Shared posts

28 Sep 12:50

🧬 AntibiorĂ©sistance: un dĂ©sastre mondial annoncĂ© pour 2050

by Cédric DEPOND
La résistance aux antibiotiques inquiÚte de plus en plus. Les experts estiment que d'ici 2050, des dizaines de millions de vies seront en danger. Le constat est alarmant: les bactéries semblent...
27 Sep 07:48

Yves Saint Laurent Beauté lance un pop up immersif en plein coeur de Paris

by AnaĂŻs Clavell
La maison de beautĂ© inaugure aujourd’hui un espace exclusif Ă  la CanopĂ©e du Forum des Halles Ă  Paris. Photobooth, machine Ă  grappin, miroirs infinis
 Une promenade immersive Ă  la dĂ©couverte de ses deux nouveaux parfums : Libre Flowers & Flames et MYSLF.
27 Sep 07:42

Supraconducteur : dossier complet sur ce matériau

by Kevunie R.

Le supraconducteur a rĂ©volutionnĂ© les secteurs de l’énergie et des transports en favorisant l’émergence de technologies de pointe. Continuez Ă  lire pour en savoir plus sur ce dernier.

Au 20e siĂšcle, les physiciens ont dĂ©vĂ©loppĂ© de nouvelles mĂ©thodes pour refroidir les matĂ©riaux Ă  une tempĂ©rature nulle. Ainsi, ils ont commencĂ© Ă  enquĂȘter sur certains Ă©lĂ©ments pour savoir comment l’électricitĂ© va ĂȘtre modifiĂ©e dans diverses conditions. Ces chercheurs ont alors dĂ©couvert le mĂȘme comportement dans plusieurs composĂ©s, comme les cĂ©ramiques et les nanotubes de carbone. Cet article prĂ©sente une vue d’ensemble du supraconducteur.

Qu’est-ce qu’un supraconducteur ?

Le terme supraconducteur dĂ©signe un matĂ©riau capable de conduire l’électricitĂ© sans rĂ©sistance. Dans la plupart des cas, les Ă©lĂ©ments mĂ©talliques prĂ©sentent une certaine rĂ©sistance Ă  tempĂ©rature ambiante. En sachant que cette rĂ©sistance se rĂ©duit Ă  une tempĂ©rature appelĂ©e tempĂ©rature critique.

Le passage des Ă©lectrons d’un atome Ă  l’autre se fait frĂ©quemment Ă  l’aide de certains matĂ©riaux aprĂšs avoir atteint la tempĂ©rature critique. Ces derniers s’appellent donc des matĂ©riaux supraconducteurs. 

Ils servent notamment dans de nombreux domaines tels que la visualisation par résonance magnétique et les sciences médicales. Cependant, la plupart des matériaux disponibles sur le marché ne constituent pas des supraconducteurs. 

En fait, ces derniers nĂ©cessitent un Ă©tat d’énergie trĂšs faible pour se transformer en produits supraconducteurs. Actuellement, la recherche se concentre sur le dĂ©veloppement de molĂ©cules qui peuvent se transformer en supraconducteurs Ă  haute tempĂ©rature.

Matériaux de supraconductivité

Il existe un grand nombre de matĂ©riaux, dont certains constituent des supraconducteurs. Ces matĂ©riaux supraconducteurs peuvent transporter des Ă©lectrons sans rĂ©sistance, et donc ne libĂ©rer aucune chaleur, aucun son ou autre forme d’énergie. 

La supraconductivitĂ© se produit Ă  la tempĂ©rature critique d’un matĂ©riau spĂ©cifique (T c). Lorsque la tempĂ©rature diminue, la rĂ©sistance d’un matĂ©riau supraconducteur rĂ©duit progressivement jusqu’à ce qu’il atteigne une tempĂ©rature critique. À ce stade, la rĂ©sistance chute, souvent Ă  zĂ©ro, comme le montre le graphique Ă  droite.

À l’exception du mercure, les supraconducteurs originaux comprennent des mĂ©taux, des cĂ©ramiques, des matĂ©riaux organiques. 

Cas d’utilisation des supraconducteurs

Les supraconducteurs peuvent ĂȘtre utilisĂ©s dans les gĂ©nĂ©rateurs, les accĂ©lĂ©rateurs de particules, les transports, les moteurs Ă©lectriques, l’informatique, le mĂ©dical, la transmission d’énergie, etc.

Ils servent principalement Ă  crĂ©er des Ă©lectroaimants puissants dans les scanners IRM. Ils permettent donc de sĂ©parer les matĂ©riaux magnĂ©tiques et non magnĂ©tiques. En outre, ils aident Ă  transmettre de l’énergie sur de longues distances

Types de supraconducteurs

Il existe deux types de supraconducteurs : le type I et le type II.

Supraconducteur de type I

Ce type comprend des piÚces conductrices de base utilisées dans différents domaines, allant du cùblage électrique aux puces électroniques des ordinateurs. Il perd leur supraconductivité de façon trÚs simple en se plaçant dans un champ magnétique critique (Hc). 

AprĂšs cela, il ressemble Ă  un conducteur. À cause de cette perte de supraconductivitĂ©, on appelle Ă©galement ces types de semi-conducteurs « supraconducteurs mous ». Ils obĂ©issent complĂštement Ă  l’effet Meissner. Parmi les exemples figurent le zinc et l’aluminium.

zinc - supraconducteur

Supraconducteur de type II

Le type II se caractérise par une perte lente de la supraconductivité, mais pas facilement, car il se trouve dans un champ magnétique externe. Lorsque ce semi-conducteur se trouve dans un champ magnétique, il perd peu à peu sa supraconductivité.

Cette classe de semi-conducteurs commence Ă  rĂ©duire sa supraconductivitĂ© en prĂ©sence d’un champ magnĂ©tique plus faible. Cependant, elle disparaĂźt complĂštement en prĂ©sence d’un champ magnĂ©tique critique plus Ă©levĂ©. La condition entre le champ magnĂ©tique critique infĂ©rieur et supĂ©rieur se qualifie d’état intermĂ©diaire ou de vortex.

AppelĂ© supraconducteur dur, ce catĂ©goriel s’affaiblit lentement, mais pas simplement, en perdant sa supraconductivitĂ©. Ces semi-conducteurs obĂ©issent Ă  l’effet Meissner, mais pas complĂštement. Les meilleurs exemples sont NbN et Babi3. Il est possible de fabriquer des aimants supraconducteurs Ă  haut champ Ă  partir de ces supraconducteurs.

Propriétés du supraconducteur

Les matériaux supraconducteurs présentent des propriétés étonnantes qui sont essentielles pour la technologie actuelle. La recherche sur ces propriétés est toujours en cours pour reconnaßtre et utiliser ces propriétés dans divers domaines énumérés ci-dessous.

  • ConductivitĂ© infinie/rĂ©sistance Ă©lectrique nulle
  • Effet Meissner
  • TempĂ©rature de transition/tempĂ©rature critique
  • Courants Josephson
  • Courant critique
  • Courants persistants
  • ConductivitĂ© infinie/rĂ©sistance Ă©lectrique nulle

Dans la condition supraconductrice, le matĂ©riau supraconducteur illustre la rĂ©sistance Ă©lectrique nulle. Lorsqu’il est refroidi sous sa tempĂ©rature de transition, sa rĂ©sistance sera soudainement rĂ©duite Ă  zĂ©ro. 

Effet Meissner

Supraconducteur

Refroidi sous la tempĂ©rature critique, le supraconducteur ne permet pas au champ magnĂ©tique de le traverser. L’on connaĂźt cet Ă©vĂ©nement sous le nom d' »effet Meissner ».

Température de transition ou température critique

Quand la tempĂ©rature critique d’un matĂ©riau supraconducteur change l’état conducteur de normal Ă  supraconducteur.

Courant Josephson

Si les deux supraconducteurs sont fragmentĂ©s Ă  l’aide d’un film mince en matĂ©riau isolant, il forme une jonction de faible rĂ©sistance pour fonder les Ă©lectrons avec une paire de cuivre. Il peut creuser un tunnel d’une surface de la jonction Ă  l’autre surface. Ainsi, l’on connaĂźt le courant dĂ» au flux de paires de tonneliers sous le nom de courant Josephson.

Courant critique

Lorsque le courant est fourni Ă  travers un conducteur dans des conditions supraconductrices, un champ magnĂ©tique peut ĂȘtre dĂ©veloppĂ©. Si le flux de courant augmente au-delĂ  d’un certain taux alors il est possible d’augmenter le champ magnĂ©tique.

Ce qui Ă©quivaut Ă  la valeur critique du conducteur Ă  laquelle celui-ci revient Ă  son Ă©tat habituel. L’on connaĂźt le flux de la valeur actuelle comme le courant critique.

Courants persistants

Si un anneau supraconducteur se situe dans un champ magnĂ©tique au-dessus de sa tempĂ©rature critique, refroidir actuellement l’anneau supraconducteur en dessous de sa tempĂ©rature critique. Si nous Ă©liminons ce champ, alors le flux de courant peut ĂȘtre induit Ă  l’intĂ©rieur de l’anneau en raison de son auto-inductance. 

D’aprĂšs la loi de Lenz, le courant induit s’oppose Ă  la variation du flux qui traverse l’anneau. Lorsque l’anneau est placĂ© dans une condition supraconductrice, le flux de courant sera induit pour continuer le flux de courant est nommĂ© courant persistant. Ce courant gĂ©nĂšre un flux magnĂ©tique pour faire circuler le flux Ă  travers l’anneau constant.

Quelle est la différence entre le semi-conducteur et le supraconducteur ?

La diffĂ©rence clĂ© entre semi-conducteur et supraconducteur rĂ©side dans le fait que les semi-conducteurs ont une conductivitĂ© Ă©lectrique. Cette derniĂšre est comprise entre la conductivitĂ© d’un conducteur et celle d’un isolant. 

Tandis que les supraconducteurs ont une conductivitĂ© Ă©lectrique supĂ©rieure Ă  celle du conducteur. De plus, la bande interdite d’un semi-conducteur se trouve entre 0,25 et 2,5 eV alors que celle d’un supraconducteur est supĂ©rieure Ă  2,5 eV.

Les semi-conducteurs constituent des matĂ©riaux solides dotĂ©s de propriĂ©tĂ©s Ă©lectriques particuliĂšres qui permettent de contrĂŽler le flux d’électricitĂ© Ă  travers le matĂ©riau. La conductivitĂ© peut ĂȘtre rĂ©glĂ©e de façon permanente ou modifiĂ©e selon les besoins d’un dispositif. Tous les dispositifs Ă©lectriques modernes contiennent des semi-conducteurs. 

Les supraconducteurs se composent des matĂ©riaux mĂ©talliques capables de conduire « purement » l’électricitĂ© Ă  des tempĂ©ratures extrĂȘmes. En d’autres termes, Ă  des tempĂ©ratures spĂ©cifiques, ils offrent une rĂ©sistance nulle Ă  un courant Ă©lectrique. De nombreux matĂ©riaux prĂ©sentent des propriĂ©tĂ©s supraconductrices Ă  certaines tempĂ©ratures. 

Parmi les supraconducteurs les plus courants figurent l’étain, l’aluminium, l’azote, le mercure, le plomb, le zinc, l’hĂ©lium, l’uranium et le titane. La tempĂ©rature Ă  laquelle les matĂ©riaux supraconducteurs prĂ©sentent une rĂ©sistance Ă©lectrique nulle varie selon les matĂ©riaux. 

Supraconducteur : top 4 des startups dans ce domaine

Comme il existe un grand nombre de startups travaillant sur une grande variĂ©tĂ© de solutions, cette partie jette un coup d’Ɠil Ă  4 start-up prometteuses dans le domaine des supraconducteurs.

Anyon Systems – des Ordinateurs quantiques clĂ©s en main

Le domaine de l’informatique quantique existe depuis les annĂ©es 1980. Il utilise les propriĂ©tĂ©s des circuits supraconducteurs et des mĂ©taux pour traiter de grandes quantitĂ©s de donnĂ©es. D’ailleurs, ces derniers permettent d’analyser des algorithmes sophistiquĂ©s dans un temps nettement plus court.

Contrairement Ă  d’autres innovations technologiques dans le domaine de l’informatique, le coĂ»t d’entrĂ©e Ă©levĂ© a ralenti son dĂ©veloppement. Les entreprises et les startups s’efforcent dĂ©sormais de rendre cette technologie plus accessible Ă  la recherche et aux dĂ©veloppements commerciaux et universitaires.

La startup canadienne Anyon Systems fabrique des ordinateurs quantiques supraconducteurs clĂ©s en main. Leur solution permet aux chercheurs et dĂ©veloppeurs d’accĂ©der Ă  une technologie qui Ă©tait considĂ©rĂ©e comme hors de portĂ©e, soit en raison de coĂ»ts Ă©levĂ©s ou de complexitĂ©.

Au fur et Ă  mesure que l’accent passe du matĂ©riel au logiciel, le dĂ©veloppement d’algorithmes plus efficaces se traduira par des avantages pour plusieurs autres innovations industrielles.

Epoch Wires – Fils supraconducteurs

La rĂ©sistance des cĂąbles, des aimants et des champs magnĂ©tiques affecte gĂ©nĂ©ralement le flux d’énergie dans tout systĂšme Ă©lectrique et, par consĂ©quent, rĂ©duit l’efficacitĂ© Ă©nergĂ©tique. L’utilisation de matĂ©riaux supraconducteurs, en particulier de fils, contribue Ă  rĂ©duire la rĂ©sistance des systĂšmes Ă©lectriques et facilite un transfert d’énergie plus efficace.

La sociĂ©tĂ© britannique Epoch Wires fabrique des fils supraconducteurs brevetĂ©s. Leur processus de production permet la crĂ©ation de fils supraconducteurs en diborure de magnĂ©sium (MgB2) Ă  faible coĂ»t et de longue durĂ©e. Ils ont le potentiel de fournir une supraconductivitĂ© Ă  des tempĂ©ratures de 40 K (-233 °C) pour l’imagerie par rĂ©sonance magnĂ©tique et les applications de puissance.

Circuits de Delft – Circuits supraconducteurs

La productivité des systÚmes informatiques dépend généralement des propriétés électriques de leurs composants. Cela devient généralement un facteur limitant important pour les ordinateurs quantiques.

L’utilisation de circuits supraconducteurs contribue au dĂ©veloppement d’applications et d’industries de calcul intensif de nouvelle gĂ©nĂ©ration. C’est pourquoi les fabricants se tournent vers les innovations technologiques pour amĂ©liorer le processus de production de ces circuits.

La startup néerlandaise Delft Circuits est un fournisseur de solutions matérielles pour les applications de calcul intensif. Ils fabriquent des cùbles pour des applications cryogéniques et à conductance thermique ultra-faible en utilisant des circuits supraconducteurs sur un substrat flexible.

Leurs solutions sont idĂ©ales pour utiliser diverses techniques d’apprentissage automatique, d’intelligence artificielle (IA) et de communication quantique.

Seeqc — Systùme sur puce (SOC)

System-On-Chip rĂ©sout le dĂ©fi d’intĂ©grer plusieurs composants d’un ordinateur ou d’un systĂšme Ă©lectronique dans une seule puce. Cela fonctionne bien pour les systĂšmes conventionnels. Toutefois, la mĂȘme conception intĂ©grĂ©e ne devrait pas ĂȘtre appliquĂ©e aux puces informatiques quantiques. En effet, le coĂ»t et la complexitĂ© des systĂšmes informatiques quantiques sont considĂ©rablement plus Ă©levĂ©s.

La startup amĂ©ricaine Seeqc dĂ©veloppe des systĂšmes informatiques sur puce brevetĂ©e Single Flux Quantum (SFQ) avec une logique classique de contrĂŽle qubit. Ces systĂšmes sont par ailleurs conçus pour les systĂšmes supraconducteurs, tels que les environnements cryo-refroidis que l’on trouve dans les ordinateurs quantiques.

Autres acteurs clés dans le domaine des supraconducteurs

Le secteur des supraconducteurs, en constante Ă©volution, continue d’attirer des startups innovantes qui repoussent les frontiĂšres de la technologie. Snowcap Compute a rĂ©cemment levĂ© 23 millions de dollars pour le dĂ©veloppement de puces d’IA supraconductrices. Leur technologie vise Ă  exploiter les propriĂ©tĂ©s des supraconducteurs pour rendre l’informatique plus rapide et plus efficace, notamment dans les domaines de l’intelligence artificielle et de l’apprentissage automatique.

Ensuite, IsentroniQ est Ă  l’avant-garde de l’informatique quantique avec sa fabrication de processeurs supraconducteurs Ă  grande Ă©chelle. La sociĂ©tĂ© travaille sur des puces quantiques qui utilisent des circuits supraconducteurs pour rĂ©aliser des calculs plus rapides et complexes, ce qui pourrait transformer des industries comme la finance, la chimie et la modĂ©lisation molĂ©culaire.

Quant Ă  Quantum Materials Corp, cette startup se distingue par sa recherche avancĂ©e sur des matĂ©riaux supraconducteurs Ă  haute tempĂ©rature, particuliĂšrement dans le domaine des applications cryogĂ©niques. Ils se concentrent sur la rĂ©duction des coĂ»ts de production et l’amĂ©lioration des propriĂ©tĂ©s des supraconducteurs pour les rendre plus accessibles Ă  des applications industrielles Ă  grande Ă©chelle.

Enfin, Princeton Supraconductor Technologies dĂ©veloppe des aimants supraconducteurs utilisĂ©s dans les accĂ©lĂ©rateurs de particules et les IRM. Leur approche innovante permet de crĂ©er des systĂšmes supraconducteurs plus puissants et plus efficaces, avec des applications potentielles dans la mĂ©decine, la recherche et l’énergie.

Supraconducteurs et informatique quantique

Les supraconducteurs jouent un rĂŽle fondamental dans le dĂ©veloppement de l’informatique quantique, un domaine en plein essor qui promet de rĂ©volutionner le traitement de l’information. GrĂące Ă  leur capacitĂ© Ă  conduire l’électricitĂ© sans rĂ©sistance et Ă  maintenir des courants Ă©lectriques stables sans dissipation d’énergie, les supraconducteurs sont idĂ©aux pour crĂ©er des qubits — l’unitĂ© fondamentale de l’information quantique. Contrairement aux bits classiques, les qubits peuvent exister dans plusieurs Ă©tats simultanĂ©ment grĂące au phĂ©nomĂšne de superposition quantique, ce qui permet des calculs beaucoup plus rapides et complexes.

Les circuits supraconducteurs, en particulier les jonctions Josephson, sont utilisĂ©s pour fabriquer des qubits robustes et contrĂŽlables. Ces jonctions permettent aux qubits de changer d’état de maniĂšre contrĂŽlĂ©e, tout en minimisant les interfĂ©rences et la dĂ©cohĂ©rence, deux problĂšmes majeurs dans les systĂšmes quantiques. Cela permet de dĂ©velopper des ordinateurs quantiques plus stables et efficaces.

Les applications des supraconducteurs dans l’informatique quantique s’étendent aux domaines de la cryptographie, de la modĂ©lisation molĂ©culaire, et de l’intelligence artificielle. À long terme, cette technologie pourrait transformer des industries entiĂšres en permettant des calculs d’une ampleur sans prĂ©cĂ©dent, ouvrant la voie Ă  des percĂ©es dans la recherche scientifique, la chimie, et la finance.

Un nouveau supraconducteur intrigue les scientifiques et ravive l’espoir d’une percĂ©e technologique

Un matĂ©riau rĂ©cemment dĂ©couvert suscite un vif intĂ©rĂȘt dans le domaine de la supraconductivitĂ©. GrĂące Ă  des propriĂ©tĂ©s inĂ©dites, cet Ă©lĂ©ment pourrait rapprocher la science d’un objectif ambitieux : un supraconducteur fonctionnant sans conditions extrĂȘmes de tempĂ©rature ou de pression. Ce qui ouvre la voie Ă  une rĂ©volution Ă©nergĂ©tique et technologique.

Les supraconducteurs sont effectivement des matĂ©riaux capables de transporter l’électricitĂ© sans aucune rĂ©sistance. L’objectif Ă©tant d’éliminer toute perte d’énergie. Cependant, leur exploitation reste limitĂ©e, car ils nĂ©cessitent gĂ©nĂ©ralement des tempĂ©ratures extrĂȘmement basses ou des pressions colossales. Ces contraintes empĂȘchent leur intĂ©gration dans des dispositifs du quotidien.

Aux derniĂšres nouvelles, une nouvelle famille de matĂ©riaux, structurĂ©e autour d’atomes spĂ©cifiques, pourrait changer la donne. Des chercheurs ont dĂ©montrĂ© que ces composĂ©s possĂšdent des propriĂ©tĂ©s supraconductrices Ă  des tempĂ©ratures plus Ă©levĂ©es que la moyenne, et surtout, Ă  pression ambiante. Ces rĂ©sultats restent prĂ©liminaires, mais ouvrent des perspectives enthousiasmantes pour l’électronique, les transports et la production d’énergie.

Si ces matĂ©riaux tiennent leurs promesses, ils pourraient marquer un tournant dĂ©cisif dans l’histoire des sciences appliquĂ©es. Ce qui rapproche l’humanitĂ© d’une technologie aux implications rĂ©volutionnaires.

SupraFusion : un pari français pour l’énergie du futur

A l’heure actuelle, la France est en train de lancer un projet ambitieux appelĂ© SupraFusion, menĂ© par le CEA et le CNRS. Son but est d’explorer une technologie prometteuse qui repose sur les supraconducteurs Ă  haute tempĂ©rature, capables de transporter l’électricitĂ© sans aucune perte. Contrairement aux anciens modĂšles, ils fonctionnent Ă  des tempĂ©ratures moins extrĂȘmes. Ce qui les rend plus faciles Ă  utiliser.

Avec un budget de 50 millions d’euros issu du plan France 2030, le projet mobilise 200 chercheurs pour crĂ©er des technologies innovantes. De celles-ci devraient dĂ©boucher des petits rĂ©acteurs nuclĂ©aires Ă  fusion, des rĂ©seaux Ă©lectriques trĂšs efficaces, ou encore des IRM plus puissants. La construction d’un immense Ă©lectro-aimant sera toutefois le cƓur du projet. Ceci, afin de prouver que cette technologie peut fonctionner Ă  grande Ă©chelle.

Pour ce qui est de son implantation, le programme est basĂ© sur le campus Paris-Saclay, un lieu d’innovation regroupant chercheurs, ingĂ©nieurs et entreprises. Dans la rĂ©alisation, il y a un dĂ©fi de taille Ă  relever. Effectivement, les matĂ©riaux sont difficiles Ă  produire, les tempĂ©ratures restent trĂšs basses, et la concurrence internationale est forte.

MalgrĂ© un tel dĂ©fi, d’ici 2032, la France espĂšre devenir un leader mondial dans ce domaine. SupraFusion pourrait ainsi transformer l’énergie, mais Ă©galement la santĂ©, les transports, et contribuer Ă  une planĂšte plus propre.

FAQ sur le supraconducteur

Qu’est-ce qu’un supraconducteur ?

Un supraconducteur est un matĂ©riau qui conduit l’électricitĂ© sans aucune rĂ©sistance lorsqu’il atteint une tempĂ©rature critique spĂ©cifique. Ce phĂ©nomĂšne physique s’accompagne de l’effet Meissner, oĂč le matĂ©riau expulse les champs magnĂ©tiques de son intĂ©rieur.

Quel est le meilleur supraconducteur ?

Les supraconducteurs Ă  haute tempĂ©rature (HTS) Ă  base de cuprates dĂ©tiennent actuellement les records de tempĂ©rature critique. Pour les applications pratiques, l’YBCO (YBa₂Cu₃O₇) reste trĂšs utilisĂ© grĂące Ă  sa tempĂ©rature critique de 93K et sa relative facilitĂ© de fabrication.

Quelles sont les applications de la supraconductivité ?

La supraconductivitĂ© permet la crĂ©ation d’aimants superpuissants pour les IRM mĂ©dicales et les accĂ©lĂ©rateurs de particules. Dans le secteur Ă©nergĂ©tique, les cĂąbles supraconducteurs transmettent l’électricitĂ© sans pertes sur de longues distances. La supraconductivitĂ© sert Ă©galement dans les ordinateurs quantiques et les dĂ©tecteurs ultra-sensibles comme les SQUID qui mesurent des champs magnĂ©tiques infimes.

Quels sont les différents types de supraconducteurs ?

Les supraconducteurs se divisent en deux catĂ©gories principales. Les supraconducteurs de type I incluent principalement des Ă©lĂ©ments purs comme le mercure ou l’aluminium. Les supraconducteurs de type II prĂ©sentent deux champs critiques et maintiennent partiellement leurs propriĂ©tĂ©s sous champs magnĂ©tiques Ă©levĂ©. Cette catĂ©gorie comprend les alliages mĂ©talliques comme le NbTi et les composĂ©s complexes comme les cuprates.

Cet article Supraconducteur : dossier complet sur ce matériau est apparu en premier sur OBJETCONNECTE.COM.

26 Sep 07:32

Meta updates Ray-Ban smart glasses with real-time AI video, reminders, and QR code scanning

by Maxwell Zeff

The Ray-Ban Meta smart glasses got an update with new familiar smartphone features and AI capabilities coming later in 2024.

© 2024 TechCrunch. All rights reserved. For personal use only.

25 Sep 22:24

Meta is giving its metaverse avatars a glow-up

by Jay Peters
A photo from Connect of Meta’s new avatars.
Photo by Jay Peters / The Verge

Meta is overhauling its metaverse avatars, and you’ll be able to use them soon: the new look will be available on October 1st, the company announced at its Connect conference on Wednesday. The new avatars will be available on Meta Horizon OS (its VR operating system), as well as Facebook, Instagram, and Messenger.

Meta’s avatars started out in a rough place, but the company has made steady improvements, and these changes look to build on that. With the upgraded avatars, Meta is going to give users new ways to fine-tune things like eye size, nose shape, and body shapes, Meta’s Aigerim Shorman, a VP on the Horizon team, said onstage. That’s thanks in part to a new underlying tech stack, which includes an updated avatar skeleton.

Of course,...

Continue reading


25 Sep 22:14

Meta’s new lightweight AR prototype shows a future beyond bulky VR headsets

by Kyle Orland
The future's so bright, Mark Zuckerberg's gotta wear shades.

Enlarge / The future's so bright, Mark Zuckerberg's gotta wear shades. (credit: Meta)

Thus far, Meta's heavily money-losing Reality Labs division has been primarily focused on bulky virtual reality headsets (and some odd, display-free Ray-Ban branded sunglasses). So when Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg pulled out a 100 g pair of see-through, augmented-reality glasses at this year's Meta Connect keynote, it represented a bit of a new direction for the company.

The prototype Orion AR glasses Zuckerberg showed off today don't mean Meta will be ready to release a pair of consumer AR glasses anytime soon. But the demo represents a new vision for lightweight, wide-ranging, see-through smartglasses that Zuckerberg calls "a glimpse of the future" and "the dream of Reality Labs."

Not your average screen

The core challenge of building a pair of comfortable augmented-reality glasses, Zuckerberg said, is that "they have to be glasses." That means no bulky headset (a la Quest), no wires (a la Apple Vision Pro), and a weight of less than 100 grams (compared to a full 515 g for the Meta Quest 3). While there's a tiny battery and "custom silicon" in those lightweight glasses, Zuckerberg admitted that some processing is done in a "small puck" that connects wirelessly to the glasses themselves.

Read 10 remaining paragraphs | Comments

25 Sep 15:51

California’s new law requires schools to limit phone use

by Umar Shakir
Photo collage of a pixelated student at a desk.
Image: Cath Virginia / The Verge, Getty Images

California Governor Gavin Newsom signed the Phone-Free School Act into law this week, requiring every school district, charter school, and county office of education statewide to implement rules limiting cellphone use by July 1st, 2026. There are exceptions to the rule, including using phones for emergencies or with permission under certain circumstances.

“We know that excessive smartphone use increases anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues — but we have the power to intervene,” said Newsom in a statement.

This comes as other states like New York consider pursuing legislation for a total ban on phones in schools. It’s part of a wave of laws targeting tech-related child safety at the state and national level, including the...

Continue reading


25 Sep 07:56

Puma taps Google Cloud’s Imagen on Vertex AI solution to create immersive digital shopping experiences

by Staff Writer

Puma and Google Cloud have announced an expanded partnership aimed at enhancing the digital shopping experience with generative AI.

Using Imagen 2 on Vertex AI, Puma says it can now create dynamic and personalised product imagery that is improving click-through rates and accelerating the time-to-market for its digital campaigns globally.

It has the ability to generate relevant imagery, such as new background images that are tailored to the product, customer, and region. While the technology is available globally, Imagen on Vertex AI enables marketers in individual Puma regions to tailor content to their specific market needs.

For example, while shopping online, customers from Japan may see a lifestyle shoe worn on the streets of Ginza or a trail running shoe on the foothills of Mt. Fuji.

Beyond image generation, Imagen on Vertex AI also becomes a tool for image editing, aiding Puma content editors with time-consuming editing tasks, such as shadowing, composition and color accuracy, resolution, and product positioning.

Since migrating its e-commerce ecosystem, including Puma.com, to Google Cloud earlier this year, Puma has experienced significant benefits across its online shopping portfolio.

In addition to increasing average order value (AOV) thanks to better personalised content with Google Cloud’s data and AI tools, its retail teams have also reduced the time needed to take products to market, enabling teams to make products shoppable the moment they reach the warehouse.

“At Puma, all product creations always starts with the consumer first in mind and we have the ambition to be as personal as possible in each interaction with our consumers. Google Cloud’s generative AI has allowed us to create an immersive experience that is tailored to each consumer, and we are already seeing the benefits,” says Arne Freundt, CEO at Puma.

Puma will soon explore Imagen 3, Google Cloud’s latest text-to-image model. The sports company also plans to expand the implementation of Google Cloud’s Vertex AI Search for Retail to more subsidiaries to further improve AOV and overall shopper conversion rate.

“Google Cloud is helping companies in every industry improve the customer experience with gen AI powered agents, and our partnership with Puma is an excellent example of this. The creative agent Puma has built with our leading Imagen technology is taking personalisation to a new level - and driving real business results,” says Thomas Kurian, CEO of Google Cloud.

2024 RTIH INNOVATION AWARDS

Gen AI is a key focus area for the sixth edition of the RTIH Innovation Awards, which is now open for entries.

The awards, sponsored by CADS, 3D Cloud, Retail Technology Show 2025, and Business France, celebrate global tech innovation in a fast moving omnichannel world.

It’s free to enter and you can do so across multiple categories.

Key 2024 dates

Friday, 25th October: Award entry deadline 

Tuesday, 29th October: 2024 shortlist revealed

30th October-6th November: Judging days

Thursday, 21st November: Winners announced at the 2024 RTIH Innovation Awards ceremony, to be held at RIBA’s 66 Portland Place HQ in Central London.

24 Sep 22:27

Hacker plants false memories in ChatGPT to steal user data in perpetuity

by Dan Goodin
Hacker plants false memories in ChatGPT to steal user data in perpetuity

Enlarge (credit: Getty Images)

When security researcher Johann Rehberger recently reported a vulnerability in ChatGPT that allowed attackers to store false information and malicious instructions in a user’s long-term memory settings, OpenAI summarily closed the inquiry, labeling the flaw a safety issue, not, technically speaking, a security concern.

So Rehberger did what all good researchers do: He created a proof-of-concept exploit that used the vulnerability to exfiltrate all user input in perpetuity. OpenAI engineers took notice and issued a partial fix earlier this month.

Strolling down memory lane

The vulnerability abused long-term conversation memory, a feature OpenAI began testing in February and made more broadly available in September. Memory with ChatGPT stores information from previous conversations and uses it as context in all future conversations. That way, the LLM can be aware of details such as a user’s age, gender, philosophical beliefs, and pretty much anything else, so those details don’t have to be inputted during each conversation.

Read 6 remaining paragraphs | Comments

24 Sep 08:05

Walmart explores 3D printing as new way to construct retail buildings

by Mitchell Parton

Popularized over the past few years as a unique new way to build homes, 3D concrete printing has now worked its way into retail through one of the largest projects of its kind. Still, the technology has a long way to go before becoming a mainstream method of commercial real estate construction.

Walmart partnered with Colorado-based construction company Alquist 3D this summer to build an almost 8,000-square-foot addition to its store in Athens, Tennessee, space that will be used for online pickup and delivery services. This is the first time the retailer has used 3D-printing technology at this scale and a rare use of the technology in a commercial context. 3D concrete printing, using large robotics pumping out concrete mixtures to construct buildings, has often been explored as a potentially less expensive and faster way to build homes. One of the biggest examples is a new community of 100 3D-printed houses near Austin, Texas, by a robotics startup called Icon.

Founded in 2020, Alquist 3D moved its offices last year from Iowa City, Iowa, to Greeley, Colorado. The company is also working to build homes and modular infrastructure for the city. “We are trying to create capabilities that can make better, greener, stronger, cheaper, faster structures,” Patrick Callahan, CEO of Alquist 3D, told Modern Retail. “Could be anything from commercial buildings to standard real estate to infrastructure, green space elements, you name it.”

Continue reading this article on modernretail.co. Sign up for Modern Retail newsletters to get the latest on the shifting dynamics between retail’s old and new guards.

24 Sep 08:02

Fake AI “podcasters” are reviewing my book and it’s freaking me out

by Kyle Orland
Hey, welcome back to "Talkin'<em>Minesweeper</em>," the podcast where AI hosts discuss a book about <em>Minesweeper</em>!

Enlarge / Hey, welcome back to "Talkin'Minesweeper," the podcast where AI hosts discuss a book about Minesweeper! (credit: Aurich Lawson | Boss Fight Books)

As someone who has been following the growth of generative AI for a while now, I know that the technology can be pretty good (if not quite human-level) at quickly summarizing complex documents into a more digestible form. But I still wasn't prepared for how disarmingly compelling it would be to listen to Google's NotebookLM condense my recent book about Minesweeper into a tight, 12.5-minute, podcast-style conversation between two people who don't exist.

There are still enough notable issues with NotebookLM's audio output to prevent it from fully replacing professional podcasters any time soon. Even so, the podcast-like format is an incredibly engaging and endearing way to take in complex information and points to a much more personable future for generative AI than the dry back-and-forth of a text-based chatbot.

Hey! Listen!

Listen to NotebookLM's 12.5-minute summary of my Minesweeper book using the player above.

Read 17 remaining paragraphs | Comments

24 Sep 07:51

ESP32-C6 WiFi 6 and Bluetooth 5.0 USB-C development board integrates 1.47-inch TFT LCD Display

by Sayantan Nandy
ESP32-C6-LCD-1.47

Waveshare has introduced the ESP32-C6-LCD-1.47 development board powered by an ESP32-C6 RISC-V microcontroller with WiFi 6 and Bluetooth 5 connectivity and equipped with a 1.47-inch display with a 172×320 resolution. With a 4MB flash, an RGB LED, and a microSD card slot for extra storage, this board is suitable for projects that need a compact display, low power consumption, and wireless connectivity such as AIoT applications and human-machine interfaces (HMI).

Earlier this month, we covered the ESP32-S3 USB dongle, another development board from Waveshare designed for HMI applications with the same 1.47-inch display with a 172×320 resolution, but a USB Type-A port instead of the USB-C port found in the model covered today. In the past, we’ve written about other ESP32-based development boards for HMI applications, including the LILYGO T-HMI, ESP32-S3-Touch-LCD-4.3B, and Waveshare’s ESP32-S3 LCD Driver Board supporting both square and round displays. Feel free to check them out if you’re interested.

ESP32-C6 1.47-inch Display

Waveshare ESP32-C6-LCD-1.47 specifications:

  • Wireless MCU – Espressif Systems ESP32-C6FH4
    • MCU cores
      • 32-bit RISC-V core @ 160 MHz
      • 32-bit RISC-V core @ 20 MHz low-power coprocessor can run tasks even when the main system is in a deep sleep state
    • Memory – 512 KB HP SRAM, 16KB LP SRAM
    • Storage – 320KB ROM, 4MB flash
    • Wireless – 2.4GHz WiFi 6 and Bluetooth 5.0 LE
  • Storage – MicroSD card slot
  • Display
    • 1.47-inch TFT LCD
    • Resolution – 172×320 pixels
    • 262K color
    • Display controller – ST7789 display controller
  • USB – 1x USB Type-C port for power, programming, and data
  • Expansion – 2x 9-pin headers
    • 13x GPIO, UART, I2C, PWM
    • 6x ADC pin
    • 5V, 3.3V, GND
  • Misc
    • Built-in RGB LED with clear acrylic sandwich panel
    • Reset and Boot buttons
    • Onboard ceramic antenna
  • Power Supply – 5V via USB Type-C male port regulated by ME6217C33M5G LDO (Onboard 3.3V and 5V Pins can also be used for power)
  • Dimensions – 36.37 x 20.32mm (not including the USB port)

ESP32 C6 1.47 inch display development board points

It supports precise control with features like a flexible clock and multiple power modes, ensuring low power consumption in various scenarios. LVGL, a free and open-source graphics library, offers all the tools needed to create embedded GUIs with simple graphical elements, attractive visual effects, and low memory usage. For more details, including Arduino software setup, library installation, and demo code, visit the Wiki.

ESP32 C6 LCD 1.47 Dev board pinout
ESP32-C6-LCD-1.47 Dev board pinout

The Waveshare ESP32-C6-LCD-1.47 1.47-inch display USB-C development board is available on AliExpress for $13.99 excluding shipping, and you’ll also find it on the Waveshare store for $11.99.

The post ESP32-C6 WiFi 6 and Bluetooth 5.0 USB-C development board integrates 1.47-inch TFT LCD Display appeared first on CNX Software - Embedded Systems News.

23 Sep 13:04

AI – beyond the hype

by Matthew Hempstead

It all seemed so world shaking. In November 2022, ChatGPT shocked the world with its versatility and eerily human-like responses to almost any question. Do you still remember the first time you used it and what you thought?

The rise

‘That’ ChatGPT moment fired the starting gun on an extraordinary period of focus on generative artificial intelligence – a category of technologies that includes the large language models that power Open AI’s flagship consumer product and its competitors. Since then, Mckinsey has estimated that generative AI could add the equivalent of $2.6 trillion to $4.4 trillion to the global economy – each year. And, in June 2024, Nvidia surpassed Microsoft as the world’s most valuable company as its graphics processing units, the key piece of hardware in AI-focused data centres, became the belle of the stock market ball. Hopes and fears for the technology have been so acute that the world’s dignitaries have rubbed shoulders with tech executives at high-level AI summits at the UK’s Bletchley Park and (virtually) in Seoul. 

The fall?

Fast forward to today, however, and it has already become fashionable to see the whole thing as one big hype bubble – and with some cause. In July, The Economist highlighted that despite the AI mania, the technology has had ‘almost no economic impact.’ And, at the end of July, stock markets fell sharply as investors unloaded shares in AI-heavy tech firms, partly driven by uneaseabout the extraordinary levels of capital expenditure these businesses have committed to as they keep pace in the AI race. 

The planetary impact of the accelerating expansion of power-thirsty data centres, which underpin AI, has also added to the souring mood, with Google and Microsoft reporting increases in emissions as a result of AI infrastructure. 

The long term

Is this scepticism ultimately warranted? Betting against AI over the long term would be foolish, especially as the story we are seeing today has played out before. In 1987, economist Robert Solow quipped that that the computer age was everywhere except for the productivity statistics, foreshadowing, almost exactly, some of the arguments of today’s AI bears. And in May 2024, when the tide of sentiment had already begun to turn, Goldman Sachs research found that AI was showing very positive signs of *eventually* boosting productivity and GDP.

For most people generative AI has been synonymous with chatbots – but there is more to the technology. To cut through the Gordian knot of AI boosterism on the one hand and nay-saying on the other, we’ve therefore focused this month’s Future Now on innovations in generative AI that get behind the headlines to address less-discussed applications for the technology. 

Beyond human language

While most of the discussion around generative AI has revolved around chatbots that generate responses to prompts in human language, this is not the only way that the technology can be used. Indeed, generative AI is showing promise in materials science and drug discovery, where it is molecules or protein sequences, rather than words, that are being generated. McKinsey, for example, forecasts that the technology could generate $60 billion to $110 billion in economic value for the pharmaceutical and medical product sector each year.

The innovations:

Photo credit: Cradle Bio

AI optimises protein sequences for enhanced products 

Proteins are crucial building blocks in biology, and increasingly show promise for creating new products – from medicines to new foods, detergents, and petrochemical alternatives. Proteins are made up of sequences of amino acids, with the exact sequence determining the protein’s properties. And, just as generative AI can be used to string together chains of words, so it can be used to generate these protein sequences. This is what startup Cradle Bio is doing with its easy-to-use platform. The proprietary generative AI enables users to create variants of target protein sequences with improved characteristics, such as greater thermostability or optimised gene expression. This can all be done by a non-specialist at the touch of a button. Find out more

Photo credit: © àž àžČàžžàž‚àž­àž‡Thanapipat Kulmuangdoan via Canva.com

AI-enabled protein design for gene-editing

Profluent is another startup that is using generative AI to de-code the ‘language of biology.’ Traditionally, researchers designing proteins for pharmaceutical or other use cases, either had to search for existing proteins in nature, or make small tweaks to natural proteins in the hope that they will deliver the desired properties. However, Profluent’s protein language models – which are similar in principle to the large language models used in chatbots – can be used to precisely design proteins and optimise their properties. The company is initially applying its platform to gene-editing, where genetic material of a living organism is altered by adding, deleting, or replacing sequences of DNA – often to cure a genetic illness. In April, the company announced that it had successfully edited the human genome using a gene-editor developed using its AI models. Find out more 

Photo credit: © Julia Filirovska from Pexels via Canva.com

A generative AI search engine for advanced materials 

The world will a require a range of new technologies and materials to tackle climate change. However, traditional testing processes can be time-consuming, expensive, and wasteful when things don’t go to plan. Now, CuspAI is applying generative AI to he problem, with its search engine that allows users to request and evaluate the properties of existing and new materials on demand – users could request a material that selectively binds carbon dioxide under specified conditions for example. The platform then uses generative AI, deep learning, and molecular simulation to generate, evaluate, and optimise potential molecular structures that meet those exact criteria. Read more

Streamlining scientific research

According to the Royal Society, “the applications of AI in scientific research are bringing a new age of possibilities and challenges.” And while there are obvious potential pitfalls for generative AI use in research, such as the risk of hallucinations and bias and the possibility of fraud, the technology can help humans to plan, conduct, and report on research in a better way. Innovators are therefore developing specialist tools that help with every stage of the process, from understanding the existing literature to writing up results.  

The innovations:

Photo credit: Elicit

AI finds relevant research for time-poor academics

Reviewing past research is essential for academics, but it can be a slow process, as time is often wasted trying to source appropriate articles or reading content that ends up being irrelevant. Elicit is an online resource that utilises state-of-the-art AI to streamline academic research, acting as a virtual research assistant. Users type their research questions in plain English into the Elicit search engine and the platform draws from over 125 million articles in its database to create a personalised list of relevant papers, including those involving related keywords. Helpful one-sentence abstract summaries allow readers to quickly identify the most relevant resources and findings. Elicit claims that its tool can help users save five hours every week, cutting in half the amount of time it would normally take to do the same amount of research. Read more

Photo credit: © Mathias Reding from Pexels via Canva.com

Using AI to bring academic research to the fore

AI can help prioritise publications based on an individual’s preferences, which is how social media platform feeds work. And for those worried about increasingly narrow perspectives forcing people into echo chambers, a new discussion platform is bringing the latest research to the forefront of public discourse. Created by a Danish startup, the AI-powered platform, called Proemial, personalises reading recommendations to users and suggests connections across many different fields of study. The company brings together a variety of AI models to digest research and then make it not only applicable to scholars, but also interesting, relevant, and easy to understand for the general populace without specialist knowledge. Read more

Photo credit: © Ake Puttisarn from Getty Images via Canva.com

‘AI scientists’ that run their own research

In Japan, Sakana AI has recently introduced its ‘AI Scientist’, which allows large language models (LLMs) to independently perform machine learning research and speed up the entire process. The AI Scientist automates the whole research lifecycle – it can generate research ideas, execute experiments, summarise experimental results, and present findings in a full scientific manuscript. The system can even automate the peer review process to review the papers generated, write feedback, and develop ways to further improve results. While the AI Scientist demonstrates a strong ability to innovate on top of well-established ideas, such as diffusion modelling, it’s still yet to be seen whether it can also come up with novel, paradigm-shifting ideas. Read more 

Giving healthcare a boost

Another area where generative AI can help to ease pressure is in the healthcare industry, where it can be used to streamline back-office processes and make time-poor clinicians more productive. In a 2024 Mckinsey survey that included 100 US healthcare leaders, 73 per cent of respondents believed that generative AI could be a boost for clinician productivity, with 60 per cent reporting that it could help with administrative efficiency and effectiveness. There have been several attention-grabbing headlines about the potential of general-purpose AI models in the healthcare space. For example, in February 2023, it was widely reported that ChatGPT had passed the US medical license exam. Researchers from Uppsala University have also found that one in five UK doctors are already using AI chatbots in their clinical workflows. However, innovators are working on more specialised tools that meet the particular needs of the healthcare industry.

Photo credit: © Alena Shekhovtsova from Baseimage via Canva.com

Speech-to-text tech for doctors in Africa

Healthcare systems across Africa are often particularly overstretched, with doctors in these countries frequently seeing far more patients each day than is typical for clinicians in other areas of the world. Voice-to-text apps can help to ease the pressure, but existing technologies often aren’t designed with African dialects and accents in mind. Now, Nigerian health technology company Intron Health has built a solution. The Transcribe app helps doctors complete clinical notes up to seven times faster than if they were typing, and has been built to accurately translate real-time speech and healthcare terms for more than 200 African accents. So far, the app works at a 92 per cent rate of accuracy for the included accents. Read more

Photo credit: © sasirin pamai’s Images via Canva.com

AI provides doctors with instant answers to clinical questions

To provide the best possible care for patients, doctors need to stay up to date with the latest clinical evidence and research as they make their diagnoses. Now, Medwise has developed an AI-powered search engine designed specifically for use by medical professionals. The sources for the platform include national knowledge resources as well as patient information and local guidance, all of which is vetted by clinicians. Users of the platform can then ask questions and get bite-sized answers – not full documents – at the moment they are caring for patients. Find out more

Photo credit: © Negative Space from Pexels via Canva.com

A decision support AI tool based on reputable medical evidence 

Established businesses, as well as startups, are tackling the need for AI-generated answers to be drawn from robust and credible sources. For example, Elsevier Health, a global leader in medical information and analytics, is adding the convenient Q&A capabilities of generative AI to ClinicalKey, its clinical reference and decision support tool that is already embedded in thousands of hospital systems. Using the new tool, physicians can access Elsevier’s underlying body of curated and continuously updated medical content in a chat format. Doing so, they can be confident that responses are based on trustworthy medical information, with citations and underlying documents listed. Find out more

As a member you have unlimited access to our library over 14,000 innovation case studies. If this feature has piqued your interest, why not have a deeper dive into AI today? 

22 Sep 15:30

Robotic Touch Using a DIY Squishy Magnetic Pad

by Donald Papp

There are a number of ways to give a robotic actuator a sense of touch, but the AnySkin project aims to make it an overall more reliable and practical process. The idea is twofold: create modular grippy “skins” that can be slipped onto actuators, and separate the sensing electronics from the skins themselves. The whole system ends up being quite small, as shown here.

Cast skins can be installed onto bases as easily as slipping a phone case onto a phone.

The skins are cast in whatever shape is called for by using silicone (using an off-the-shelf formulation from Smooth-on) mixed with iron particles. This skin is then slipped onto a base that contains the electronics, but first it is magnetized with a pulse magnetizer. It’s the magnetic field that is at the heart of how the system works.

The base contains five MLX90393 triple-axis magnetometers, each capable of sensing tiny changes in magnetic fields. When the magnetized skin over the base is deformed — no matter how slightly — its magnetic field changes in distinct ways that paint an impressively detailed picture of exactly what is happening at the sensor. As a bonus, slippage of the skin against the sensor (a kind of shearing) can also be distinctly detected with a high degree of accuracy.

The result is a durable and swappable robotic skin that can be cast in whatever shape is needed, itself contains no electronics, and can even be changed without needing to re-calibrate everything. Cameras can also sense touch with a high degree of accuracy, but camera-based sensors put constraints on the size and shape of the end result.

AnySkin builds on another project called ReSkin and in fact uses the same sensor PCB (design files and bill of materials available here) but provides a streamlined process to create swappable skins, and has pre-made models for a variety of different robot arms.

22 Sep 15:15

Chanel s’offre un immeuble avenue Montaigne

by Journal du Luxe
La Maison de couture officialise l'acquisition d'un bien sur la prestigieuse artÚre parisienne. Une annonce qui intervient alors que les acteurs du luxe ont renforcé ces derniers mois leurs investissements dans des emplacements retail à haut potentiel.
22 Sep 15:13

Google AR Patent Highlights Potential Advantage in Smart Glasses Market

by Nat Rubio-Licht

Google wants to understand your surroundings. 

The company filed a patent application for “augmented reality-based geolocalization of images.” The goal of Google’s tech is to help users capture better images of target areas, such as businesses or landmarks, using location data and augmented reality overlays. 

“By formalizing the capture of images that represent the actual state of a target location, the accuracy of associated geolocalized images can be improved and the need for burdensome manual verification of geolocalized images can be reduced,” Google said in the filing.

The point of this tech is seemingly to crowdsource good images for Google Maps “without having to resort to manual inspection by a human due to the high quality of captured images,” the filing noted. 

When a user wants to capture an image of a specific location, the system may give the user instructions on how exactly to capture that image using AR as a guide. For example, if it’s capturing an image of a business, the user may be instructed via their phone or smart glasses to get certain things in the frame, such as the address number or hours of operation.

That data may then be used to update data related to that location (likely through Google Maps). Along with adding the image to a location’s listing, it could collect and update information related to visiting hours or business type. 

Google’s tech can create a symbiotic relationship between users and its mapping technology: While it could help beef up listings for the company’s GPS tech, it can also add value to the user experience by opening the door for AR activations and guides for users, said DJ Smith, co-founder and chief creative officer at The Glimpse Group. 

Tech like this also shows a potential advantage that Google may have in developing augmented reality that sits atop real-world experiences, said Smith: its access to a vast amount of data through Google Earth and Maps. This factor may give it “a point of differentiation that the other large technology companies might not have,” he said. 

And that edge may be particularly helpful as it joins the likes of Meta, Apple, and Snap in the competition to create mixed reality headgear that people actually want to wear. The company is working with Qualcomm and Samsung on a pair of mixed reality smart glasses that are linked to wearers’ phones. 

Though Google’s glasses are meant to be a companion to a person’s phone, the push from big tech firms to create the next spatial computing device may signal that “our phones are getting to the end of their evolution,” said Smith. “With spatial computing, there’s this saying of ‘where you need it, when you need it,’ as opposed to buried without a phone.” 

However, this isn’t the first time that Google has wanted to throw a set of spectacles into the mix. In order to avoid the missteps it took with Google Glass — and the nickname that came along with it — is an emphasis on privacy, said Smith. “They missed the mark on the security and privacy side of things. People didn’t want to be privately recorded by these devices.”

The post Google AR Patent Highlights Potential Advantage in Smart Glasses Market appeared first on The Daily Upside.

22 Sep 15:12

Amazon is stuffing generative AI into its shopping experience

by Jess Weatherbed
A person browsing Amazon on their mobile device.
Amazon is using generative AI to create tailored product recommendations based on user’s shopping history. | Image: Amazon

Amazon has introduced a batch of new generative AI tools that aim to improve the retail experience for both customers and sellers on the platform. One of the more notable features announced at the Amazon Accelerate event on Thursday will use customers’ preferences, search, browsing, and purchase history to create personalized product recommendations on Amazon’s homepage.

Instead of the “more like this” feature that suggests similar, specific items, the new recommendations will be offered as larger categories based on a customer’s shopping habits — such as those catering to holiday events or sporting activities. The company says it’s leveraging a large language model to recommend products with specific features, but it’s not clear how...

Continue reading


22 Sep 14:22

EssilorLuxottica et Meta continuent d'établir le futur de la lunette intelligente

by Pauline Duvieu
Deux géants dans leur domaine unissent un peu plus leurs forces dans un but bien précis : développer le segment des lunettes intelligentes.
22 Sep 12:44

Meta has a major opportunity to win the AI hardware race

by Victoria Song
Pair of Ray-Ban Meta Smart Glasses illuminated from below
Of all the AI wearables this year, the Ray-Ban Meta smart glasses made the most sense.

The Ray-Ban Meta smart glasses exceeded expectations in a year when AI gadgets flopped. But can it keep the momentum going?

Continue reading


21 Sep 22:00

Satellite imagery of all the outdoor basketball courts

by Nathan Yau

For The Pudding, Matthew Daniels extracted all the outdoor basketball courts in the United States via OpenStreetMap satellite imagery. With 59,705 locations along with commenting and liking, it’s a fun experiment in scale for display, filtering, and interaction. Plus, basketball.

Tags: basketball, Matt Daniels, OpenStreetMap, Pudding, satellite imagery

18 Sep 19:20

Liban : aprĂšs les bipeurs, ce sont les talkies-walkies du Hezbollah qui explosent

by Bogdan Bodnar

Plusieurs explosions ont retenti ce 18 septembre à travers le Liban, causées selon les premiÚres images par des talkies-walkies piégés. Cette attaque intervient moins de 24h aprÚs l'explosion des bipeurs du Hezbollah.

18 Sep 12:53

Arnaud Bodzon, LVMH : "La data peut ĂȘtre utilisĂ©e pour mieux comprendre les habitudes de paiement"

Data, sécurité et fluidité, à l'occasion de Paris Retail Week, Arnaud Bodzon, responsable du paiement chez LVMH et mentor du salon, partage sa vision des tendances en matiÚre de parcours de rÚglement.
18 Sep 07:26

Fauxtomation

Writer and filmmaker Astra Taylor explains fauxtomation as "the process that renders invisible human labour to maintain the illusion that machines and systems are smarter than they are." (Faux means false or fake in French).

Taylor gives an example of standing in line to collect food and the person in front of her expressing amazement at how the app knew his order was done 20 minutes early. The server replies, "I sent you a message."

With the rise in incredible abilities driven by AI chatbots and tools, it's tempting to believe that AI can run anything. But, in many situations, claims of AI magic and sophisticated automation disguise work done by people—often outsourced and poorly paid.

An example of fauxtomation is content moderators, whose job is to review and filter objectionable content from the web when the claim is that sophisticated algorithms and AI are doing the work. Other examples are tagging or searching images, transcribing audio, responding to customer queries, making decisions, or, ironically, training machine learning models. In another twist, ordering on the app or touchscreen at McDonalds or the self-checkout at a supermarket, you, as a customer, become the labour of a server or waiter.

Some have argued that automation polarises work into vast quantities of small, menial tasks feeding the machines on one end and sophisticated, high-skilled work in designing and maintaining the machines at the other.

Amazon has long offered its Mechanical Turk service, which crowdsources assignments with a distributed workforce—they called it artificial, artificial intelligence. The original Mechanical Turk was a hoax from the 1700s where a concealed human chess player fooled onlookers into believing a machine was playing.

As a design and UX professional, I've used the Wizard of Oz prototype technique. Named after the infamous wizard secretly controlling impressive machines from behind a curtain, the idea is to give the appearance of a working software prototype by discreetly controlling what people see based on their actions.

AI promises instant automation, but that's rarely the case. As you work to automate and remove inefficiencies, it's natural that systems should be supported by people.  Human-augmented work may be a more appropriate term. In many domains, especially where safety is at stake, such as in self-driving cars, reviewing legal documents, or automated background checks, oversight by people may remain critical.

Alongside the AI revolution, a quiet revolution nearly as significant for our everyday experience is the tying together of different tools for automation. Tools like Zapier, Google Sheets, Notion, and the growth of APIs allow us to automate workflows across systems, saving massive amounts of time and effort.

While the vision of machines reducing our labour persists, history shows that they often drive increased productivity instead of reducing work. This echoes Jevon's paradox, where fuel efficiency gains usually result in increased fuel usage rather than less.

I saw an excellent talk by machine learning and AI expert James Smith, in which, before you try machine learning ("I hear you have Magic Pixie dust. Can I have some?"), he would ask, "Have you tried 50 IF statements?" These programmed rules will be more maintainable, less complex, and result in responses that are easy to understand.

I learned about fauxtomation from Tom Humberstone's remarkable visual essay What Luddites Can Teach us About Resisting an Automated Future in the MIT Technology Review. Fauxtomation is similar in concept to Potemkin AI, a term from researcher Jathan Sadowski.

You can read Astra Taylor's article, The Automation Charade, or watch her discuss fauxtomation at the AI Now 2018 symposium.

Sketchplanations continues to be done by me, by hand. If you'd like to support me, I'm improving my Patreon, which makes such a difference in helping creators like me keep creating. Thank you.

Here's a fauxtomation sketch by ChatGPT in case you're interested =)

Also see:

As well as fauxtomation prints, you can get AI department prints

17 Sep 19:43

Liban : ces centaines de bipeurs ont explosĂ© en mĂȘme temps dans les poches des membres du Hezbollah

by Bogdan Bodnar

Des milliers de membres du groupe terroriste libanais Hezbollah ont Ă©tĂ© blessĂ©s dans l’explosion simultanĂ©e de leurs bipeurs, survenue ce mardi 17 septembre 2024. Ces appareils Ă©taient utilisĂ©s pour Ă©viter l’utilisation de tĂ©lĂ©phones portables.

17 Sep 19:41

The first Thunderbolt 5 dock appears to have arrived

by Sean Hollister
The Kensington SD5000T5. | Image: Kensington

The first Thunderbolt 5 cables arrived in July, and now it looks like we’re finally getting the first Thunderbolt 5 dock! Kensington has just announced the Intel-certified SD5000T5 EQ is now available to buy, seemingly beating every rival to the 120Gbps single-cable docking punch. (I just checked: Hyper, J5Create and OWC’s docks aren’t yet available.)

The new dock claims to support up to three 4K monitors or two 8K monitors on Windows, or dual 6K monitors on MacBook Pros with M1 Pro chips or better. It also offers up to 120Gbps speeds for connected peripherals — assuming your computer has a Thunderbolt 5 port, anyhow. Last we checked, only a single $4,500 version of the Razer Blade 18 has that port, though PCWorld points out the $3,899...

Continue reading


17 Sep 19:26

Actualité : Des chirurgiens opÚrent avec une manette PlayStation à 9300 km de distance

by Nassim Chentouf
Le systĂšme utilisĂ© Ă  Hong Kong se composait d’un dispositif robotique et d’un endoscope magnĂ©tique. Le second Ă©quipement, Ă©quipĂ© d'une sĂ©rie d'aimants sur toute sa longueur, Ă©tait dirigĂ© par le contrĂŽle d'un champ magnĂ©tique externe. La connexion entre les deux emplacements Ă©tait assurĂ©e par un protocole WebSocket direct, pour permettre un transfert...
17 Sep 19:26

Snap Unveils Upgraded AR Spectacles For Developers, Priced $100/Month

by David Heaney

The company behind Snapchat just unveiled its fifth generation Spectacles.

The first three generations of Spectacles were launched as consumer devices from 2016 to 2019 but lacked any kind of display or speakers. They functioned solely as camera glasses, similar to today's Ray-Ban Meta glasses but without the audio out and AI capabilities.

Fourth generation Spectacles were unveiled in 2021 with waveguide displays for true AR, but were only available to select developers in very limited quantities. They were a standalone AR device in true sunglasses form factor, featuring a Qualcomm Snapdragon XR1 chipset, a tiny field of view, and an active battery life of just 30 minutes.

The new fifth generation Snap Spectacles offer a wider field of view, longer battery life, a more powerful processor, and higher transparency to allow bystanders to see the wearer's eyes. And this time Snap will offer them to any developer for $99/month.

The field of view has been increased from just 26 degrees to now 46 degrees diagonal, the same as Xreal but slightly below HoloLens 2.

Spectacles now offer an angular resolution of 37 pixels per degree (PPD), similar to Apple Vision Pro. This is made possible by the use of LCoS displays, at the cost of rendering Spectacles noticeably thicker than future microLED solutions have the potential to be.

Spectacles also feature "automatically tinting lenses", which Snap claims makes visuals "vibrant, indoors or outdoors — even in direct sunlight".

Snap says the device is powered by "two Snapdragon processors from Qualcomm", which split the compute workload across each stem, increasing performance while improving thermal dissipation. To further cool the chips, Spectacles uses titanium vapor chambers. The dual-chip solution somewhat reminds us of Snapdragon AR2, but Snap declined to tell us an exact name for what chipset it's using, suggesting it may be a new unannounced offering from Qualcomm.

Snap claims a motion-to-photon latency of 13 milliseconds, close to the 12 milliseconds Apple claims for passthrough latency of Vision Pro.

The active battery life has been increased from 30 to 45 minutes, and a USB-C port at the back of one of the stems allows for extended usage via a power bank.

One area in which Spectacles have regressed though is the weight and size. The original AR Spectacles weighed 134 grams, while the new Spectacles weigh 226 grams. They're also visibly bulkier, pushing the limits of what can be described as a true glasses form factor.

Original AR Spectacles (left) vs New AR Spectacles (right)

Snap Spectacles can't capture first-person photos and videos outside of apps, and there's no audio streaming "yet", so it can't play podcasts and music from your phone or take calls. But the AR capabilities let Spectacles do much more than basic smart glasses.

Spectacles run Snap OS, which the company claims is a "purpose-built, brand new operating system" for AR.

Spectacles has a built-in web browser which supports YouTube, or you can wirelessly mirror your phone screen to bring your mobile apps into AR.

The glasses feature hand tracking, and the main menu of Snap OS is anchored to one of your hands to be interacted with using the other. It also has on-device speech recognition for text input.

Developers build "Lenses" for Snap OS, the company's terms for apps, using Lens Studio 5.0. Snap says developers can easily build Lenses using Spectacles Interaction Kit, and more advanced Lenses can be written using TypeScript and JavaScript. To identify, track, and augment real world objects, SnapML will let developers use custom machine learning models in their Lenses.

Additionally, developers can leverage your smartphone as a 6DoF tracked controller. And with Spectator Mode nearby smartphone users can see what you're seeing in AR.

In future, through a partnership with OpenAI, developers will also be able to use GPT-4o API "to provide more context about what you see, say, or hear".

An AR golf game on Spectacles using an iPhone as a 6DoF tracked controller.

LEGO has used Lens Studio to build an AR game for Spectacles called Bricktacular. "Whether you're free building or tackling specific LEGO sets, this experience unlocks endless possibilities to challenge yourself and see how fast you can build."

Snap says ILM Immersive, the team behind the Star Wars VR interactive stories Vader Immortal and Tales from the Galaxy’s Edge and the Marvel mixed reality interactive experience What If
?, is currently building AR Star Wars experiences "that connect you and your friends with the Star Wars Galaxy".

Niantic is bringing a Peridot spinoff and Scaniverse to Snapchat Spectacles too.

Snap Spectacles will only be available in the US, and developers renting Spectacles need to commit to a 1-year minimum term. If they stop subscribing after that, they'll need to send the glasses back to Snap.

The Verge reports that these Spectacles are difficult and expensive to manufacture, with "thousands of dollars" in components, and that Snap is building only on the order of 10,000. A consumer version at an affordable price is likely many years away, and we'll keep a close eye on Snap for any signs of it.

Meta Might Demo A True AR Glasses Prototype In 2024
Meta hinted it might demo a “prohibitively expensive” true AR glasses prototype in 2024. “In the domain of consumer electronics, it might be the most advanced thing that we’ve ever produced as a species.”
UploadVRDavid Heaney

Snap's reveal comes just a week before Meta is expected to show off its own AR glasses. But Meta's glasses are reportedly even more expensive and hard to manufacture, achieving a wider field of view, and the company won't even sell them to developers.

You can read our hands-on impressions of Snap's new AR Spectacles here:

Hands-On With AR Peridot On Snap Spectacles
Hands-on impressions: Niantic’s Peridot is a standout example of what Snap’s new AR Spectacles can do.
UploadVRIan Hamilton
17 Sep 13:44

Paris Retail Week devient le "Retail's Big Show Europe", en partenariat avec la NRF

À l'occasion de la confĂ©rence d'ouverture de Paris Retail Week, le directeur gĂ©nĂ©ral de Comexposium et le CEO de la NRF ont annoncĂ© Ă©largir leur partenariat. En 2025, le salon qui fĂȘte aujourd'hui ses 10 ans deviendra le "Retail's Big Show Europe", organisĂ© par les deux entreprises.
17 Sep 11:02

La Chine veut faire peur aux États-Unis en dĂ©tectant des signaux de Starlink avec l’armĂ©e

by Bogdan Bodnar

Une étude publiée par une université chinoise met en avant des tests pour détecter les connexions avec un satellite Starlink. Les chercheurs affirment ainsi pouvoir récupérer des infos sur des appareils militaires américains.

17 Sep 08:22

The Rise of Self-Cleaning, Cat-Killing Litter Boxes

by Maya Posch

Machines that automate the various tedious tasks that come with being a servant in a cat’s household — like feeding and cleaning Mr. Fluffles’ litter box — are generally a godsend, as they ensure a happy cat and a happy human. That is, unless said litter box-cleaning robot kills said cat. That’s the gruesome topic that [Philip Bloom], also known as the bloke of the One Man Five Cats channel on YouTube, decided to investigate after coming across a report about a certain Amazon-bought unit.

The theory of a self-cleaning litter box: a happy Mr. Fluffles.
The theory of a self-cleaning litter box: a happy Mr. Fluffles.

Although he was unable to get the (generic & often rebranded) unit off Amazon UK, he did get it via AliExpress for £165 + £80 shipping. Although this version lacks the cute ears of other variants, it’s still effectively the same unit, with the same moving components and mechanism. An initial test with a cat plushie gave the result that can be observed in the above image, where the inner part with the opening will move upwards, regardless of whether a cat is currently poking through said opening. Once the victim is stuck, there is no obvious way to free the trapped critter, which has already led to the death of a number of cats.

The other self-cleaning litter boxes which [Philip] owns have a number of safety features, including a weight sensor, an infrared sensor above the opening to detect nearby critters, a top that will pop off rather than trap a critter, as well as a pinch sensor. During a test with his own hand, [Philip] managed to get injured, and following a banana test, he had a nice banana smoothie.

What takes the cake here is that after [Philip] connected the mobile app for the litter box, he found that there was a firmware update that seems to actually change the machine to use the pinch and infrared sensors that do exist in the litter box, but which clearly were not used properly or at all with the shipped firmware. This means that anyone who buys any of these self-cleaning litter boxes and does not update the firmware runs the significant risk of losing their pet(s) in a gruesome incident. In the video a number of such tragic deaths are covered, which can be rather distressing for any cat lover.

Of note here is that even with the improved firmware, any issue with the sensors will still inevitably lead to the tragic death of Mr. Fluffles. If you do want to obtain a self-cleaning litter box, make sure to for example get one of [Philip]’s recommendations which come with a paw stamp of approval from his own precious fluff balls, rather than a random unit off Amazon or AliExpress.