite the continuing problems in the global economy, the ultra-rich have helped to push up average wealth in the world to an all-time high of US$51,600 per adult (£32,399). But what do those averages hide?

The data, published in a new report by Credit Suisse, also reveals the countries that have seen the biggest rises in wealth, and which are likely to in the future. Here are some of the main findings:

The wealthiest 32m people own more than the poorest 4.3bn put together

The idea of the world's wealthy 1% is still a powerful one – and graphics like the pyramid below demonstrate that stark contrast between the few and the many.

32m individuals (just 0.7% of the world's population) together hold US$98.7tn (or £62,000,0000,000,000, which represents 41% of global wealth).

At the other extreme, there are 3.2bn individuals at the bottom of the pyramid. Together they have 3% of global riches, despite representing 68.7% of the world population. But it might be surprising how little wealth an individual has to have to get out of that bottom tier and in with the top 33% of the world's population: US$10,000 is sufficient.

110 rich Russians

With just 110 individuals holding 35% of the country's riches, Russia has the highest level of wealth inequality in the world (with the exception of some small Caribbean nations that have resident billionaires). There's a stark contrast between that and the world average, where billionaires hold around 1-2% of wealth.

Globally, for every US$170bn in household wealth there is on average 1 billionaire. In Russia, there is just US$11bn in household wealth for every billionaire in the country.

Wealth can be fleeting

Fortunes can go down as well as up. Using the Forbes rich list, Credit Suisse caught up with individuals that had been classified as billionaires as far back as 2001, to see how many were still among the super-rich by 2013.

The financial crisis did very little to chance a consistent trend. In the first year after making it to the list of the top 100, around 33 individuals dropped out. By the time a decade had passed, more than 60 billionaires of the top 100 lost their status.

Europeans can lose wealth easier than Africans

The blues on the right-hand side of this graph show people who have increased their wealth over thirty years; the lighter the blue, the bigger the jump in wealth. The oranges and yellows on the other side indicate people who have slid down the wealth scale in their respective countries.

Globally, the graphic shows that on average almost half of individuals do not significantly change their wealth status over the course of their lifetimes, and change is the least likely in Africa. So you have more chance of losing wealth if you live in Europe than in Africa. But at the other extreme, there's also a much bigger chance individuals in Europe will move up the wealth scale too.

China has the world's highest level of wealth mobility. Almost 75% of the country has seen their wealth rise significantly in the past three decades.

By 2018, Poland will have seen the biggest rise in billionaires

But how will wealth change in the future? Credit Suisse predicts the number of millionaires for various countries by 2018. Globally, there will be a 50% rise in the number of millionaires in the next five years. Although the US will continue to top the list with the highest number of millionaires, in terms of percentage change, Poland's population will experience the biggest leap – with 89% more billionaires in 2018 than it had in 2013.

Libya has seen the biggest growth in household wealth

If the past year is anything to go by, individuals in any country can see their wealth radically change as a result of sometimes unexpected national events. In Libya, household wealth leapt by more than 60% between 2012 and 2013 while households in Egypt saw their wealth fall by over 10%.

Here's what wealth looks like today, click here to read the report and see the full-size images.

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Исполнители главных ­ролей в «Сталинграде» Федора Бондарчука — о том, чем женский взгляд на войну отличается от мужского, а русский — от немецкого... Читать дальше

Last year, URL shortening service bitly and Forbes made a map that showed popular news sources by state. However, the map was based on a static month of data, so what it showed then doesn't necessarily apply to now. Bitly took it a step further this year and shows media consumption in real-time.

They also categorized media sources into newspapers, tv and radio, magazines, and online only for a more detailed view. And to top it off, you can click on states to see a list of top sources, and you can see links driving traffic to the listed sites.

One key thing to keep in mind as you read the maps: They show disproportionality rather than raw counts. So when you see that Texas is a TMZ fiend, that doesn't mean they click more on the celebrity news site more than on Huffington Post. Rather, it means the relative volume of TMZ-clicking from Texas versus other states is higher versus the relative volume of Huffington Post-clicking.

When it comes to literacy, numeracy and basic problem-solving, which is the strongest labour market in the world?

Membership to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) means that a country has a high level of income and its economy is considered 'developed'. So you might also expect the adults in those countries to be the most highly skilled in the world. But a closer look at the list of members reveals that not all adults in wealthy countries have benefited from the technological revolution.

How do you measure skills?

This isn't like other international datasets - it isn't just a collection of the national numbers from each country. Instead, the OECD asked a group of experts to develop questionnaires so that they could go out and collect the data first-hand on adult skills.

All in all, 166 000 adults aged 16-65 were surveyed in 24 countries and sub-national regions using tests that ranged from 30 minutes to 50 minutes - in the vocabulary assessment, respondents had no time limit to answer the questions given to them. The results of those individuals were used to understand the skills of 724 million people.

Spain and Italy bottom of the class

Around 70% of adults in Italy and Spain only score level 2 or lower on the literacy assessment. Which of course poses the immediate question "what does level 2 mean?". Simply put, a score of level 2 means that an adult has demonstrated their ability to understand the information that is conveyed in a text which might require rewording or some basic inferences. We've produced the OECD's full definition of skills at each level below.

When it comes to numeracy, 70% of adults in Spain and Italy again fail to get the top grades. Just 1 in 20 adults in those countries managed to demonstrate the highest level of skills in numeracy and literacy. Meanwhile, adults in Japan demonstrate the highest skills in understanding written texts and numbers.

How does the younger generation's skills compare?

The UK is one of the only countries which the OECD looked at where average scores in literacy were lower among 16-24 year olds than they were for all adults aged 16-65. You can see how scores compare using the interactive chart below.

It's not all down to being tech-savvy though. When the OECD looked at the computer skills among 16-24 year-olds, it found that Japan had the second highest proportion of young people who had no computer experience at all.

Other key findings

• People aren't in the right jobs
About 21% of workers are over-qualified and 13% are under-qualified for their jobs.
• Shrinking talent pool
The UK and the US are specifically highlighted as countries where despite a more demanding labour market,improvements between younger and older generations are barely apparent.
• Education is critical, but it's not everything
Japanese and Dutch 25-34 year-olds who have only completed high school easily outperform Italian or Spanish university graduates of the same age.
• Work work work doesn't always work
People who engage their skills outside of work are more likely to demonstrate better numeracy and proficiency.
• Expiry date
Unused skills can quickly atrophy or become obsolete. So the OECD claims "unused skills represent a waste of skills and of initial investment in those skills".

We'll be updating this post throughout the day - in the meantime, have a look at the OECD report (warning, it's 466 pages so you might want to watch this video instead) and tell us what you'd like to see us analyse by posting a comment below.

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На прошлой неделе в прокат вышел наполовину игровой фильм «Metallica: Сквозь невозможное». «Афиша» попросила создателей Beat Film Festival Кирилла Сорокина и Алену Бочарову рассказать еще о девяти не уступающих художественному кино документальных фильмах про музыкантов... Читать дальше

A new report claims that people in the UK spend 1 in 12 waking minutes on the internet. Is that accurate? Is it more or less than the time Britons spend in front of the television?

British consumers spend 43 hours a month online according to the latest report from the Internet Advertising Bureau and PwC. The number shows how wording can affect the shock factor of a statistic - saying we spend almost 2 whole days a month online sounds like a significant amount, but saying it's 1 in 12 waking minutes might not sound quite so surprising.

Whichever way you say it though, that number is a disputed one. In their 2013 report, Ofcom claimed that people in the UK spent on average 35 hours online each month. Government statistics instead ask people if they go online every day - for 27% of the UK, the answer to that question was 'no' in 2013. So what do we know about British internet habits and how do they compare to TV ones?

3x more TV

Ofcom's survey of UK households found that they spent on average 4 hours watching TV each day, compared to 1.15 hours using the internet. If those numbers are accurate, they might show we're more aware of our time online than our time in front of the TV - maybe because it's time spent actively doing something. When the TV licensing authority worked with ICM to survey adults in the UK about how much time they spent watching TV, respondents underestimated by as much as 20 hours.

'Affluent' class use the internet more

Ofcom use the social grades developed by the National Readership Survey to look at class trends. Their results show that people who are more likely to be affluent will spend more time online, use it for work as well as entertainment and will visit a higher number of websites. They're even more savvy online - a bigger fraction of individuals in this affluent group will change their passwords and look beyond the first page of results after doing a search online.

Here's how they define those groups:

And here's what they found that internet habits differed:

What are we doing online?

The government statistics are significantly more detailed than the ones released today by the Internet Advertising Bureau and PwC. Because they have been asking us about our internet habits since 2006, the Office for National Statistics can also show how those behaviours are changing over time.

But the trends change quickly. In 2006, 16.2m people in the UK were using the internet every day. Since then, that's soared to 35.7m - representing 73% of the population.

Do these numbers surprise you? Would you say you spend more time online or in front of the TV? Let us know what you think in the comments below

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