Sonny Rhim

Author(s): Rachel Berkowitz

Researchers have used an artificial-intelligence tool to reveal long-sought equations that describe small-scale features in 2D turbulent systems.

[Physics 19, s16] Published Tue Feb 10, 2026

Author(s): Yongxin Zeng and Andrew J. Millis

Quantum geometry has been shown to make an important contribution to the superfluid stiffness of flatband superconductors including moiré materials. In this Letter we use mean-field theory to derive an expression for the superfluid stiffness of time-reversal symmetric superconductors at zero tempera…

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 266004] Published Mon Dec 29, 2025

Nature Nanotechnology, Published online: 16 October 2025; doi:10.1038/s41565-025-02024-w

In a hybrid superconductor–ferromagnet device, the dynamic stray fields of current-driven vortices unidirectionally excite coherent short-wavelength magnons.

arXiv:2504.04694v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Achieving altermagnetism (AM) in two-dimensional materials is crucial for advancing the development of novel spintronic devices. This study introduces an innovative strategy to realize AM in monolayer materials by adsorbing non-magnetic $sp$ impurity atoms to construct planar bridges. Using holey graphyne (HGY) as the research object, first-principles calculations reveal that B and S impurity atoms can modulate the local electronic structure and trigger a superexchange mechanism, inducing a collinear compensated antiferromagnetic ground state with pronounced altermagnetic properties. Among these, the B adsorption system exhibits the best magnetic performance, with a N$\rm \acute{e}$el temperature reaching approximately 210 K. This work offers a flexible and effective strategy to achieve AM in single-atomic-layer materials and $p$-electron systems.

Author(s): Ola Kenji Forslund, Xiaoxiong Liu, Soohyeon Shin, Chun Lin, Masafumi Horio, Qisi Wang, Kevin Kramer, Saumya Mukherjee, Timur Kim, Cephise Cacho, Chennan Wang, Tian Shang, Victor Ukleev, Jonathan S. White, Pascal Puphal, Yasmine Sassa, Ekaterina Pomjakushina, Titus Neupert, and Johan Chang

A signal similar to that produced by the anomalous Hall effect arises in topological materials, but without also exhibiting spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking.

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 126602] Published Mon Mar 24, 2025

arXiv:2407.10584v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Alternative magnetic materials or ``altermagnets", characterized by their non-relativistic, momentum-dependent spin-split states, represent a cutting-edge advancement in the field of magnetism, offering promising avenues for spintronic applications. Among these materials, hexagonal MnTe has emerged as a standout material candidate for its substantial spin-splitting. In this study, employing first-principles electronic structure calculations and spin group symmetry analysis, we delve into the interplay of altermagnetism and pressure in two main phases of MnTe. Our relativistic calculations demonstrate the presence of tunable anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in hexagonal MnTe. In addition, our results underscore the pivotal role of pressure as a tuning parameter for the alternative magnetic traits in the system. Furthermore, we identify another phase of MnTe with orthorhombic structure, namely $\gamma$-MnTe, hosting altermagnetic characteristics. We study, in detail, its response in AHE and spin-spliting due to magnetization and pressure variations, respectively. Our study highlights the substantial impact of pressure on the properties of alternative magnetic materials, particularly emphasizing the pronounced tuning effect observed in the hexagonal and orthorhombic MnTe.

Nature, Published online: 01 November 2024; doi:10.1038/d41586-024-03543-7

Decline and fall.

Author(s): Hongjiang Li, Long Zhao, Xiangdong Ding, Hongxiang Zong, Turab Lookman, and Jun Sun

In β-Zr alloys, the mechanism of ω phase formation and its interaction with deformation twinning remain subjects of debate, particularly under high strain-rate loading. In this paper, we investigate the β → ω phase transformation in shock loaded Zr-10Nb (at. %) single crystals using molecular dynami…

[Phys. Rev. B 110, 134105] Published Tue Oct 15, 2024

arXiv:2406.07351v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Density functional theory (DFT) is a powerful tool for quantum-mechanical calculations, but practical calculations suffer systematic errors like incorrect charge densities and total energies in molecular dissociation, underestimated band gaps in bulk materials, and poor energy level alignment at interfaces. These problems are due to delocalization error. The localized orbital scaling correction (LOSC) removes delocalization error in molecules effectively, but screening of the Hartree-exchange-correlation response is necessary to correct it in materials. We introduce LOSC with system-dependent linear-response screening (lrLOSC), which effectively corrects delocalization error in semiconductors and insulators. After correcting for electron-phonon effects, the band gaps of eleven test systems are predicted with a mean absolute error of 0.28 eV, comparable to self-consistent $GW$. This method represents a significant step forward in correcting densities and total energies across system sizes and solving the band gap and energy level alignment problems entirely within the DFT framework.

Nature, Published online: 08 March 2024; doi:10.1038/d41586-024-00652-1

Batteries that store photons in atoms or molecules could retain their efficiency with wireless charging.

Author(s): Niladri Banerjee and Jason W. A. Robinson

A quantum phase of matter detected in an iron-based superconductor could host Majorana zero modes—quasiparticles that may serve as building blocks for future quantum computers.

[Physics 16, 47] Published Mon Mar 27, 2023

Author(s): Jens Schulenborg, Svend Krøjer, Michele Burrello, Martin Leijnse, and Karsten Flensberg

Reading out the parity degree of freedom of Majorana bound states is key to demonstrating their non-Abelian exchange properties. Here, we present a low-energy model describing localized edge states in a two-arm device. We study parity-to-charge conversion based on coupling the superconductor bound s…

[Phys. Rev. B 107, L121401] Published Fri Mar 03, 2023

Author(s): Hisashi Kotegawa, Toshiaki Uga, Hideki Tou, Eiichi Matsuoka, and Hitoshi Sugawara

Cubic CeZn shows a structural phase transition under pressure and it modifies the ground state from an antiferromagnetic (AFM) state to a ferromagnetic (FM) state. To investigate how the FM state terminates at a quantum phase transition, we measured the electrical resistivity under pressure for a si…

[Phys. Rev. B 106, L180405] Published Wed Nov 23, 2022

Nature Reviews Physics, Published online: 21 November 2022; doi:10.1038/s42254-022-00540-5

Matthew Horton introduces pymatgen, a free and open source code that can be used for materials screenings.

Author(s): Osakpolor Eki Obakpolor and Pavan Hosur

Weyl semimetals famously host a surface topological metal containing open Fermi arcs instead of closed Fermi surfaces. Here, the authors predict another surface feature, Luttinger arcs, that form closed loops with the Fermi arcs in undoped Weyl semimetals. Luttinger arcs are common, albeit experimentally inaccessible, for strongly interacting electrons. Here, they occur even without interactions and switch places with Fermi arcs for different surface terminations – a property the authors exploit to pinpoint Luttinger arcs for Co and Sn terminations in Co3Sn2S2.

[Phys. Rev. B 106, L081112] Published Mon Aug 15, 2022

Author(s): Pablo Aguado-Puente and Piotr Chudzinski

One of the key issues in the physics of topological insulators is whether the topologically nontrivial properties survive at finite temperatures and, if so, whether they disappear only at the temperature of topological gap closing. Here, we study this problem, using quantum fidelity as a measure, by…

[Phys. Rev. B 106, L081103] Published Fri Aug 05, 2022

Author(s): Rachel Berkowitz

More frequencies of light can pass between two coupled wavy waveguides than between two coupled straight ones, something that could allow for more flexible designs of optics-based circuits on silicon chips.

[Physics 15, s100] Published Tue Jul 26, 2022

Author(s): Fernando Ajejas, Yanis Sassi, William Legrand, Sophie Collin, Jose Peña Garcia, André Thiaville, Stefania Pizzini, Nicolas Reyren, Vincent Cros, and Albert Fert

The actual mechanisms occurring at interfaces underlying the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) remain a question in nanomagnetism. In this study, we investigate the origin of the interfacial DMI, aiming at estimating how independent the DMI contributions of the two interfaces of a FM layer are…

[Phys. Rev. Materials 6, L071401] Published Tue Jul 05, 2022

Author(s): Peize Ding, Ching Hua Lee, Xianxin Wu, and Ronny Thomale

Layered kagome metals AV3Sb5 (A=K,Rb,Cs) exhibit diverse correlated electron phenomena. They include charge density wave formation and superconductivity, the pairing symmetry of which, however, is controversial due to contradictory experimental evidence. Through calculations based on real-space latt…

[Phys. Rev. B 105, 174518] Published Thu May 26, 2022

Author(s): Bo-Yao Wang, Jing-Yu Ning, Tzu-Hsin Li, Chun-Chieh Chung, Chun-Yao Hsu, Ming-Shian Tsai, Tzu-Hung Chuang, and Der-Hsin Wei

Ferromagnetic (FM) films with higher magnetic moment density typically exhibit sizable in-plane magnetic anisotropy as a result of strong dipolar interactions, which hinder their application in state-of-the-art perpendicularly based magnetic devices. This study reports the effects of triggering the …

[Phys. Rev. B 105, 184415] Published Fri May 13, 2022

Harmonic analysis is a powerful tool to characterize and quantify current-induced torques acting on magnetic materials, but so far it remains an open question in studying antiferromagnets. Here we formulate a general theory of harmonic Hall responses of collinear antiferromagnets driven by current-induced torques including both field-like and damping-like components. By scanning a magnetic field of variable strength in three orthogonal planes, we are able to distinguish the contributions from field-like torque, damping-like torque, and concomitant thermal effects by analyzing the second harmonic signals in the Hall voltage. The analytical expressions of the first and second harmonics as functions of the magnetic field direction and strength are confirmed by numerical simulations with good agreement. We demonstrate our predictions in two prototype antiferromagnets, $\alpha-$Fe$_{2}$O$_{3}$ and NiO, providing direct and general guidance to current and future experiments.

Nature Nanotechnology, Published online: 11 April 2022; doi:10.1038/s41565-022-01089-1

A preclinical study reports a platform for the generation of dendritic cell-derived nanovesicles with enhanced immunostimulatory function, which demonstrate promising antitumoural activity in mouse models and might overcome some of the shortcomings of early-generation dendritic cell nanovaccines.

Nature Communications, Published online: 08 April 2022; doi:10.1038/s41467-022-29545-5

Tunable coupling between magnetism and the lattice is important for on-demand manipulation of magnetic phases. Here, the authors demonstrate that lattice vibrations can coherently modulate the interlayer magnetic exchange coupling in the magnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4.

Machine learning (ML) models utilizing structure-based features provide an efficient means for accurate property predictions across diverse chemical spaces. However, obtaining equilibrium crystal structures typically requires expensive density functional theory (DFT) calculations, which limits ML-based exploration to either known crystals or a small number of hypothetical crystals. Here, we demonstrate that the application of Bayesian optimization with symmetry constraints using a graph deep learning energy model can be used to perform "DFT-free" relaxations of crystal structures. Using this approach to significantly improve the accuracy of ML-predicted formation energies and elastic moduli of hypothetical crystals, two novel ultra-incompressible hard materials MoWC2 (P63/mmc) and ReWB (Pca21) were identified and successfully synthesized via in-situ reactive spark plasma sintering from a screening of 399,960 transition metal borides and carbides. This work addresses a critical bottleneck to accurate property predictions for hypothetical materials, paving the way to ML-accelerated discovery of new materials with exceptional properties.

Author(s): J. Settino, N. Lo Gullo, F. Plastina, and A. Minguzzi

The single-particle spectral function of a strongly correlated system is an essential ingredient to describe its dynamics and transport properties. We develop a method to evaluate exactly the spectral function for a gas of one-dimensional bosons with infinitely strong repulsions valid for any type o...

[Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 065301] Published Tue Feb 09, 2021

Nature, Published online: 24 November 2020; doi:10.1038/d41586-020-03291-4

COVID-19: students caught in Pakistan’s digital divide

Author(s): Maria Teresa Mercaldo, Paolo Solinas, Francesco Giazotto, and Mario Cuoco

We investigate the physical mechanisms for achieving an electrical control of conventional spin-singlet superconductivity in thin films by focusing on the role of surface orbital polarization. Assuming a multiorbital description of the metallic state, due to screening effects the electric field acts...

[Phys. Rev. Applied 14, 034041] Published Tue Sep 15, 2020

Author(s): Fatemeh Nematollahi, S. Azar Oliaei Motlagh, Jhih-Sheng Wu, Rupesh Ghimire, Vadym Apalkov, and Mark I. Stockman

We study theoretically the ultrafast electron dynamics of three-dimensional Weyl semimetals in the field of a laser pulse. For a circularly polarized pulse, such dynamics is governed by topological resonance, which manifests itself as a specific conduction band population distribution in the vicinit...

[Phys. Rev. B 102, 125413] Published Wed Sep 09, 2020

Author(s): Masaki Imai, Hiroyuki Chudo, Mamoru Matsuo, Sadamichi Maekawa, and Eiji Saitoh

In a certain kind of ferrimagnets, the net spin angular momentum in the magnet vanishes at a certain temperature, called the angular momentum compensation temperature (TA). The angular momentum compensation is key for high-speed magnetic devices because the magnetization can be swiftly switched due to no inertia of the spin angular momentum accompanied by the magnetic moment. Here, the authors have discovered that the NMR signal is enhanced at TA due to the enhancement of the domain wall mobility. This discovery paves the way to exploring new materials possessing the angular momentum compensation.

[Phys. Rev. B 102, 014407] Published Mon Jul 06, 2020

Nature Physics, Published online: 25 May 2020; doi:10.1038/s41567-020-0910-0

A careful study of quantum oscillations of single crystals of the cuprate superconductor YBCO placed under a magnetic field reveals a sawtooth behaviour that is reminiscent of two-dimensional electronic systems—in turn suggesting the existence of a so-called ‘hard antinodal gap’ in this system.