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Scott Carpenter, the second American to orbit Earth, died on Thursday at age 88.
Carpenter was one of the original Mercury 7 astronauts chosen by NASA in 1959.
Following Carpenter's death, John Glenn is the only survivor of the pioneering astronauts, which included Alan Shepard, Wally Schirra, Gus Grissom, Deke Slayton, and Gordon Cooper.
The Mercury 7 weren't just average American men. They were all military test pilots, but also college-educated as engineers and in superb physical condition.
Each man emerged from one of the world's most competitive selection processes that included a daunting combination of interviews, written exams, mental evaluations, and stress tests.
What followed were two years of intensive training before risking everything to become the first Americans to rocket into space.
Technology like GPS tracking was introduced as a way to protect endangered species and help them recover, but it seems like poachers and illegal wildlife traders might be taking advantage of the growing use of technology in conservation efforts.
The Panna Tiger Reserve in India was notified that someone tried to hack into an email account that contains the geographic location of an endangered Bengal tiger, according to an article published in National Geographic.
The attempt was prevented by the website server, but even if the hacker had managed to get access, the geographic data — that is broadcast from the tiger's collar — is encrypted and only a sophisticated software can decode it.
The motive and identity of the hacker is unknown, and the Panna Tiger Reserve and police have launched an investigation. Even though the attempt was unsuccessful, it has made many wildlife conservationists wary and shown that this kind of "cyberpoaching" could pose a serious threat to endangered animals.
Poachers and traders are becoming more and more tech-savvy — evidence of cellphone and email use is appearing in more and more wildlife criminal cases, according to the National Geographic article.
The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora have found that poachers and wildlife traders are relying more and more on the Internet.
TRAFFIC has also reported an increasing use of technology in the way poachers go after their targets, including more sophisticated weapons and the use of veterinary drugs to kill animals.
GPS tracking has successfully been used to monitor and help endangered species, but it looks like conservationists need to take extra precaution now that that same geographical data could help lead poachers to an animal's exact location.
The Bengal tiger at the Panna Tiger Reserve is still alive and well, but the organization intends to step up security by adding surveillance drones to detect any intruders.
The World Wildlife Fund estimates that the illegal wildlife sale industry cashes in somewhere between $7.8 to $10 billion every year. Moving illegal wildlife trade online comes with several benefits for poachers and traders: they can be anonymous, expand their customer base to include people around the world, and transactions are much faster.
SEE ALSO: Historical Nucleur Bomb Test Could Fight Illegal Elephant Poaching
The dietary supplement Craze, advertised as "performance fuel," may have an extra illegal kick to it.
A new study, published in Drug Testing and Analysis, found a compound similar to methamphetamine in Craze.
According to its label, Craze contains the compound N,N-DEPEA and claims that the compound comes from dendrobium orchids.
However, no proof exists that this compound is found in orchids, and it is structurally very similar to the banned substance N,alpha-DEPEA — a methamphetamine analog, the researchers said.
It appears Craze's reviews on bodybuilding.com might support the scientific findings. Reviewer arnoldelis said "the effects were amazing i flet like beating the living sh** out of everyone." Review kmarcus 62 said "This stuff will make you feel like The Hulk."
The investigation into Craze began when several athletes using the supplement failed to pass urine sample drug tests. The team of scientists led by Pieter Cohen from Harvard Medical School tested three different samples of Craze, one from a U.S. retailer, and two samples ordered online from companies in the U.S. and Holland.
Cohen and his team used high-performance liquid chromatography — a technique that separates out each molecular component of a substance like Craze — and found over 20 mg per serving of N,alpha-DEPEA. According to Cohen, this means it's likely that the presence of the compound is not because of an accidental contamination.
According to a press release from the journal, N,alpha-DEPEA is a banned substance because it is a methamphetamine analog, which means it's likely to have the same kind of hyperactive effects and addictive qualities as methamphetamine. But the compound has never been tested in humans, and according to the scientific paper, "its stimulant, addictive, and other adverse effects in humans are entirely unknown."
Side effects of the compound are also unknown because it has never been tested in humans, but the scientists recommend that if the FDA confirms their results, all supplements containing this compound should be taken off the market.
The discovery of banned substances in dietary supplements is fairly common, but the government shutdown could mean that the potentially harmful Craze stays widely available to the public. Dietary supplements aren't FDA-approved before they go on the market, and until the government is re-opened, the FDA won't be reviewing any new claims about supplements.
"If these findings are confirmed by regulatory authorities, the FDA must take action to warn consumers and to remove supplements containing N,α-DEPEA from sale," Cohen said in the press release. "Our fear is that the federal shutdown may delay this, resulting in potentially dangerous supplements remaining widely available."
SEE ALSO: Don't Believe Everything You See In The Media About Meth Addiction
A year ago on Oct. 14, Austrian skydiver Felix Baumgartner jumped from 24 miles above Earth and became the first person to break the speed of sound wearing only a high-pressure suit.
On the one-year anniversary, Red Bull released new footage of the jump from Baumgartner's point-of-view at three different angles.
The right-hand side also shows data about his air speed, altitude, g-force, and heart rate as he's falling toward the New Mexican desert.
Baumgartner, who was 43 years old at the time of the stunt, hit a top speed of 843.6 mph, or Mach 1.25, after stepping out of his capsule 127,852 feet above the ground.
His heartbeat reached a maximum of 185 beats per minute right after he jumped, which is faster than the average maximum heart rate of a 40-year-old man during vigorous exercise.
PHOTOS: The Best Moments From Felix Baumgartner's Supersonic Jump
# ar vx mypackage.debФайл пакета mypackage.deb содержит три вложенных файла:
$ tar -xzvf data.tar.gzВ текущем каталоге появится ./usr текущего каталога. Желанный бинарник лежит в ./usr/bin подкаталоге.
$ ar p mypackage.deb data.tar.gz | tar zxэто распакует пакет deb в текущий каталог. Другой вариант - использовать dpkg-deb в виде:
$ dpkg-deb -x что.deb куда/
$ rpm2cpio mypackage.rpm | cpio -vidЕсли же нужно просмотреть содержимое пакета, не распаковывая его, даём команду:
$ rpm2cpio mypackage.rpm | cpio -vtДля того, чтобы (попытаться) конвертировать RPM-пакет в Debian, можно воспользоваться командой:
# alien mypack.i386.rpmНадо сказать, что пакеты RPM и DEB сильно отличаются друг и друга, и такое простое конвертирование не всегда проходит.
Часто хочется сделать побыстрее, чтоб "завелось и поехало" - и вместо пакетов пользователи устанавливают программы в виде ./configure, make & make install (вместо make install можно использовать checkinstall). Как уже говорилось не раз, не стоит поддаваться искушению и ставить программы в Linux в обход менеджера пакетов - пакетный менеджер ничего о них знать не будет, и при обновлении системы вы рискуете получить больше проблем на свою голову, чем представляете.Иногда бывает так, что исходников к пакету нет - скажем, поступила к нам проприетарщина, а упаковать её в пакет хочется. Или мы наваяли скрипт, и хочется, чтобы он был на многих машинах. Нет проблем: завернём это в deb-пакет и скормим apt-у.
# apt-get install dpkg-devПодопытным кроликом будет служить бинарный файл системы контроля версий fossil, о котором уже говорилось ранее.
$ mkdir -p ./tempprog/usr/bin/Так мы создадим все подкаталоги за один проход. Зайдём внутрь:
$ cd tempprog/и увидим созданные подкаталоги:
$ treeВот они:
.
└── usr
└── bin
2 directories, 0 files
$ mkdir ./DEBIAN
Package: имя-пакета Version: версия пакета, скажем 1.0 или 2.7.9. Architecture: архитектура(i386, amd64, all...) Maintainer: сопровождающий_пакета Installed-Size: размер программы в килобайтах Depends: зависимости (пакет (>= версия)) Recommends: рекомендации (пакет (>= версия)) Suggests: предложения (пакет) Section: секция (multimedia, games, system, или другое) Priority: приоритет (optional) Homepage: http://www.домашняя_страница Description: описание программы
.
├── DEBIAN
│.. └── control
└── usr
└── bin
└── fossil
3 directories, 2 files
$ dpkg-deb -b ./ ./В результате появится пакет (в нашем примере с fossil) вида:
fossil_1.21_i386.debкоторый можно сразу же установить в систему:
$ sudo dpkg -i fossil_1.21_i386.deb [sudo] password for starscream: Selecting previously deselected package fossil. (Reading database ... 247627 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking fossil (from fossil_1.21_i386.deb) ... Setting up fossil (1.21) ...
Небольшое примечание: если кто хочет установить программу в директорию
/opt/ нужно сделать следующее:
- В локальном каталоге ./tempprog создаём каталог /opt/ и размещаем там
программу так, как она и будет установлена в /opt
- Там же, в ./tempprog создаём подкаталоги /tempprog/usr/bin/
в котором размещаем небольшой скрипт, например zotero
- В нём пишем:
#! /bin/sh PATH=$PATH:/opt/zotero/ /opt/zotero/zotero
Это говорит системе, что теперь можно запускать файлы и из /opt/zotero
# dh_make --createorigДалее пишем
# debuildОпять, если нам повезло, всё должно собраться без вопросов. Полученный пакет устанавливаем
# dpkg -i foobar_1.2.3-1_i386.debОхочим до тонкостей дебиановской кулинарии и прочим правильно писающим мальчикам просьба пройти сюда и насладиться The Debian Administrator's Handbook. Эта
$ dpkg-scanpackages . /dev/null | gzip -9c > ./Packages.gzМожет быть, нам будет выведено сообщение типа:
dpkg-scanpackages: warning: Packages in archive but missing from override file: dpkg-scanpackages: warning: fossil linux-headers-3.8.0-avl9-pae linux-image-3.8.0-avl9-pae pdfsam sublimetext virtualbox-4.2 xserver-xorg-input-wacom zotero dpkg-scanpackages: info: Wrote 8 entries to output Packages file.
# vim /etc/apt/sources.listстрочкой типа:
deb file:///home/имя_пользователя/zips/virensdebianrepository ./
# apt-get updateВсё, теперь можно установить, к примеру, свежесобранный текстовый редактор Sublime Text 2 (отличная инструкция там) как всегда: Теперь, для того, чтобы установить SublimeText достаточно сделать:
# apt-get install sublimetext
Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following NEW packages will be installed: sublimetext 0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 245 not upgraded. Need to get 0 B/11.4 MB of archives. After this operation, 17.4 MB of additional disk space will be used. WARNING: The following packages cannot be authenticated! sublimetext Install these packages without verification [y/N]? Y Selecting previously deselected package sublimetext. (Reading database ... 247813 files and directories currently installed.) Unpacking sublimetext (from ..././sublimetext_2.0.2_i386.deb) ... Setting up sublimetext (2.0.2) ...Всё, пакет будет распакован и установлен, а то, что он из местного репозитория, видно вот тут: (from ..././sublimetext_2.0.2_i386.deb)
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