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02 Oct 15:26

Vision vs. Strategy

Overview

In recent articles on keys to product success and the alternative to roadmaps I have highlighted that if you want the benefits of product team empowerment and autonomy, then you need to provide each team with the necessary context in which to make good decisions.  I’ve explained that the context typically needs to be the product vision, and a specific set of outcome-based objectives for each team (OKR’s are an effective way to do that).

I’ve already written about outcome-based objectives, and in this article I want to talk more about product vision, and especially how important the role of product strategy is in delivering on the product vision.

Product Vision

The product vision describes the future we are trying to create, typically somewhere between 2 and 5 years out.  For hardware or device-centric companies it’s usually 5-10 years out.  This is not in any sense a spec; it’s really a persuasive piece.  It might be in the form of a story board, or a narrative like a white paper, or a prototype (referred to as a “visiontype”).  It’s primary purpose is to communicate this vision and inspire the teams (and investors and partners) to want to help make this vision a reality.

When done well, the product vision is one of our most effective recruiting tools, and it serves to motivate the people on your teams to come to work every day.  Strong technology people are drawn to an inspiring vision; they want to work on something meaningful.

You can do some validation of the vision, but it’s not the same as the validation of specific solutions we do in product discovery.  In truth, buying into a vision is a bit of a leap of faith.  You very likely don’t know how, or even if, you’ll be able to deliver on the vision, but remember you have several years to discover the solutions.  At this stage, you should believe it’s a worthwhile pursuit.  As Jeff Bezos says, you want to be “stubborn on the vision, and flexible on the details."

Product Strategy

One of the most basic of all product lessons learned is that trying to please everybody will almost certainly please nobody.   So the last thing we should do is embark on a ginormous, multi-year effort to create a release that tries to deliver on the product vision.  That would truly be the antithesis of the concept of minimum viable product.

The product strategy is our sequence of products we plan to deliver on the path to realizing the vision.  I’m using “products” here loosely.  It might be different versions of the same product, it might be a series of different or related products, or it could be some other set of meaningful milestones.  Normally I encourage teams to construct a product strategy around a series of product-market fits.

There are many variations on this (the strategy for the product strategy, if you will):

For many B2B SaaS companies, each product-market fit focuses on a different vertical market (e.g. financial services, manufacturing, telco, etc.).  

For consumer companies, we often structure each product-market fit around a different customer or user persona.  

Sometimes the product strategy is based on geography, where we tackle different regions of the world in sequence.

And sometimes the product strategy is based more on achieving a set of key deliverable milestones in some sort of logical and important order (e.g. "first deliver critical rating and reviews functionality to developers building e-commerce applications, then leverage the data that is generated from this use to create a database of consumer product sentiment, then leverage this data for advanced product recommendations").

There’s no one approach to product strategy that is ideal for everyone, and you can never know how things might have gone if you ordered your product-market fits differently, but I tell teams that the most important benefit is just that you decided to focus your product work on a single market at a time.  So all teams know we’re tackling the manufacturing market now, and that’s the type of customers we are obsessing on, and our goal is to come up with the smallest actual deliverable product that makes these customers successful.  Ideas that pertain to other markets are saved for future consideration.

Besides significantly increasing your chance of delivering something that can power your business, the product strategy now gives you a tool to align your product work with your sales and marketing organization.  We want the sales organization to be selling in the markets that we’ve demonstrated product-market fit.  As soon as we demonstrate product-market fit for a new market (usually by developing an initial set of reference customers, the sales force can go out and find more customers in that market.

Why are Product Vision and Product Strategy so important?

So back to the concept of providing context to the product teams.

In order for a product team to actually be empowered and act with any meaningful degree of autonomy, the team must have a deep understanding of the broader context. This starts with a clear and compelling product vision, and the path to achieving that vision: the product strategy.

The more product teams you have, the more essential it is to have this unifying vision and strategy in order for each team to be able to make good choices.

I was with a startup recently and describing the value and importance of vision and strategy, and it occurred to me that it’s very analogous to the difference between leadership and management.  Leadership inspires and sets the direction, and management helps us get there.

Most importantly, the product vision should be inspiring, and the product strategy should be very intentional.

Notes

As you might expect, there are many nuances to product strategy.  I want to speak to some of the most important points here:

NOTE 1: In terms of prioritizing markets, all I really said above was to prioritize your markets and focus on one at a time.  I didn’t say how to prioritize them.  There is no one right way to do this, but there are two critical inputs to your decision.  The first is market sizing (usually referred to as “TAM” - total addressable market).  All things considered equal, we like big markets rather than small markets.  But of course they’re not equal.  If the largest TAM market would require 2 years of product work, yet several of the somewhat smaller but still significant markets are much closer in terms of time-to-market (“TTM”), most likely everyone in your company from the CEO and head of sales on down would prefer you deliver on a smaller market sooner.  These are typically the two dominant factors but others can be important also.  I typically suggest that the head of product, head of technology and head of marketing sit down together to work out your product strategy, balancing these various factors.

NOTE 2: Some people refer to the product strategy as the “vision roadmap.”  No real problem with that other than the use of the term “roadmap" can be confusing to the company.  Note also that this vision roadmap is very different from a product roadmap (a prioritized set of features and projects intended to deliver on a specific product-market fit in the product strategy).

NOTE 3: Normally when we create the product vision and product strategy, we also create a set of product principles (aka "product manifesto”). The three components are often lumped together and just referred to as “the product vision.”

NOTE 4: Just because we achieve product-market fit for a specific market does not mean that we are done with work for that market.  It just means that we’ve got that minimal actual product we can sell that is proven to meet the needs of the initial set of reference customers.  We continue to improve the product for other customers in the market.  We typically do that work in parallel with tackling the next market in our strategy.

18 Jul 07:41

Modern Figure-Drawings Highlight the Beauty of the Human Form

by Diana Shi for The Creators Project

The Chase, (left panel), 2016, Margaretta Gilboy, oil on canvas, 30” x 40." All images courtesy the artists and Goodwin Fine Art Gallery

Where are we today in figurative art? That is one of the questions asked by Figural Constructs, an exhibit showacsing the artistic muse of the human figure with a contemporary bent. One of the featured artists, Margaretta Gilboy, takes a handful of innocence to her rendering of the “figure,” creating a few pieces depiciting two ebullient children, painted in thick, swimming brushtrokes. The chunky and vaguely Impressionist tones of the oil and watercolor paintings are juxtaposed by the more defined and detailed still life of an artist’s table. In For Prince, a table strewn with fabric, small delicate bowls, and most importantly, portraiture of expressive, movement-oriented figure models, are a subtle representation of "the figure."

For Prince, 2016, oil on panel, 24” x 24”

Gilboy is joined in the exhibition by Jennifer Nerhbass, a contemporary artist and painter who is known for her series focusing on the eponymously-named, Cameo. Nerhbass’s contribution takes the form of multi-layered collages. “The collages ultimately provide a roadmap for the paintings’ compositions. It is a fluid process with the collected images at times acting as the source of inspiration, while in other instances the idea for the painting is the starting point and the images to express that idea are sought after,” states the exhibition's press release. 

The centerpiece of Nerhbass’s portion of the exhibit is a large-scale painting of a woman lounging within a cavernous valley, surrounded by abstract patterns. The piece, The Snake in the Temple, can be seen below with the rest of Figural Constructs:

Earnestly, 2013, watercolor and charcoal on board, 30” x 36” 2013

Little Chase, 2016, oil on canvas, 18”x 18”

The Gatekeeper, Jennifer Nerhbass, oil on canvas, 16” x 12” 2016

Green Totem, Jennifer Nerhbass, 2016, oil on canvas, 16” x 12”

Lady-Dada, Jennifer Nerhbass, 2014, oil on canvas, 42” x 38”

Snake in the Temple, Jennifer Nerhbass, 2016, oil on canvas, 84”x 66”

Both Margaretta Gilboy and Jennifer Nerhbass’s works can be seen at Goodwin Fine Art Gallery in Denver. Find out more about the exhibit Figural Constructs, here, and learn more about Goodwin Fine Art events and showings, here.

Related:

Seamless Collages Marry the Sweet and the Surreal

Epic Oil Paintings Depict a Superhero in His Elder Years

Meet the Flesh Oil Paintings of Oda Jaune

16 Jul 15:44

Ohrn Image — Public Art

by Ken Ohrn

Fourth Avenue at the Granville Bridge.

Granville.2

Click image for larger version

 


16 Jul 15:44

xkcd Phone 4

mkalus shared this story from xkcd.com.

The SpaceX system carefully guides falling phones down to the surface, a process which the phones increasingly often survive without exploding.
16 Jul 15:44

Ohrn Image — Urban Landscape

by Ken Ohrn

Powell St overpass mid-span observation point.

More about the overpass HERE.

Powell.St.Overpass

 


16 Jul 15:44

Using TensorFlow Deep Learning neural network with the University of Wisconsin cancer data set

by Mark Watson, author and consultant
My example of using a TensorFlow Deep Learning neural network to build a prediction model using the University of Wisconsin cancer data: https://github.com/mark-watson/cancer-deep-learning-model

This short example also shows how to use CSV files with TensorFlow. It took me a short while getting my data in CSV files into TensorFlow so hopefully this complete example, with data, will save people a little time.

Look at the source code for a documentation link if you want to change default parameters like using L1 or L2 regularization, etc.
16 Jul 15:43

Unicode approves 11 new emoji that better represent professional women

by Igor Bonifacic

After they were first proposed by Google this past May, new and diverse emoji that better represent women in a variety of professions are on their way to mobile devices everywhere.

Google announced today that 11 of the 13 emoji it suggested to the Unicode Consortium, the group responsible for overseeing the standardization of emoji, have been approved.

What’s more, Unicode has also approved male versions of those same new emoji, and users will be able to use the new male and female emoji in all currently available skin tones. All told, that means more than 100 new emoji will be added to the official Unicode lexicon.

Of course, while these emoji have been approved, it will still take some time before smartphone owners will be able to use them in their SMS messages and Snaps.

The 72 emoji that were approved as a part of Unicode 9 back in June are still in the process of rolling out on Android and iOS devices. On Android smartphones, it’s possible to gain access to them if the user downloads the latest version of Google’s first-party keyboard. Apple, on other hand, has yet to confirm whether even these emoji will make it into iOS 10, which is slated to come out later this year.

Still, even if users have to wait a while to use them, new emoji, and not to mention the diverse group of people they represent, are always appreciated.

SourceGoogle
16 Jul 15:43

Sorry America, Canadians can now watch Star Wars: The Force Awakens on Netflix

by Rose Behar

Canadians can now stream The Force Awakens on Netflix while, in a rare reversal of online streaming fortune, Americans won’t have access to the title.

This is because – even though Netflix recently made an exclusivity deal with Disney to stream its content along with Marvel, LucasFilm and Pixar movies – U.S. cable and satellite television service Starz currently has U.S. streaming rights to the film, meaning American Netflix users will miss out.

In Canada, however, rights have already transferred from Bell and Corus Entertainment to Netflix, allowing the platform to stream any Disney movie released theatrically after January 1st, 2015.

As for American Netflix users, they’ll get all future Star Wars movies (including Rogue One) starting September 2016, becoming the exclusive U.S. pay TV home for all Disney productions.

Related reading: Netflix will stream the new Star Wars movie in Canada next year

16 Jul 15:43

Dilemmas in Connected Spaces: Your Ideas for Mozfest!

by thornet

banyan tree

As our lives and physical environments become even more connected, we’re faced with dilemmas. How will I decide when and where my personal data can be used if it improves my daily life? Which of my everyday objects should be online? If my profession calls for me to make connected products or services, how can I advocate for ethical practices with user data?

This space will allow makers and learners to explore these dilemmas through a series of interactive experiences and mischievous interventions. Think connected and disconnected, public and private, privileged and disadvantaged, inclusive or exclusionary.

Participants might:

  • Arrive in a disorienting immigration queue like at an airport and make decisions about their identity and what they will declare.
  • Join a tour as seen through the eyes of dead scientists and poets.
  • Have a tea in a temporary camp and chat to nomadic algorithms.
  • Nap on a squishy chair sculpture that generates sleep data.
  • Cook a snack in a connected kitchen where appliances will only sometimes do as you say.
  • Hop on the gondola and learn magic tricks as you travel above the Thames.
  • Dig into oh-so-cool hardware to make and break the garage.
  • Stroll through a secret garden and see if you can make it out again…

We’re seeking fellow pranksters who want to create these kinds of memorable moments.

We’re less interested in sessions and more interested in experiences: dance-offs, exhibits, interactive comic books, newly invented sports, crazy sets and drama of all kinds.

In the Mozfest call for proposals, we invite you to describe how you would make these tales come to life, or share you suggestions for new ones. Submit your suggestions by August 1.

Many thanks to my fellow wranglers: Ian Forrester, Michael Saunby, George Roter, Dietrich Ayala and Jon Rogers!

16 Jul 15:41

Choi Identification: Local Cousa Squash (本地脆肉瓜)

by Angela Ho

Cousa whaa?

Cousa Squash! One of the many varieties of summer squash that are in season right now. Known for its light green, spotty exterior, we stumbled upon this unique squash for the first time this summer at Jia Mei Market and Carley Quality Meats.

IMG_9955Referred to as “脆肉瓜” in Chinese (pronounced as ceoi juk gwaa in Cantonese and cuì ròu guā in Mandarin), 脆肉瓜 reminded us a lot of regular green zucchinis. However, as some of the store employees explained to us, 脆肉瓜 is actually much crisper than regular zucchini, hence the reason why it’s literally called “crisp meat melon” in Chinese.

How to select and prepare

Like selecting other types of squash, look for 脆肉瓜 that are firm and smooth to the touch. We gravitated towards 脆肉瓜 that were shiny and heavy for their weight. Summer squash with duller appearances may indicate that they aren’t as fresh as it used to be.

IMG_9952Since summer squash such as 脆肉瓜 are typically harvested when they are still young, their outer rind is still tender and edible. On the other hand, winter squash takes longer to mature, thus leading to a tougher, more rigid exterior. Prepare 脆肉瓜 like you would with any other type of summer squash, – such as by steaming, roasting, or sauteéing it. As a matter of fact, you could even eat it raw by spiralizing it into “pasta” noodles.

Interested in trying out 脆肉瓜? Well, head down to Chinatown soon, as produce available one week may be gone by the next! To learn about other local choi in Chinatown, click here.

The post Choi Identification: Local Cousa Squash (本地脆肉瓜) appeared first on Hua Foundation.

16 Jul 15:41

Robert Converted his MADSEN to an E-MADSEN using a LEED 500W kit

by jared madsen

Robert, a 1-year MADSEN owner in the Long Beach CA area, shares his thoughts on converting his bike to an E-MADSEN!

Link to product : https://ebikemybike.com/products/500-series-electric-bike-kit

"Adding the LEED 500W kit wasn't too difficult but did require a few changes to the basic Madsen bike. The LEED 500W motor comes mounted on a 26" wheel but has no tire and no brake disc.
You can re-use your Madsen tire and disc or upgrade. Mounting the front wheel requires that you spread the forks about 1/2" to get everything to fit. You'll find that the front brake caliper interferes with the electric hub so you'll need to replace it with a narrow brake disc caliper from eBike kits. (link: http://www.ebikekit.com/kit-components/small-parts/disc-calipers/narrow-disc-brake-calipers-f160-r140/ ).

The only other new part you'll need is a replacement bottom bracket as the part is a bit too narrow to mount the pedal assist sensor (it should be mounted on the side opposite the chain). I used this part: Shimano UN55 68x113mm. link: http://www.jensonusa.com/Bottom-Brackets/Shimano-UN55-Bottom-Bracket . You need a specialized tool for this part of the job or have it done at your local bike shop.

I mounted the battery pack and controller to the Madsen bucket and frame using some standard hardware and washers for spacers and tie-wrapped all the wires in place. I replaced the handgrips at the same time to accommodate the thumb operated throttle and add a more ergonomic feel.

Performance:
Adding the LEED 500W kit changed the Madsen into a bike we use everyday. The kit has both a pedal sensor with adjustable power-assist and a throttle feature. On flat terrain a low setting on the pedal-assist turns the Madsen into an easy-cruising bike, even when hauling kids or stuff. On hills or at intersections, the throttle can propel the bike from a stop in a way unimaginable without e-assist.

Now taking the kids to school or camp, shopping or heading to the beach is a breeze. You set whatever level of assist you want and the bike becomes much easier to operate. E-assist range varies based on how you're using it but is about 10 to 25 miles between charges."

 

Thanks Robert!!

IMG_2658

16 Jul 15:35

Seeing Stars

by Alex Ronan

When my brother Mark died I didn’t feel like being alive anymore, but sleep was as close as I was willing to put myself to death. So I slept endlessly. When I woke up, at 2 p.m., at 4 a.m., again at 7 a.m., I’d scroll through social media until I could will myself back to sleep. Kanye would tweet something. When I woke again, people were sharing photos of his tweet printed out and hung in their office cubicles. The next time I woke up, the tweet was on cakes and T-shirts.

Celebrities and countries were fighting; the wifi at my mom’s apartment ran so slowly that things took absurdly long to load. I watched a 30-second TMZ clip of a model on a beach posing seductively before being knocked down by a wave as it slowly buffered over 10 minutes. A week later, someone finally restarted the router.

When I left the apartment, the world felt too harsh — fast and bright and no longer mine. People reached out but I spent most of my time alone, wearing Mark’s clothes, sleeping in the room that had been mine and then his and was now mine again.

Some days, I worked frantically on making a memorial service that would feel true to someone who wore flip-flops everywhere and died only a few months after turning 21. Some days I couldn’t do more than order Seamless from Mark’s account. “Hi, Mark,” Seamless said. Often I missed daylight entirely, catching up later on my phone. Each year-end roundup made me furious. I didn’t want the last year Mark was alive to end and I definitely didn’t want a new one to start without him.

Some days I couldn’t do more than order Seamless from Mark’s account. “Hi, Mark,” Seamless said

In January, a few days after the memorial, David Bowie died. I scrolled through hundreds of tweets and Instagram posts. What about Mark? I thought, stewing in my bed. Why didn’t the whole entire world stop when he died? Then Snape died. Then Céline Dion’s husband. Everyone kept calling it tragic; he was 73! I wanted to shout. People were tweeting and penning Facebook posts; everyone was “devastated” and “heartbroken.” But I knew that after clicking tweet or post or share most people carried right along with their days. They’d listen to Bowie on the subway home from work. But when they turned the key in the lock, they left their grief behind.

Grief was my entire world — it crowded my thoughts and clouded everything I did. But I clung to it too. A friend of Mark’s, who had lost her mother, told me grief is like a wound. Slowly, it’ll heal. You’ll still have the scar, but it won’t hurt as much. She meant this as a comfort; I took it as a threat. I didn’t want the pain to go away because it would take me further from Mark. I’d lost him and I wasn’t willing to give up anything else. What would I be left with if I could overcome the loss of my brother?

Grieving is knowing something to be true without fully accepting it. My phone proved a necessary distraction. I played endless rounds of solitaire, placing a jack on a queen, moving a six here, putting an ace up, unfurling new cards. Shockingly soon, a trophy popped up on my screen. I’d played 1,000 games.

On one of these endlessly long days, someone retweeted a photo of stars beneath a series of coordinates. The image was crowded with pinpricks of light and I clicked to @AndromedaBot. Some guy named Joe had created it to explore Hubble’s largest photo “a little bit at a time.” The full photo offers the clearest picture of the Andromeda galaxy. Apparently, you’d need 600 HD TVs to display the entire thing. There are over 100 million stars visible, but no indication at what point someone stopped counting.

Between tweets covering the most mundane details of celebrities’ lives, the celestial began to appear regularly in my feed. Each photo segment was dramatically different from the one that preceded it. Sometimes, it looked like spilled glitter. Sometimes there was only blackness with a smattering of planets and stars, one much bigger than the rest. The photos varied from purplish to puce to a speckled black. A little bit at a time made a lot of sense.


“Alex saw an astronomer!” my mom said to my brother Robert after I’d told her. “Astrologer,” I corrected her, wincing. Robert is many things and one of them is someone who studied astronomy in college. He rolled his eyes and grabbed a seltzer. “That is the dumbest thing I’ve ever heard,” he said. “It’s just a way of looking at things,” I responded, defensively, before adding, “You can get something out of it even if you don’t believe in it.” He rifled through the fancy baked goods people were still sending us, mostly ignoring me. “I can learn something about Mark from a novel, even if I know it’s not real,” I said, but by then he was already gone, down the hall.

I’d agreed to go to my friend Grace’s astrologer even though I did not want to be one of those people who look for something in nothing. After Mark’s death, I was wary of anything that promised comfort, afraid I might slide uncontrollably into becoming the kind of person who finds messages in burnt toast. On the day of my appointment, I almost feigned a migraine, but I knew everyone would know I was lying. Instead, I put a coat over the sweatpants I’d been wearing for days, and went to see Jeane, to whom I’d already given the date, location, and time of my birth, plus Mark’s.

Jeane opened the door wearing a bright orange baseball cap with nothing on it. It looked absurd, but in a good way. Okay, I thought. I can do this. We sat across from each other at her dining room table and she offered me snacks. Since I don’t know anything about astrology, she would point to something on the chart, say what it was, and then tell me what that told her.

It was comforting to hear a stranger echo back minor details of Mark’s life. “His [something] is in the [something],” she said, “and to me, that indicates a reluctant interest in fashion.” I laughed and told her that Mark had been model scouted on the subway, walking twice in New York Fashion Week. He’d been nonchalant about it, but he was clearly proud, especially when they asked him to return for a second show. “Mark,” she said, jovially, “Mark! If you’re here, we know you loved it.”

I thought of helping him cut his jeans into jorts. I thought of all the times he’d knocked on my door to show me a weird sweatshirt he’d bought at a thrift store with Caroline. I thought of the summer before, when his shirt and shorts clashed so much someone asked if it was laundry day with a knowing smile and we had laughed because it wasn’t.

Something rising somewhere indicated an interest in the arts, visual maybe. Mark had kept a list of all the movies he wanted to watch, crossing out those he’d seen. He took beautiful portraits of his friends and family; he loved photography so deeply.

Between tweets covering the most mundane details of celebrities’ lives, the celestial began to appear regularly in my feed. Sometimes, it looked like spilled glitter

Jeane showed me a line on his chart that indicated the pain he’d experienced. Another line crossed that one, there was a moon rising somewhere, and this meant he’d been a leader. “There are two types of leaders,” Jeane said. “There are those that come down from the mountain insisting they know the answers and then there’s the kind of quiet leadership that comes from within.” Mark, she said, was the latter. “The people that most received his message were his peers.”

I thought of Mark’s friends and the night they came over after he died. We were in the kitchen and they all trooped in, the dogs barking, the boys ever taller than before, the girls following behind. Usually, they’d come in laughing and joking, usually Mark would be somewhere in the bunch. My eyes had traveled over all of them until the last one entered, because I wanted to see Mark there, Mark here, Mark pulling open the fridge door and grabbing a seltzer.

“It’s strange,” I said, “He was in immense pain, he struggled so much, but he wasn’t really the picture of a depressed person. He was joyful and funny and so much fun to be around. Sometimes it was really confusing.”

Then Jeane said something I still carry with me. “Think about what photography is — it’s about turning darkness into light. That’s not a metaphor, that’s literally what it is. Sometimes you see that in people too. There’s something really beautiful about a person who can turn their own pain and their own darkness into light for others.”

I found Jeane’s method hard to believe in, but what she said I knew to be true. Mark was a leader, a light, a person whose life was marked by suffering and profound happiness, isolatingly untranslatable pain and also the warmth of community. But his death by suicide raised endless questions about responsibility, inevitability, and choice that I wrestled with constantly.

The stars and planets don’t stop just because someone’s life does, Jeane said; she could continue to read his chart even though he had died. There would be, according to Jeane, a period of nearness for several years, based on the alignment of astronomical things I can’t remember. Then, Jeane said, there would be a change. “I don’t want you to take that to mean that in seven years Mark is coming back,” she said. “Maybe it just means you guys find a new way of living with his loss, a new way of remembering him.”

Jeane clearly had wisdom, but she didn’t pretend to have all the answers. I wanted to know how Mark could possibly be here if he was no longer living, I needed to know where to find him and what to look for. I was grateful that Jeane didn’t offer certainty she didn’t have, but I also wanted it so badly.

“He’s in your heart,” people would say, but that was not enough. I wanted him alive, and if not alive, I wanted him here still in some real, quantifiable way. I wanted an explanation that I could have relayed to Mark without him raising his eyes suggestively while making the exaggeratedly spooky noises from Scooby Doo and then cracking up.


We do not come from a religious household, even though my dad was once a Catholic altar boy. Growing up, religion was largely the domain of our grandmothers, who’d wear crosses around their necks (one Catholic, one Protestant) and go to church on Sundays. They believed in things like heaven and angels but never tried to push that on us, except for the time my great aunt got so worried that my older brother Andrew and I might die and rot in purgatory that she led our little selves into the bathroom, locked the door, and performed her own baptism in the bathtub.

The idea of the spirit or the soul felt false; instead, I clung to the idea of energy, which seemed more rigorously provable. He’s dead, but he is not gone, I’d insist to myself. The energy he was made of is still here. He’s not turning into a tree, that’s fine, but there’s probably some of him in this room. That’s just science. I didn’t really know much about energy beyond the whole “can neither be created nor destroyed” thing, but I thought maybe the body let go of any unused energy at death. I liked to picture him around us. Mostly I imagined that energy just loosely close and there when we needed it, Mark nearby but not watching us pee or anything like that.

I googled it. “Quick note: If you’re presently grieving, don’t read this,” said the first result. Of course, I ignored the warning. A lot of energy, it turns out, goes toward decomposition and is then expelled as heat. It’s true that the waves and particles and protons that made him my living, breathing brother are still here… somewhere. But as I read more, I realized that I’d only focused on the second half of the energy law. All that energy passed through him, but it didn’t really come from him.

The stars shine for no one at all and the bot tweets endlessly to an unknown audience, going on and on without us

And so energy wasn’t the answer, but maybe light could give me some comfort. I thought about the light that illuminated our lives — the days and weeks and months and years in which all four of us were alive. I imagined that light radiating endlessly outward into the universe. It was comforting to think that when we look into the sky we’re seeing the past, since that’s where I wanted to be. After some googling, I determined that if you traveled two light years away from earth, you’d see the planet as it was when me and my three brothers all lived. You’d have to go 12 trillion miles.

If you went further, so far I can’t even understand what the number of miles is, you could turn and you’d see the planet as it was when I only had two brothers, but Mark wouldn’t be dead, he just wouldn’t be born yet. Further still and I’d ruin Andrew’s only-child status. Back further and the Ronan kids would mean my dad and his siblings, not me and mine.

Mark was dead, but that light of our lives wouldn’t stop traveling. What we had together isn’t over; it’s just moving away, I told myself. Then it occurred to me that the earth is a planet, not a star. I asked my boyfriend Greg how you could see the earth from light years away if it wasn’t producing light. When he explained, I burst into tears. To double check, I emailed my friend Raillan, who knows more than anyone else about how these things work. I didn’t tell him why I needed to know. Raillan wrote back quickly and didn’t ask why I was suddenly interested in exosolar planets. He talked about interstellar smog smothering luminosity. He acknowledged that the earth is emitting light, but only a little, and mostly from reflected sunlight. Atmospheric dust and interstellar smog did not fit into what I’d imagined. I was devastated.


Sometimes I tried to take part in my own life. I saw friends; I started working again. I knew I seemed okay for a girl whose brother died, but I also knew I was irreparably broken and I didn’t want to be fixed. I still used my phone whenever I needed to not think about anything. I got up to level 82 in TwoDots before deleting it entirely.

I continued collecting memories and stories and details about Mark. I came across a song called “I Love You, But Goodbye” that made me sob uncontrollably for an hour. If not directly from him, the words felt of him. I sent it to Caroline and she wrote back to say that Mark loved the band. I had no idea. It felt like the most precious gift.

I wish I believed that Mark was watching from somewhere, offering me this comfort from afar. I don’t exactly believe all that, but he did live and love and share his life with a lot of people, so it’s also true in a way, that these comforts come from him. His energy, or what’s left of it, may not surround us, but his influence does, and that was born of the days and nights he spent here, all the energy he put into being alive.

I wonder what it was like to be him, to live with a brain that works constantly against you. I wish that something could have helped him. Some things did, but not enough and now he’s gone.

I keep the star charts Jeane drew in a drawer — Mark’s, mine, the one we shared. Every day, as soon as I get home, I crawl back into bed. The world still moves too fast for me, and celebrity minutiae feels more like my speed. A tabloid tells me that Selena Gomez got a coffee. Then, later: How to get Selena’s coffee casual look. Later still, I click one that went something like “Sipping Coffee and Sending Texts: Ten Theories On Who Selena Is Talking To (Hint: It’s Not Justin).”

Between those, the Andromeda bot appears in my feed, spitting out stars. The bot offers a look at the physical universe, something that is, no matter what meaning we ascribe to it. The expansiveness that each tweet communicates makes me feel tiny. Even though the pain of losing Mark feels bigger than anything else, the photos remind me that something bigger is everywhere around. The stars shine for no one at all and the bot tweets endlessly to an unknown audience. We look to the stars for meaning, we make the bots that go on and on without us. Grieving or not, we place ourselves and try to find our place.

I signed up for the Hubble press newsletter and now the stars come to my inbox. I get an embargoed photo of what I agree looks like “a gigantic cosmic soap bubble” and learn that the Hubble telescope now has two million Facebook friends. They’re always finding new things. A few weeks ago it was three potentially habitable worlds near some dwarf star. Before that, a comet with fragments from Earth’s formation returned after billions of years in something called cold storage. It may offer clues about the beginning of our solar system. It may not. I’m sure they’ll let me know.

These days, I don’t take much comfort in ideas about energy. I don’t entirely know how light works, except that it doesn’t work in the way I want it to. I don’t look at the stars and imagine the heavens; when I look at the stars, I think of what Mark’s friend Lizzy said: “He could find the Big Dipper even if the sky was cloudy.” I think of the things Mark taught me and I wonder what he knew about the sky.

When people ask how we are, I usually say, “Every day seems impossible, but then it is over.” I mean that I don’t know how to live without him. I mean that I don’t want to have to figure it out, but that I will, largely because the days keep coming, but also because I know Mark wouldn’t want it another way.

I carry him in my heart, of course, and he’s alive in our memories. Sometimes I even see Mark in my dreams. It’s so painful to be here without him, but when I look up at the stars, when I’m feeling too sad to do anything but refresh my Twitter feed, and the @AndromedaBot pops up, I just feel lucky. Mark isn’t here, but he was. Of all the galaxies, we both ended up in this one, right on this planet, at the same time. We were here together, and that’s not nothing.

16 Jul 15:35

The Things We Carried

by Ava Kofman

With every heavy travel season comes another round of calls to privatize or kill the Transportation Security Agency. Hatred for the hapless agency seems to have reached an all-time-high this summer. It’s not just the record-long wait times. In April, the New York Times reported that the TSA routinely retaliates against employees who point out security lapses to their superiors. In May, the agency fired its head of security operations, American Airlines publicly shamed the TSA for causing thousands of passengers to miss their flights, and a Florida congressman published a guidebook, TSA for Dummies, to document the agency’s “meltdowns” for the uninitiated.

But while government audits and reports continue to paint the agency as an unequivocal failure, those numbers are irrelevant to the metrics that govern the agency’s online reputation. With over 400,000 followers, the TSAs Instagram account wages a curious, uphill public relations campaign — one that bears an inverse relationship to the agency’s unpopularity offline. Last year Rolling Stone ranked the winsome, faux-naive “@TSA” the fourth best account to follow.

On the agency’s official Instagram, objects that slow down security lines transform into hilarious artifacts, and the nameless canine agents you’re forbidden to touch in real life appear as cuddly characters. Whereas interactions with the TSA were once limited to sterile airport settings, we can now continuously interface with the agency’s casual personality on our phones anytime, anywhere. All we have to do is scroll through the feed’s amateur photography of confiscated carry-on items, sorted by the self-congratulatory hashtag #TSAGoodCatch.

The majority of those “good catches” are of guns. Some are pictured in isolation against wood and laminate surfaces, like family heirlooms for sale on eBay. Occasionally, a large Photoshopped array of hundreds of confiscated firearms will be uploaded, in an apparent attempt to convey the extent of the firearm-smuggling problem and the determination with which travelers stick to their guns.

There are many cane swords — so many that the agency recommends you pull the handle of your cane to see if you may have purchased one by accident

As a respite from the gun show, adorable snapshots of the agency’s dogs punctuate the feed at regular intervals, introducing us to the security state’s mascots. These canine interludes, hashtagged #WorkingDogs and #DogsofInstagram, show such “good boys” and “good girls” as Botka, Doc, Guiness, Fable, Spike, Mojo, Yoshi, Tarzan, Toro, True, Woody, Missy, Oonda (named after a 9/11 victim), Folti (retired after 10 years of service), Screech, Simba, and “don’t let his name fool you” Baby. I could go on. Some lucky pups are even Photoshopped onto trading cards, like all-star athletes.

Aside from guns and dogs, the feed largely consists of bizarre and dangerous items, including images of every sort of knife imaginable: swords and throwing stars, switchblades and pocket knives, a three-piece set of neon green “faux blood adorned” machetes. There are cherry-red hacksaws, cherry-red brass knuckles with pop-out blades, and rainbow-tinted daggers, carved sharply on both ends. For the cosplay fan, Batman-shaped throwing blades and razor-blade stars (tagged #Krull in a shout-out to the 1980s sci-fi film) abound.

Concealed blades are discovered in black combs, in pink combs, in pens, in the plush of neck pillows, on thighs, under bras, wedged into a homemade enchilada. There are many cane swords — so many that the agency recommends you pull the handle of your cane to see if you may have purchased one by accident. Multipurpose tools have been slipped under the soles of shoes, stuffed in bottles of pills, slotted into a hard drive, and buried within a metal pan of what appears to be a half-eaten casserole. The casserole traveler’s intentions were “delicious, not malicious,” @TSA confirmed.

Also on display are ingenious or idiotic stashes of drugs. In the accompanying captions, the agency comes across like a Cool Dad, explaining that the TSA would never explicitly look for drugs but is, unfortunately, required to report them when discovered. Which they are — in the battery compartments of computer mice, in false-bottomed shaving cream or beverage cans, in tubs of peanut butter, and so on.

Of course, not everything the TSA confiscates gets posted. The agency spares us visual documentation of the millions of bottles of water and other larger-than-three-ounce vessels of liquid it captures. Scrolling through the hundreds of squares, a subtle but forceful hierarchy begins to emerge. The more singular the catch, the more popular it becomes. A stun gun disguised as rhinestone-spangled lipstick case, for instance, garners more likes than a can of bear mace. The most ingenious of these #catches weave surprise, stealth, and traveler stupidity into a single object: consider the eight-inch double-edged knife “artfully concealed” in an Eiffel Tower replica statue; the seven small snakes wrapped in nylon stockings, dangling under a traveler’s pants; or, my favorite, the five dead endangered sea horses floating in an oversize bottle of VSOP. The alcohol-doused animals represent a two-in-one prohibition, as does the bag of cocaine hidden in a water bottle with more than three ounces of liquid, and the grenade-shaped weed grinder. “Anything resembling a grenade is prohibited in both carry-on and checked baggage,” noted @TSA. “Especially if it’s a grenade shaped grinder with marijuana inside.”

Despite the occasional oddities, flipping through @TSA can quickly become a familiar ritual: gun, gun, throwing star. The unceasing repetition of forms on the feed offers a sense of security, however false. The recurrence of threats averted makes it seem as though they can be known, even anticipated. But this soothing logic easily gives way to its opposite: that the threats on view are not contained but endlessly regenerative and, therefore, unstoppable. “Is there an Instagram account,” one user asked, “where people post what they got through security with because you didn’t catch it?”

This question hints at the larger ambiguity underlying the account. Does @TSA display dangers contained or dangers to come? It’s an unanswerable question by design. For homeland security to justify its function, every threat must be at once under control and uncontrollable.


The #TSAGoodCatch hashtag uncritically celebrates the agency’s acumen, but it reads less like a humblebrag and more like a desperate plea against dire odds. It’s impossible to understand TSA’s social media personality apart from the agency’s material reputation for inefficiency and waste. The winking friendliness and whimsy of @TSA seems tailored to help us forget how unpopular the agency has been since the beginning. The month after the attacks of 9/11, the U.S. Senate cast a rare unanimous vote in favor of the federal government taking over airport security from private contractors — a decision that nearly everybody has been unhappy with ever since.

Among the TSA’s fiercest critics is Bruce Schneier, a computer-security expert who seems to take an almost perverse satisfaction in the agency’s flaws, just as Sherlock Holmes relished the mishaps of London police. In 2003, Schneier coined the term “security theater” to describe the TSA’s knack for providing a psychological veneer of safety in lieu of instituting tested security measures. By offering procedures to make travelers feel secure, he argues, the agency creates “audience-participation dramas” for “movie-plot threats.” “Focusing on specific threats like shoe bombs or snow-globe bombs simply induces the bad guys to do something else,” he explained to Vanity Fair in 2011. “You end up spending a lot on the screening and you haven’t reduced the total threat.”

One early TSA posting read: #StunGun #disguised as a pack of #cigarettes discovered at #Cleveland — #cle #stun #stunguns #tazer #tazers #shock #shocking #travel #aviation #tsa #instatsa #tsablogteam #tsagram #gov20 #gov. None of these hashtags would catch on

What little data that has been released on the TSA’s activities over the past decade confirms Schneier’s analysis. A 2010 Government Accountability Office report found that the TSA’s $200 million investment in a secret program to detect terrorist behavior through facial tics and other “tells” failed to detect any terrorists, including at least a dozen individuals later involved in terrorism cases. This was unrelated to the discovery, in 2015, that 73 of the agency’s own workers were on the U.S. government’s no-fly list.

Each year brings new failures. A 2011 congressional report found that the agency had permitted 25,000 security breaches in the past decade. In 2012, a TSA official admitted that no arrests could be attributed to the implementation of whole-body scanners. Three years later, the quarter-billion-dollar body-scanning equipment was unveiled as an essentially decorative set piece: A security audit revealed that the scanners failed to discover weapons and explosives 95 percent of the time. This led the Washington Post to wonder why the agency celebrated 2014 as “a great year” on its blog, where it boasted of an average seizure rate of six firearms a day. “Americans aren’t sure if that’s a measure of success or a colossal failure,” Senator Ben Sasse, a Republican from Nebraska, noted.

In the midst of this perpetual public relations disaster, @TSA was established, on June 30, 2013, by “Blogger Bob” Burns. Though it would eventually find its charismatic voice, the Instagram account’s first post reveals a less than confident grasp of the medium: “#Fireworks don’t fly. (On planes) #july4 #travel #instatsa #firstpost #aviation http://1.usa.gov/16xLT7a.”

Other early posts wielded hashtags as gnomic apothegms. One early, pound-heavy posting read: “tsa#StunGun #disguised as a pack of #cigarettes discovered at #Cleveland — #cle #stun #stunguns #tazer #tazers #shock #shocking #travel #aviation #tsa #instatsa #tsablogteam #tsagram #instagood #instacool #webstagram #instagramhub #photo #gov20 #gov #all_shots.” None of these hashtags would catch on.

The house style that eventually prevailed on @TSA — equal parts playful, pithy, and paternalistic — makes amends for the agency’s paranoid mindset. Its winking cleverness distracts us from the agency’s uncool job of enforcing uncool rules: “This brush dagger was discovered in a carry-on bag at the #SanFrancisco International Airport. Familiarizing yourself with the prohibited items list prior to flying can prevent hairy situations.” Cue the laugh track, and the likes.

The TSA is hardly alone among giant, faceless organizations in its adoption of a knowing, teen-like tone. Writing in the New Inquiry, Kate Losse dissects the rise of the “insouciant, lowercase voice” of corporate social media accounts. Losse observes that “a traditional corporate entity, which has historically had no direct ‘voice,’ suddenly distilling itself into an eccentric, devil-may-care character is instantly affecting, precisely because of how uncanny, even creepy, it is.” The absurdist attempts at intimacy are at once disarming and meta.

When the agency makes its crude collages, cramming as many gun photos as possible into the frame of a single post, the effect is more horror vacui than rule of thirds

The TSA’s account similarly ingratiates with knowing irony. The joke, for once, is not on the hapless agency, but on the clueless passengers who try to bring stupid stuff onto planes. The switch is deliberate. As Blogger Bob revealed to Wired in 2014, “You change it from people complaining about TSA to people saying, ‘Wow look what TSA found, I can’t believe someone would try to come through with this.’ ”

In many respects, the ironized propaganda works: @TSA humanizes the tedious work the agents perform. As I meticulously logged the account’s activity, I started to understand how tiring — and difficult — the actual work of managing security checkpoints could be. At the same time, I started to wonder what an “unofficial” account of the agency’s activities would look like.

I didn’t have to look very far. This summer, the industry lobbying group Airlines for America launched a social media campaign to harness the season’s widespread frustration at the agency’s epic wait times. Encouraging flyers to tweet and Instagram photos of long security lines, the #iHateTheWait campaign counteracts @TSA’s rosy pictures, unleashing a raw, populist portrait from the other side of the scanners. @TSA has yet to embrace this hashtag.


TSA agents weren’t the first photographers to embark on a massive catalog of objects confiscated by airport security. A few years before the agency’s photographic forays, artist Taryn Simon spent five days at New York City’s John F. Kennedy Airport, photographing the objects passing through both Customs and Border Protections and the U.S. Postal Service International Mail Facility. The 1,075 photographs in her Contraband series, indexed and alphabetized according to the descriptions provided by agents, suggest an alternate archive to the @TSA’s — not least because her content is explicitly international in its provenance. The objects Simon’s camera most frequently captures are not handguns but pills, fruit, handbags, and other counterfeit luxury items. Both threats and desires are on view.

Simon photographs these confiscated items against what curator Hans-Ulrich Obrist describes as “an unchanging gray backdrop, the color of administration and neutrality.” Where the TSA’s ephemeral scroll renders its items disposable, the static portraits presented in Contraband appear monumental, like a still life or a mug shot. Art critics like Obrist praised Contraband for capturing the banal, impersonal uniformity of a bureaucratic aesthetic, but the TSA’s aesthetic, as expressed through social media, has proved anything but administrative. The TSA’s Instagram feed favors eclecticism over discipline: Various filters, formats, qualities, and image sizes proliferate. When the agency makes its crude collages, cramming as many gun photos as possible into the frame of a single post, the effect is more horror vacui than rule of thirds.

Unlike the gray austerity of Contraband, the vibes are chummy, goofy. Adding a social media twist to the “Wanted” poster, the TSA account makes the act of self-surveillance seem fun, friendly, folksy. The point isn’t simply to learn the rules, it’s to heart them. The agency may be despised in real life, but its activities are liked thousands of times a day online.

Most thing-based Instagram accounts — for food, yoga, beaches — entice us to vicariously consume lifestyles and fantasies, but @TSA’s viral exhibitionism has the opposite function: to steel ourselves against making the same mistakes as those whose possessions are on view. @TSA instructs through these object lessons.

In the 19th century, criminal-identification photographs were “designed quite literally to facilitate the arrest of their referent,” writes critic Allan Sekula. The invention of the modern criminal constructed at the same time the figure of the law-abiding citizen, who distinguished themselves from photographs of deviancy.

While retrospective #TSAGoodCatch images don’t aid agents with the identification of suspects or objects, they do help the average traveler learn to be a better, safer citizen. @TSA is not aspirational but proscriptive. Just like the #WorkingDogs of the #TSAInstagram, we can become good boys and good girls, too, if only we catch ourselves before they catch us.

16 Jul 15:35

Who Was She?

by The Coquette

OK, PLS, THX offers regular performance improvement options and bug fixes to maximally optimize your overall user experience for social. It’s an advice column.

This week’s question: I’m obsessed with my boyfriend’s ex-girlfriend, or rather, with my boyfriend’s ex-girlfriend’s self-presentation. I feel good with him — secure, everything — after a year of togetherness. I feel as pretty as I normally do, which is not that pretty, yet also not (I hope) overly concerned with my face. And yet I can’t stop looking at pictures of her face, her outfits, her new nails. I no longer remember when or why I started.

The other day, I started looking through her tagged images. From there I started looking through her friend’s Instagrams for pictures of herself she’d untagged. I noticed she had untagged a photo of herself with my boyfriend, taken with what seemed to be a selfie stick, from about a month after he and I started dating, when he said he was no longer seeing her. I want to ask him about it, but I don’t want him to know what I’ve been up to — not because it’s wrong, but because it will make me seem pathetic in his eyes. I’m sure she’s not spending hours looking at pictures of me.

Am I pathetic? Am I…sympathetic? How do I find enough sympathy for myself to stop doing this, and should I try to get sympathy from him, or will I only get — only deserve — scorn and pity?


The Coquette’s answer: On general principle, never be jealous of anyone with a selfie stick. That being said, as much as it would please you, I seriously doubt that your boyfriend would react with scorn and pity if you were to bring up a year-old Instagram of him and his ex. You’re aiming a bit too high with scorn and pity. Those are soap opera emotions, which I suppose is my polite way of calling you a drama queen.

Thing is, you’re not an extroverted, attention-seeking, high-conflict style drama queen. Nah, you’re one of those low-key types who feed off a consistent and controlled amount of chaos. (Think nuclear reactor instead of a nuclear bomb.) You say you’re secure in your relationship, and I believe you, but that’s probably the underlying cause for your behavior. Security is the opposite of chaos, and so this Instagram obsession is how you keep your reactor fueled.

You’re one of those people who needs to commit daily acts of minor self-sabotage. (Yeah, that’s kind of your thing.) Going deep into the ex-girlfriend’s social media is a prime example. So is the urge to bring up the Instagram with your boyfriend, and I’m sure if we spent the afternoon together, I could point out another dozen little ways you’ve found to inflict emotional self-harm.

Naturally, you do all these things for a reason. They fill your need for chaos. They keep you fueled. It’s better than taking a razor blade to your thighs, but that’s basically what you’re doing every time you click on pics of the ex — you’re causing pain so that you feel something. Yeah, it hurts a little, but it hurts in a good way, one that you aren’t quite comfortable admitting to yourself.

That’s fine. We all have our masochistic peccadillos, and Instagram stalking your boyfriend’s ex is a fairly harmless way to get your kicks, but you should also step back and recognize how this behavior fits within your larger pattern of self-sabotage for the sake of that controlled chaos. You need to know this about yourself or your behavior is never going to change.

The point isn’t for you to find enough sympathy for yourself to stop doing this. Sympathy isn’t the missing ingredient. What you need is an alternative fuel source, something less dangerous than chaos to stave off the existential ennui that creeps in when things are, as you put it, “secure.”

What you need is self-realization. That’s the clean and safe alternative. That’s the path to not being pathetic. You wanna stop creeping on the ex-girlfriend’s Instagram? Okay. Identify that wounded part of you that needs the chaos to justify its existence, and then banish it from your identity. Find acceptance for yourself instead of sympathy. Stop giving a shit. Let go.

 Of course, that last part is easier said than done, but fucking do it anyway. Put in the work. End your need for chaos through acceptance and watch how the self-sabotage evaporates. Go on. See how much better you’ll feel. I promise it will be worth it.

16 Jul 15:34

Twitter Favorites: [bmann] I wrote up what I think the definition of a foundry / startup studio is https://t.co/1sz5gRqq20 - would love feedback & comments

Boris Mann @bmann
I wrote up what I think the definition of a foundry / startup studio is medium.com/@bmann/what-is… - would love feedback & comments
16 Jul 15:34

Auto-generating a changelog from git history

by kumar303

At Mozilla we share a lot of open source libraries. When you’re using someone else’s library, you might find that an upgrade breaks something in your application — but why? Glancing at the library’s changelog can help. However, manually maintaining a changelog when building features for a library can be a challenge.

We’ve been experimenting with auto-generating a changelog from commit history itself and so far it makes changelogs easy and painless. Here’s how to set it up. These tools require NodeJS so it’s best suited for JavaScript libraries.

First, you need to write commit messages in a way that allows you to extract metadata for a changelog. We use the Angular conventions which specify simple prefixes like feat: for new features and fix: for bug fixes. Here’s an example of a commit message that adds a new feature:

feat: Added a `--timeout` option to the `run` command

Here’s an example of a bug fix:

fix: Fixed `TypeError: runner is undefined` in the `run` command

The nice thing about this convention is that tools such as Greenkeeper, which sends pull requests for dependency updates, already support it.

The first problem with this is a social one; all your contributors need to follow the convention. We chose to solve this with automation by making the tests fail if they don’t follow the conventions 🙂 It’s also documented in our CONTRIBUTING.md file. We use the conventional-changelog-lint command as part of our continuous integration to trigger a test failure:

conventional-changelog-lint --from master

There was one gotcha in that TravisCI only does a shallow clone which doesn’t create a master branch. This will probably be fixed in the linter soon but until then we had to add this to our .travis.yml:

Alright, everybody is writing semantic commits now! We can generate a changelog before each release using the conventional-changelog tool. Since we adopted the Angular conventions, we run it like this before tagging to get the unreleased changes:

conventional-changelog -p angular -u

This scrapes our commit log, ignores merges, ignores chores (such as dependency updates), ignores documentation updates, and makes a Markdown list of features and fixes linked to their git commit. Example:

### Bug fixes
* Fixed `TypeError: runner is undefined` in the `run` command ([abc1abcd](https://github.com/.../))

### Features
* Added a `--timeout` option to the `run` command ([abc1abcd](https://github.com/.../))

As you can see, we also make sure to write commit messages in past tense so that it reads more naturally as a historic changelog. You can always edit the auto-generated changelog to make it more readable though.

The conventional-changelog tool can update a README.md file but, for us, we just paste the Markdown into our github releases so that it shows up next to each release tag.

That’s it! There are a lot of options in the tools to customize linting commits or changelog generation.

The post Auto-generating a changelog from git history appeared first on Mozilla Web Development.

15 Jul 22:33

Another Voice In the Noise

by Ken Ohrn

Many voices in the housing conversation cry in various ways and loudly about the detached single-family home, who’s buying, and how to stop “them”, how to preserve fond memories of washing the Buicks on Saturday morning.  All as if this is both the norm, and an absolute entitlement for any person who chooses to live in Vancouver.

OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA

But there are rising voices of those looking in other directions.

Frances Bula in the Globe and Mail writes about people who support increased density.

Their group, Abundant Housing Vancouver, is an unplanned participant in what has become an almost overnight social movement in dozens of American cities, where advocates have banded together to demand population density, more housing projects and less militant protection of single-family neighbourhoods.

. . . Mr. Dawe and others would like to see municipal councils be brave enough to start allowing denser development in the huge areas of land now set aside for single-family housing.

Danny Oleksiuk, a 31-year-old labour lawyer, said he was motivated to join up when he saw a map showing that 31 per cent of Vancouver’s residents live on 83 per cent of the available land.

“My interest is really in the single-family neighbourhoods, where it’s now a $2-million entry price. There’s a lot of land there and not a lot of people, but it’s illegal to build affordable housing.”


15 Jul 22:33

Recommended on Medium: What is a Startup Foundry?

Future of Venture: Defining the model of product creation and capital investment

Continue reading on Medium »

15 Jul 22:33

Breaking Radio Silence Again

It has been a while since I’ve posted here. I’m thinking I may go back to a daily update for a stretch to keep the blogging muscle limber and trained.

Personal InfoCloud Backlog too

Over on other blog, [http://www.personalinfocloud.com](Personal InfoCloud) I have had a few more recent posts, but I have a very long backlog of content for that space as well. I need to rewrite the intro to the latest post there, [http://www.personalinfocloud.com/blog/2016/6/20/team-roles-needed-for-social-software-projects](Team Roles Needed for Social Software Projects).

I also have a series there called [http://www.personalinfocloud.com/?category=Shift+Happened](Shift Happened) that I have at least 12 most posts that need to get written (edited, or more likely rewritten). The next two in the Shift Happened series are related to UX in enterprise software and services and the subject of Adaption. Both of these subjects could likely have more than one post each. The UX in enterprise needs a grounding / framing piece as many still think of UX as visual design and not things being designed for use (nor all the various roles and domains that make up successful UX design). The Adaption pieces need the framing of complexity and complex adaptive systems to get set as a footing, but also needs to frame how adaption works and enables being comfortable in an ever changing environment that we live in today. As well a focus on Adaptive Road Maps is needed as how one plans in an ever shifting and complex environment is needed when today’s road maps for the next 2 to 5 years are shot to pieces after a quarter or two. Having and maintaining a long focus on where a company or product is headed is really helpful, particularly when needing to understand foundation priorities needed for a long haul in a world were agile practices drive the day-to-day, but those agile practices are incredibly nearsighted and often discourage the long view (I’ve had a lot of work related discussions about this in the last 6 months or so as it is a common deep pain point for many).

Health

A common question is about health after the eColi issue in 2014 to early 2015. My health seems to be good. Getting through last winter’s holiday season had me on edge as I was partially expecting to fall ill again. Thankfully, I stayed healthy.

15 Jul 22:33

Sam Sullivan on civic government

by pricetags

The latest video from Sam:

Canadian cities were established 150 years ago with a very simple structure. Returning to established principles of good government could lead us to reform municipal governance and give us better, healthier cities.

 

Sam provides in-depth historical context, including references to ancient philosophy,  for what is a radical suggestion for our civic government: separate the legislative and judicial functions so that city council would not be deciding on development projects – effectively, he argues, a conflict of interest.   But he would give the mayor more executive functions, as in London, considerably augmenting their powers.

I’m looking forward to videos from Sam on how the provincial government could exercise its powers to address the most urgent issues that affect his constituents: housing and transit.  So far he has remained as quiet as the government he represents.

 


15 Jul 22:33

London Bicycle Festival

by dandy
LonBikFest16.04
London Bicycle Festival drew crowds of young and old to support cycling initiatives in Ontario's fifth largest city. 
With so much attention on Toronto bike news we thought we'd turn our gaze southwest and see how other, smaller cities are moving forward (often faster) than T.O. with cycling.

 London Bicycle Festival
Story and Photos by Molly [Crealock] Miksa
June 26 marked the London Bicycle Festival, put on by the Thames Region Ecological Association (TREA). The event was held at Springbank Gardens, just off London’s beautiful riverside bike path. The festival featured supervised bike parking; face painting and a colouring contest for kids; loads of free information and bike related swag; a Bicycle Fashion Show, bike tune-ups, a water refilling station and more. An enthusiastic group of volunteers were on hand to quiz attendees on their bike knowledge and the rules of the road, and to generally promote cycling and the growing bike community in the Forest City. Notably, there was also a talk by City Councillor Jesse Helmer on London’s new Cycling Master Plan (now in draft form), which the cycling community in London and the group London ON Bikes have been working hard on.
LonBikFest16.06
The itinerary involved both fun and informative things for participants.
LonBikFest16.08 LonBikFest16.25 LonBikFest16.47
Spotted: dandyhorse back issue from summer 2015 with Priya Panda on the cover. LonBikFest16.18
The bicycle fashion show took place on stage.LonBikFest16.09
Volunteers from the Thames Region Ecological Association (TREA).LonBikFest16.30
Overview of London's Cycling Master Plan.LonBikFest16.34
Looks like London has some great cycling initiatives on way. Time to bust out our bikes, hop on a bus and explore beyond the GTA!
Our new issue of dandyhorse has arrived! dandyhorse is available for FREE at Urbane Cyclist, Bikes on Wheels, Cycle Couture, Sweet Pete's, Hoopdriver, Batemans, Velofix, and Steamwhistle. Our new issue of dandyhorse includes cover art by Kent Monkman, interviews with Catherine McKenna and the women behind Toronto's first feminist bike zine, lots of news and views on Bloor, Under Gardiner and the West Toronto Railpath and much, much more! Get dandy at your door or at better bike and book shops in Toronto.
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15 Jul 22:32

Go Greenway!! Go Arbutus!!

by Ken Ohrn

From the City of Vancouver:

July 15 2016 Temporary pathway installation gets under way next week

Arbutus Greenway illustration
The removal of train rails and ties from the Arbutus Corridor was substantially completed this week, ahead of schedule. This paves the way for us to proceed, starting next week, with installation of a temporary asphalt pathway to allow continued use of the space for recreation until construction of the future Arbutus Greenway gets under way.

Canadian Pacific Railway Ltd. (CP) was responsible for all rail removal along the corridor, with the exception of street crossings, as part of our land purchase agreement announced in March 2016. A total of 17 kilometers of rail and 16,000 ties were removed.

We are responsible for removing the rails at street crossings, work which will be completed at a later date.

Construction of the first phase of the pathway

The temporary pathway, which will be shared by pedestrians and those riding bikes or on rollerblades, etc. will be installed in sections; the first phase from Fir Street to 41st Avenue is expected to be complete by the end of summer 2016.

The pathway will eventually extend all the way south from 41st Avenue to Marpole. We will let you know when the pathway is open for recreation use.

Permitted use of the temporary pathway will include walking, cycling, rollerblades, and push scooters. No motorized vehicles or scooters will be allowed.


15 Jul 22:32

Want a Deep Dive on How Silicon Valley's Best Will Fix Education? Here's The Full Interview With Max Ventilla, CEO and Founder, AltSchool

files/images/AAEAAQAAAAAAAAdrAAAAJDRhNTdhODAyLTZmMDEtNGYxMS05ZGFhLTNjNzJiNDNiNTE4Ng.png


John Battelle, LinkedIn, Jul 18, 2016


That moment when things go off the rails: "There was a little bit of an 'Aha' moment, that wait a moment, this thing that I want personally actually calls out for the kind of solution, like a platform solution, a systemic solution, a network solution, that I kind of know how to build, that I’ ve built many times and this team has built many times before." Thanks, Norm.

[Link] [Comment]
15 Jul 22:32

Non-tech reviewer unboxes the ZTE Axon 7

by Ian Hardy

For this unboxing, the MobileSyrup team decided to take a different approach. We asked someone not very well-versed in the world of smartphones to give their first impressions of ZTE’s Axon 7.

Below, Jessica Galang, news editor at our sister site BetaKit, unboxed the ZTE Axon 7 for your viewing pleasure.

“If Kim Kardashian had a phone, this would be the phone she would use!”

The ZTE Axon 7 is now up for pre-order and comes with running Marshmallow, powered by a Qualcomm Snapdragon 820 quad-core processor, 5.5-inch 2560 x 1440 pixel display, 20 megapixel that can captures 4K videos, 8 megapixel front-facing camera, 3250 mAh battery, a fingerprint sensor, and 4GB of RAM. In addition, there is a case included in the box and also a USB Type-C to micor USB connector.

Related reading: ZTE Axon 7 to launch July 27 in Canada

15 Jul 22:31

Following Shaw acquisition, Wind Mobile now has 1 million subscribers

by Jessica Vomiero

In Shaw’s latest earnings report, it becomes abundantly clear that Wind Mobile’s success has weathered an otherwise dismal quarter.

The third quarter earnings and year-to-date report reveals that its recently acquired subsidiary Wind Mobile has passed 1 million wireless subscribers, having achieved 940 thousand when the deal went through back in March.

Wind Mobile acquired its 1 millionth subscriber in May and currently has 1,003,469 subscribers or “revenue generating units.”

Overall, though Shaw’s profit rose 13 percent to $704 million CAD, the parent company lost 8,760 consumer internet accounts compared to an increase of 5,292 at the same time last year. Furthermore, the company lost 27 thousand retail television accounts.

“We continue to make significant progress in our journey to becoming an enhanced connectivity provider. Our third quarter financial and operating results include a full quarter contribution from WIND Mobile (“WIND”), our new wireless division, and we are pleased to confirm that during the quarter we surpassed over 1 million wireless subscribers,” said COO Brad Shaw in a statement.

Researchers speculate that without the acquisition of Wind Mobile, Shaw’s profit would have landed somewhere around 1.4 percent. Shaw has also replaced all its 3G equipment in western Canada with Nokia equipment, allowing them to increase speeds. Wind Mobile is projected to control an LTE network by the end of the 2017 fiscal year.

“We also completed the first critical step in our wireless network upgrade. All 3G equipment in western Canada has now been replaced with Nokia equipment which enables us to increase speeds and throughput as well as put to use an additional 10MHz of AWS-1 spectrum to significantly enhance performance. Our path towards an LTE network is currently underway and we expect to have this completed by the end of fiscal 2017.” continued Shaw.

Shaw sold its media assets to Corus Entertainment for $2.65 billion a few months back and used the proceeds to purchase Wind Mobile for $1.6 billion. Wind was the fourth largest telecom company in Canada. With this shift, Shaw abandoned its presence in media and moved to focus solely on wireless and telecom services.

Related reading: Shaw launches SmartSecurity for small yo mid-sized Canadian businesses

SourceShaw
15 Jul 14:44

QuickCode is the new name for ScraperWiki (the product)

by Francis Irving

Our original browser coding product, ScraperWiki, is being reborn.

We’re pleased to announce it is now called QuickCode.

QuickCode front page

We’ve found that the most popular use for QuickCode is to increase coding skills in numerate staff, while solving operational data problems.

What does that mean? I’ll give two examples.

  1. Department for Communities and Local Government run clubs for statisticians and economists to learn to code Python on QuickCode’s cloud version. They’re doing real projects straight away, such as creating an indicator for availability of self-build land. Read more
  2. Office for National Statistics save time and money using a special QuickCode on-premises environment, with custom libraries to get data from spreadsheets and convert it into the ONS’s internal database format. Their data managers are learning to code simple Python scripts for the first time. Read more

Why the name change? QuickCode isn’t about just scraping any more, and it hasn’t been a wiki for a long time. The new name is to reflect its broader use for easy data science using programming.

We’re proud to see ScraperWiki grow up into an enterprise product, helping organisations get data deep into their soul.

Does your organisation want to build up coding skills, and solve thorny data problems at the same time?

We’d love to hear from you.

15 Jul 14:43

Inner Vision for the Weekend of July 15, 2016

by Gregory Han

Inner Vision is a weekly digest connecting the dots between great everyday objects and the cultures and techniques behind living well with them. Here, we move beyond recommendations and ratings, because just as important as knowing what to buy is knowing what’s possible using the products you’ve purchased.

Bulletproof Scheduling: A bullet journal is a pen-and-paper productivity system that divides the days and weeks into organized checklists listed by activity type and time frame. It’s also an opportunity to distill a week’s worth of activities into beautiful visualizations, especially in the hands of a creative and organized mind operating under the notion that information is beautiful.

Ain’t No Slouch: When a friend in his 20s told me he was exhibiting the telltale signs of carpal tunnel syndrome from long hours working on a laptop, not only did I emphasize the importance of investing in a quality task chair, I also forwarded this video illustrating the dos and don’ts of working while seated. A curious but memorable tip: Keep the letter “G” on the keyboard aligned with the bellybutton.

The Zero-Dust Drilling Technique: Occasionally I’ll discover small anthill mounds of drywall or plaster piled along walls around the house, remnants left after drilling holes into walls to hang artwork, mirrors, or more recently, a projection screen. Next time I’ll add a little shaving cream to the drill bit and just dab away the mess.

A Total Guilt Trip: In some ways our nation’s work habits are like our eating habits: Americans tend to do both in excess—and too often—thoughtlessly. Elizabeth Grace Saunders of the Harvard Business Review proposes weaning ourselves off the obsessive loop that leaves many of us tired and stressed about our work, offering practical strategies and emotional tips to remind us we shouldn’t ever feel guilty about having a life outside of work.

inner-vision-roommate-utopia

Illustrator and author of The Roommate Book, Becky Simpson, captures some of the secondary characteristics that make for a good roommate. (Image used with permission from the artist.)

The Rules of Engagement: A friend recently went into some detail about the trials and tribulations of living with a new roommate—his roomie’s more “easygoing” domestic habits weren’t quite gelling with my friend’s more disciplined ways. I first offered him my sympathetic ear, then forwarded this guide (and a link to our latest pick for best stick vacuums) to help them achieve drama-free cohabitation.

Playlists for Productivity: Remember the scene in The Bourne Identity when our amnesiac hero lists off all the environmental details around him? That’s how I feel any time I walk into a coffee shop or public space and attempt to work. I. Hear. Every. Conversation. So I generally work in silence or listen to a lyrics-free productivity playlist with headphones on. “What’s a productivity playlist?” you ask. It’s a whole utilitarian genre representing the intersection of technology, artistry, and psychology, all curated to help the mind tune in instead of tune out from the task at hand.

Location Disservices: Unless you’ve been living under a rock the last week, you’re probably already aware of the privacy issues revolving around Pokémon Go and Google accounts. But long before anyone began “collecting them all,” the data giant has been gathering data about the sum and particulars of its users by default. Here’s how to turn off those default tracking settings for anyone concerned about privacy on Android or iOS devices.

Heavy Kettle: “Cowboy coffee is to the coffee world what grunge music was to classic rock: they both serve somewhat the same purposes, but one does so while rejecting well-developed systems of process and taste.” Does that make Frappuccinos the Taylor Swift of coffee beverages?

When Negativity Is Positively the Right Answer: There are many times in our lives when what we really want to say is no, but we end up saying yes out of habit and obligation. This acquiescence is counterproductive to accomplishment, or as Steve Jobs once professed, “Focusing is about saying no.”

40 Years of Complete Isolation: This four-part 2012 documentary follows the life of then-81-year-old Faustino Barrientos, a cattle-herding hermit living in isolation on the peninsula of Patagonia. Utterly engrossing from start to finish, the series captivated me with its story of a man purposely living with little companionship—and without compromise.

Got an interesting story, link, resource, or how-to you think we should check out for consideration for our next issue of Inner Vision? Drop us a line with the subject “Inner Vision,” and we’ll take a look!

(Top photo by María Garrido / Flickr via CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)

15 Jul 14:43

One small step for Steph, one giant flap for makerkind

by Steph Burton

I’m Steph, I’m quite new to the Raspberry Pi Foundation, and I’m very new to Raspberry Pis. Until quite recently, any mention of pie to me meant that good food was on the horizon – now my horizons are much broader. I’ve been part of the Programmes Team at Pi Towers for about 3 months, and I’ve only just picked my jaw up from the floor in awe of the creative geniuses around me. The things that I’ve seen are mindboggling and I began to wonder how they were created. Well, there was only one way to find out – make something myself.

Steph and her creation

The smile of a happy maker

The time had come for me to get started in the world of digital making. I’ve always been into arts and crafts, and I love to put my own touch and personality on my possessions; sewing buttons and colourful things on to clothes, revamping drawer knobs, applying découpage to any plain bits of furniture, and taking over the world with my glue gun. However, making something digital from scratch was a daunting prospect! I wasn’t going to let it scare me, though; I’ve dived out of a plane before and landed with a smile on my face.

So, supported by my team and with that ‘Friday feeling’, I took the plunge and transformed into a digital maker for the afternoon. I was presented with a DIY Gamer Kit, from Technology Will Save Us, as my first project. I opened the box of components and loaded up the online instructions, then I had to take a deep breath and compose myself as I read the word ‘solder’. I was very excited that I was going to need to solder, then realised I didn’t know how to do it. Rachel Rayns, my lovely desk buddy, gave me a soldering tutorial; now, I feel like I can solder most metal things in the world. I loved it.

Steph learns to solder

The soldering skills that earned an Instagram marriage proposal.

I continued the rest of my mission on my own, with the incentive of being able to play Snake at the end of it. I worked my way through the kit, identifying all of the digital ingredients and joining them together in the right places. I soldered push buttons, LEDs, a buzzer, resistors, and many other components to a PCB (printed circuit board). I was amazed at how quickly the parts grew into a device that looked very much like a Game Boy, and I was impressed to see how it matched the photo instructions – very useful!

Following the instructions, I added a brain to my device in the form of an Arduino, and an acrylic accessory to the front and back. This was a great way to protect my game; if I’m honest, I may have dropped it a few times whilst fumbling through the engineers’ tool stash. Luckily, nothing fell apart, which was a testament to my new-found soldering skills. After fixing the spacers, nuts and bolts in place, the only thing left to do was to connect a 9v battery to the game, and then run through the office waving it around when it powered up.

I had made the DIY Gamer Kit, and in that moment I wasn’t sure which thing made me smile the most:

  • How quickly I was able to put it together – even though I stopped to admire my work every 5 minutes
  • The fact that I could now play Snake
  • Knowing that, against all odds, I hadn’t burnt myself
  • The idea of going to make something else straight away

Once my smile had shrunk back down to normal size, I was calm enough to think about doing some coding. I’ve been told that code can be used to solve real life problems, and I certainly needed it when I uploaded the game ‘Flappy Bird’ on to my new game machine and couldn’t survive for longer than 2 seconds. My problem was that my bird was flying far too fast to control – it had to be hacked! Again, with the help of Rachel we hacked the game and adapted the code. I was then able to play Flappy Bird at a much more reasonable flying speed. My problems didn’t quite stop here, though, as I continued to fly my bird into wall after wall, ending the game prematurely. We hacked it some more, and now I’ll never see the words ‘Game Over’ again.

Rachel and Steph go through Coding 101

Coding 101

I’ve been inspired to be more of a digital maker, because I enjoyed every minute of my very first project. I hope that others may find the same inspiration from the amount of joy on my face in the picture below. Go forth and make something, and you too could be this happy.

The post One small step for Steph, one giant flap for makerkind appeared first on Raspberry Pi.

15 Jul 14:42

Nintendo – Poke in the eye.

by windsorr

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Apple and Google are the real & investible beneficiaries of Pokemon Go. 

  • Pokemon Go has nearly doubled Nintendo’s market capitalisation in the space of 8 days but I fear that it has all the hallmarks of a craze.
  • Hence, I worry that its appeal will soon die down meaning that it will fail to deliver the revenue and profits that the share price of Nintendo is now discounting.
  • Pokemon Go has come from nowhere to top the charts for both the Apple App Store and Google Play in every country where it has been launched and has become a global phenomenon in just 8 days.
  • Although it is free, Niantic has brilliantly capitalised on the desire to capture the virtual creatures and claim geographic territory, making the game the highest grossing app in every country where it has launched.
  • Consequently, the spreadsheet jockeys are already predicting that this could generate in excess $4bn in revenues per year and see a whole host of follow up products that will keep the revenues rolling.
  • This is where I get nervous because Pokemon Go has all the hallmarks of a craze (remember Crocs) of which most people will soon tire meaning that it could quickly disappear from the charts as fast as it has appeared.
  • Clash of Clans and Candy Crush have topped the app store charts for years and have built up a very solid and long lasting following which makes them far more dependable assets.
  • However, even if I am wrong, and Pokemon Go dominates the charts for a long period of time, how this benefits Nintendo is much less clear.
  • Nintendo does not own this game but owns a 33% stake in the Pokemon company which licensed the rights to Niantic in which I estimate that Nintendo owns a maximum of around 10%.
  • This means that Nintendo will only receive a fraction of revenues that the app generates.
  • If I assume that Pokemon Go generates $4bn in revenues, then Niantic will receive 70% of this or $2.8bn.
  • I estimate that Nintendo might receive $300m in the best instance which, as royalties and dividends, would all flow the bottom line.
  • The problem is that Nintendo’s market capitalisation already increased by $17.4bn valuing this profit stream at 58x.
  • This is way higher than Facebook where I am far more confident that profits will continue growing than I am with Pokemon Go.
  • Furthermore, the real beneficiaries here are Apple and Google.
  • Apple and Google will both receive 30% of all Pokemon Go revenues ($1.2bn in this example) as commission for selling it through their stores, again almost all of which, will fall to the bottom line.
  • These profit streams are both much greater and are being valued at a tiny fraction of what they are at Nintendo and so any investor wanting to load up on this fad should do so through these two companies.
  • Of the two, I prefer Apple as I continue to think that Aphabet’s shares are assuming that all remains well with Android which I fear is not the case.
15 Jul 14:41

Toronto wants to ban pedestrians from using their smartphone while crossing the street [Update: Denied]

by Ian Hardy

Smartphone usage in Canada increased every year since the launch of the original iPhone. While many provinces have banned the use of mobile device while driving, it looks like the City of Toronto wants to take things a step further.

During a city council session yesterday, Councillor Frances Nunziata put forward a motion to ask the province to ban anyone walking within the “travelled portion” of the city, that is its crosswalks, from using their smartphone. This was later changed to all mobile devices, leading the motion to pass with 26-15 votes in favour and with support from Mayor John Tory.

Section 7 of the minutes states, “That City Council request the Minister of Transportation to consider making a regulation under Section 185(1) of the Highway Traffic Act prohibiting pedestrians from actively using a handheld wireless communication device or handheld electronic entertainment device while using on any travelled portion of a roadway.”

Similar to using a mobile device while driving, pedestrians could be fined if caught using any mobile device, such as a smartphone, tablet or gaming console.

Of course, the proposal has a long way to go before it becomes law, and there’s no indication the province will actually listen to the city’s proposal.

It’s also hard to predict whether it will have any meaningful effect on increasing pedestrian and cyclist deaths. Just last week, in the span of 24 hours on Monday, July 4, there were 18 vehicle collisions involving 20 pedestrians and cyclists, resulting in the death of one 73-year-old man. The following day, a cyclist was killed at Christie and Dupont after he hit a parked car, trying to avoid a turning van.

Update: That was fast. Ontario’s Transportation Minister Steven Del Duca has already shot down the request, noting that pedestrians should simply be safe and keep their head up and be aware of the surroundings while crossing the road.

Source Toronto