DJL

Accumulation of ice to surfaces brings dangerous and costly problems to our daily life. In this paper, an anti-ice coating inspired by ice skating is reported. Hyaluronic acid is used in the anti-ice coating to form aqueous lubricating layer benefitting from its high water absorbing property. Dopamine, the main component of the mussel adhesive protein, is introduced to anchor the hyaluronic acid to the solid surfaces to render the coating applicable to all types of solid surfaces. At the same time it serves as the crosslinking agent for hyaluronic acid, thus the thickness of the water collecting film could be easily varied. Ice adhesion strength on surfaces coated with such kind of coating could be more than one order of magnitude lower than that of uncoated ones. The results indicate that this anti-ice coating with the aqueous lubricating layer has great potential for fighting against icing problems.

An anti-ice coating with an aqueous lubricating layer, inspired by ice skating, combines the remarkable lubrication capability of hyaluronic acid (HA) with the excellent adhesive property of dopamine. The anti-ice coating shows lower ice adhesion, which can apply to all types of solid surfaces and the thickness of the water collecting film could be easily varied.

High performance photodetectors play important roles in the development of innovative technologies in many fields, including medicine, display and imaging, military, optical communication, environment monitoring, security check, scientific research and industrial processing control. Graphene, the most fascinating two-dimensional material, has demonstrated promising applications in various types of photodetectors from terahertz to ultraviolet, due to its ultrahigh carrier mobility and light absorption in broad wavelength range. Graphene field effect transistors are recognized as a type of excellent transducers for photodetection thanks to the inherent amplification function of the transistors, the feasibility of miniaturization and the unique properties of graphene. In this review, we will introduce the applications of graphene transistors as photodetectors in different wavelength ranges including terahertz, infrared, visible, and ultraviolet, focusing on the device design, physics and photosensitive performance. Since the device properties are closely related to the quality of graphene, the devices based on graphene prepared with different methods will be addressed separately with a view to demonstrating more clearly their advantages and shortcomings in practical applications. It is expected that highly sensitive photodetectors based on graphene transistors will find important applications in many emerging areas especially flexible, wearable, printable or transparent electronics and high frequency communications.

Graphene demonstrates promising applications in various types of photodetectors from terahertz to ultraviolet, due to its ultrahigh carrier mobility and light absorption in a broad wavelength range. Graphene field effect transistors are re­cognized as a type of excellent transducers for photodetection thanks to the inherent amplification function of the transistors, the feasibility of miniaturization, and the unique properties of graphene.

Charge trapping layers are formed from different metallic nanocrystals in MoS₂-based nanocrystal floating gate memory cells in a process compatible with existing fabrication technologies. The memory cells with Au nanocrystals exhibit impressive performance with a large memory window of 10 V, a high program/erase ratio of approximately 10⁵ and a long retention time of 10 years.

Optical spacers based on metal oxide layers have been intensively studied in poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) based polymer solar cells for optimizing light distribution inside the device, but to date, the potential of such a metal oxide spacer to improve the electronic performance of the polymer solar cells simultaneously has not yet be investigated. Here, a detailed study of performance improvement in high efficient polymer solar cells by insertion of solution-processed ZnO optical spacer using ethanolamine surface modification is reported. Insertion of the modified ZnO optical spacer strongly improves the performance of polymer solar cells even in the absence of an increase in light absorption. The electric improvements of the device are related to improved electron extraction, reduced contact barrier, and reduced recombination at the cathode. Importantly, it is shown for the first time that the morphology of optical spacer layer is a crucial parameter to obtain highly efficient solar cells in normal device structures. By optimizing optical spacer effects, contact resistance, and morphology of ZnO optical spacers, poly[[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6diyl] [3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl] thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]] (PTB7):[6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid (PC₇₀BM) bulk heterojunction solar cells with conversion efficiency of 7.6% are obtained in normal device structures with all-solution-processed interlayers.

Solution-processed ZnO optical spacers (OSP) are investigated in highly efficient polymer solar cells. The morphology of the OSP layer is shown to be crucial for introducing efficient electron extraction properties to the ZnO layer. By optimizing the optical spacer effects, contact resistance, and morphology of the ZnO layer, poly[[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6diyl] [3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl] thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]] (PTB7):[6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid (PC₇₀BM) bulk heterojunction solar cells with a conversion efficiency of 7.6% are obtained.