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12 Feb 17:28

Make ‘business connections’ with Virgin America’s new in-flight social network ;)

by Engadget

Haven’t had much luck buying alluring strangers a drink on your last few Virgin America flights? What you need, my friend, is a service to expand your circle of potential prospects and make the in-flight connection you deserve. At least that’s what the airline must be thinking with its announcement of the “first-ever” in-flight social network, developed with Gogo Wifi and the Here on Biz geo-location app.

Once you’ve downloaded Here on Biz from the App Store (sorry, no Android types need apply) and connect through Gogo, the service lets you register via Facebook, LinkedIn or Twitter to contact fellow travelers at the gate, on your plane and even on other Virgin America flights. But don’t think the social network is all about helping you get lucky at 35,000 feet (the sexy skies are the furthest thing from Richard Branson’s mind, after all); Virgin America says the service is targeted at business travelers who want to “take advantage of downtime in-flight to build or renew their professional connections.” It’s unclear, though, whether Virgin will claim rights to any startup ideas hatched on board.

Filed under: Transportation, Internet

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Source: Virgin America, Here on Biz (iTunes)

The post Make ‘business connections’ with Virgin America’s new in-flight social network ;) appeared first on AIVAnet.

12 Feb 17:17

Apple Is Ready To Launch A Brand New Version Of iOS That Will Be Like Windows 8, According To A Wild Report From JP Morgan (AAPL)

by Jay Yarow

Craig Federighi

JP Morgan analyst Mark Moskowitz has a weird report on the future of Apple this morning. 

In his report, he acknowledges that Apple's growth has hit a wall. Revenue was up 6% in the holiday quarter. If Apple hits the high end of its revenue guidance for this quarter, then sales will be up 1% on an annual basis. 

Moskowitz blames the slow down on the iPhone and the iPad. The market for the iPhone is getting saturated, and the "iPad has not stepped up to become the next growth chariot."

Even if Apple releases a bigger iPhone as is expected, Moskowitz says it won't move the needle much. People that want big smartphones bought Samsung phones. A bigger iPhone might be a hit with iPhone users, but a bigger screen alone isn't enough to inject growth back into the iPhone line. 

So, Apple needs something to get itself cranking once again. 

What could it be? An iWatch? An Apple TV?

Moskowitz doesn't mention either of those. Instead, he comes up with something totally different: iAnywhere. 

What is iAnywhere? It's a converged operating system, much like Microsoft tried to make a converged operating system with Windows 8. Windows 8 is has a touch based tile system, and a traditional desktop environment under it. Moskowitz vision isn't quite the same, but it's similar.

"While not a new idea, our global tech research team believes Apple could be on the cusp of introducing a new category with 'iAnywhere,' a converged Mac OS - iOS operating system that allows an iPhone or iPad to dock into a specially configured display to run as a computer," says Moskowitz, adding, "We expect Apple to maintain a separate Mac OS for traditional Macs."

How would iAnywhere generate growth for Apple? It's somewhat unclear. Here's Moskowitz's explanation: "In our view, iAnywhere could be the stepping stone to a broader peripherals and services-led sale, partially reducing Apple’s dependence on device-led product cycles."

So. What do we make of this? Frankly, it seems unlikely.

We expect iOS to evolve to fit new product categories like iWatches and Apple TVs. We don't expect it to evolve to work as as desktop computer. 

Apple SVP of Marketing Phil Schiller recently talked about the idea of converging mobile and desktop devices. Here's what he said, "It’s not an either/or. It’s a world where you’re going to have a phone, a tablet, a computer, you don’t have to choose. And so what’s more important is how you seamlessly move between them all… It’s not like this is a laptop person and that’s a tablet person. It doesn’t have to be that way."

At the same time, Craig Federighi, who leads Mac (OS X) and iPhone/iPad (iOS) software engineering said, "The reason OS X has a different interface than iOS isn’t because one came after the other or because this one’s old and this one’s new," it's because the Mac "has been honed over 30 years" to work for keyboards and mice, while the iPhone has been honed for five years to work for touch.

And last fall, Apple CEO Tim Cook said, "Our competition is confused. They're turning tablets into PCs and PCs into tablets. Who knows what they're going to do next?"

It's possible these are giant headfakes, or highly nuanced answers. It's possible that in the fall Apple rolls out some sort of converge operating system. There have been reports of Apple releasing a 12-inch iPad. There have also been reports of Apple releasing a new laptop that redefines laptop computing. So, it's not inconceivable it's thinking about something

However, these are fairly strong responses from Apple's top executives. They don't seem to be all that interested in doing a converged operating system. Apple seems to be most interested in creating great, purpose-built experiences. 

As Cook once said, "you can converge a toaster and a refrigerator," but it won't please anyone. Odds are very much against Apple releasing its own toaster-fridge OS called iAnywhere.  

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12 Feb 17:13

China's first moon rover is broken beyond repair

by Jacob Kastrenakes

The journey is over for China's moon rover. China's state news agency is reporting today that the country's space agency has not been able to restore function to the Jade Rabbit rover, which suffered a mechanical malfunction late last month. The rover initially malfunctioned as it was preparing for the two-week lunar night, a period where it would be exposed to extreme cold temperatures and be unable to receive solar power. It likely failed to enter its hibernation mode, exposing critical components to environmental hazards for the past two weeks.

New Scientist reports that China's space agency would have been unable to communicate with its rover during the lunar night, meaning it wasn't able to attempt to reconnect with Jade Rabbit...

Continue reading…

12 Feb 17:10

Firefox Fought Tooth And Nail Against Ad Tracking, And Now It Will Serve Its Users Ads Directly

by Aaron Taube

Mozilla VP of content services Darren Herman

Mozilla's Firefox browser has been a thorn in the side of the digital advertising industry ever since it decided to automatically block all third party cookies a year ago.

Advertisers and data collection firms use those cookies to learn about people's browsing habits so they can target them with ads they'll be likely to click on, and the cookies have for years been the backbone of the digital advertising ecosystem. The Feb. 2013 move made Mozilla public enemy No. 1 among the online advertising community, and Interactive Advertising Bureau general counsel Mike Zaneis called it a "nuclear first strike against [the] ad industry."

A year later, the landscape has changed dramatically. The third-party cookie is in decline with major tech companies like Microsoft and Google working to develop their own proprietary tracking technologies. And now, Firefox will be serving its users ads directly from the moment they open the browser.

Mozilla announced on its Content Services blog that when first-time Firefox users open the program for the first time, they will see links to content where the browser usually displays a user's most visited sites. And some of those pieces of suggested content will be "sponsored content from hand-picked partners to help support Mozilla’s pursuit of our mission."

Mozilla said the "Directory Tiles" program is being done to make Firefox more sustainable and improve the first-time user experience.

"We are excited about Directory Tiles because it has inherent value to our users, it aligns with our vision of a better Internet through trust and transparency, and it helps Mozilla become more diversified and sustainable as a project," Mozilla VP of content services Darren Herman wrote on the blog. "While we have not worked out the entire product roadmap, we are beginning to talk to content partners about the opportunity, and plan to start showing Directory Tiles to new Firefox users as soon as we have the user experience right."

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12 Feb 17:09

Titanfall is friendly, complex, thrilling and borrows wisely not from first-person shooters

by Michael McWhertor

When the Titanfall beta goes live later this week, players will experience a first-person shooter that takes some of the best competitive elements of other genres, not just the military shooters endlessly iterated on in the wake of Call of Duty: Modern Warfare's success.

Continue reading…

11 Feb 23:21

Bitcoin slachtoffer cyberaanval

Verschillende wisselbureaus voor Bitcoins hebben alle transacties geannuleerd vanwege een DDos-aanval. De aanval treft onder meer de populaire site Bitstamp.

Bij een DDos-aanval wordt een grote hoeveelheid dataverkeer naar servers gestuurd, waardoor die tijdelijk onbereikbaar worden. Volgens Bitstamp zijn er daardoor onduidelijkheden in de virtuele portemonnee van de gebruikers. Het bedrijf verzekert dat er geen geld is verdwenen.

Gisteren waren er al ernstige problemen bij Bitcoin-handelaar Mt. Gox. Het Japanse bedrijf moest ook alle transacties stilleggen vanwege mogelijke dubbele afboekingen.

Bitcoins zijn een virtuele munteenheid. Ze worden gemaakt door computers uiterst ingewikkelde berekeningen te laten doen. De koers fluctueert sterk. Dat is ook de reden dat toezichthouders als De Nederlandsche Bank consumenten voor Bitcoins waarschuwen.

11 Feb 23:19

What Xbox One and PS4 can learn from Steam's social capital (and why they won't)

by Ben Kuchera

Steam has changed the way we process and consume video games.

Continue reading…

11 Feb 23:18

The Bitcoin Community Is Convinced Today's Attack Is A Huge Buying Opportunity

by Rob Wile

Bitcoin Digital Currency Rainbow Pot of GoldOne of the bedrock arguments of Bitcoin evangelists is that whatever potential for misuse by Bitcoin itself, a widespread attack on Bitcoin services was not possible.

Today, that tenet no longer holds true.

Bitcoin wallets across the globe came under assault today, resulting in another mini-flash price crash one day after a statement from the MtGox exchange caused prices to fall 20%.

Yet almost without exception, the Bitcoin community is refusing to view the incident as anything other than a buying opportunity.

Here's the two-sentence version of what happened this afternoon: An unknown entity caused Bitcoin wallets at many exchanges, including the two largest USD-traded ones, to start misinterpreting transactions. The exchanges say no customers lost any money, but the exchanges have had to temporarily shut down withdrawals to correct the issue.

MtGox's recent issues may have been rooted in a similar attack, though some believe their problems may be more profound.

Whatever the case, Bitcoin fundamentalists remain undeterred. One of the first to spot and summarize the problems on MtGox was Max Hampel, a German physics student living in Austria who runs the blog Coinwatch. He says he is not worried, and simply sees it as a buying opportunity.

"Bitcoin is still secure, the network is still working," he said in an IM, adding that his financial interest in Bitcoin is both literally and figuratively negligible. "The developers are working on a fix to this problem, which is not even as grave as portrayed by Gox. These are just minor problems that will be solved as Bitcoin evolves. Don't panic, everything still works."

He said he remains on a s student's budget, but would have bought some if he had money to spare.

At least one exchange proved itself immune to the attack: Kraken, one of the only Bitcoin exchanges based in the U.S., though its volumes are dwarfed by exchanges like Bitstamp. In an email, site founder Jesse Powell explained that Kraken's wallets were already constructed to avoid precisely the outcome that befell the other exchanges. "We read the manual" he said.

And he says there is still no reason to doubt the currency.

"This problem has to do with poor design around Bitcoin, not Bitcoin itself.  You don't blame gravity when your plane fails to fly--you understand gravity and design around it. There's a tremendous buying opportunity right now.  I'm recommending everyone I know to jump in."

Oleg Andreev, a France-based software developer and commentator, offered a bit more caution. While he agreed Bitcoin will overcome this event, he admitted it's a sign the digital currency remains in its infancy. 

"Infrastructure around Bitcoin is being built this very moment," he said in an email. Exchanges could be better, personal wallets could be much better, ATMs are highly desired and not widely deployed yet, education is very lacking (technical, economical, political), easy website integration is lacking etc etc etc. Everyone who invests understands that to some degree. If Bitcoin appeared to be 'ready to use by your mom', then it'd be $1000000/BTC already and 20% of the world would use it daily."

The attack came hours after JPMorgan forex analyst John Normand released a note casting doubt on the digital currency's utility.

"What’s not to like about this system? A lot. Recall each of the three functions of money – medium of exchange, unit of account and store of value. As a medium of exchange bitcoin initially seems no better or worse than fiat currencies, since anything portable (like paper or an electronic data file) can be used as that medium so long as enough agents agree to use it. Therein lies bitcoin's limitation: with due apology to anarchists, there is no common power like a government to compel the public to use bitcoin as universally as its own fiat currency....

A virtual currency’s transactional use will always be limited unless it performs the other two functions of money better than a fiat currency. As a unit of account and store of value, bitcoin also falls well short of fiat currencies given its extreme volatility. ...Bitcoin's realized volatility has averaged 120% over the past three years, with a range of 50% to 400%. By comparison, typical G10 currency volatility is 8% with a range of 7% to 16% over the past three years."

Normand did not respond to request for comment about today's attack, though in his note he commented that, "Ironically the lack of external oversight may prove an obstacle to significant market deepening, since many market participants would prefer the accountability of known but fallible entities to one based on a mathematical code."

The price of Bitcoin as of 5 p.m. Eastern was $637, according to Coindesk.

SEE ALSO: Bitcoin's Emerging Civil War

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11 Feb 23:17

The Facebook-Publisher Dynamic Is Becoming Clearer

by Cooper Smith

Social Insider is a daily newsletter from BI Intelligence delivered first thing every morning exclusively to BI Intelligence subscribers. Sign up for a free trial of BI Intelligence today.


THE FACEBOOK-PUBLISHER DYNAMIC: During the past few months, we've been reporting that Facebook has been adjusting the algorithm that ranks the relevancy of content in the news feed. 

Facebook was explicit in stating that brands would need to pay to achieve the same audience reach they'd been enjoying before the change. We published a chart that showed an early effect this change had on brands' Facebook pages. Essentially, we observed that brand content was being seen by fewer people, but was generating higher engagement — so brands will react differently depending on their social marketing goals. 

Now we're also seeing how Facebook's changes to the news feed algorithm also seems to have had a significant impact on referral traffic to publishers. 

Viral content publishers that rely specifically on Facebook users to share their content appear to have been hit hard by Facebook's changes, according to Quantcast data compiled by Nicholas Carlson. 

Upworthy's traffic dipped to 48 million readers in January — still a huge audience, but down 46% in two months. Similar sites that aggregate news and change the original headlines to make them more "buzzy" also took a hit from Facebook referral traffic. 

Interestingly, BuzzFeed was the outlier amongst this crowd of new media publishers. Buzzfeed continued to see referrals increase from Facebook. Perhaps it's because BuzzFeed does produce some of its own original reporting and its CEO insists that they are building BuzzFeed to be the future of digitial media. However, Facebook executive Chris Cox, who oversees development of the news feed, reportedly said last fall that he had a "problem" with BuzzFeed content overrunning the news feed.

It seems BuzzFeed took that comment seriously, and might have even reduced the number of articles that it is now publishing. Interestingly, half as many BuzzFeed articles made it onto Facebook in December than the number that did in October

Facebook is essentially a content distributor, akin to cable providers in the television industry. "In this case, the cable providers are the distribution and they want TV content companies to make great show[s] so more people will sign up for cable," said BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti. Facebook wants its users to see a variety of quality content so that they spend more time using Facebook. Therefore, it seems that in order for publishers to play by Facebook's rules, they'll need to find a balance between quality and volume of content they produce. (BI Intelligence/Business Insider)

MORE SNAPCHAT SECURITY CONCERNS: A security researcher found that he could run a program that sends so many messages to a Snapchat user that it crashes the recipient's iPhone (it doesn't appear that he tested other mobile devices). The security hack is what's known as a denial of service (or, DoS). DoS attacks attempt to overload a server with thousands of requests in seconds, which can cause the entire service to crash. Twitter used to be a target of this type of hack in its early days. Snapchat needs to fix this vulnerability, and prevent future DoS attacks if it wants to mature into a reliable service for users. (The Guardian

SOCIAL NETWORKING IN THE BATHROOM: A new Nielsen study focused on the way in which consumers are watching television content at their own convenience, now that the average American consumer owns four digital devices. But for you social media aficionados, one of Nielsen's findings was that 40% of adults between the ages of 18 and 24 use social media in the bathroom. (Nielsen via CBS)

GILT GROUPE COULD FILE FOR IPO: Gilt Groupe, an e-commerce company that sells luxury merchandise at discount is reportedly preparing to file for an initial public offering, which will be managed financially by Goldman Sachs. Goldman is also an investor in Gilt. The company is expected to file for a third quarter offering in 2014. (Bloomberg and Re/code)

FACEBOOK CEO DONATES FORTUNE: Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg and his wife Priscilla Chan made the largest single donation in 2013, valued at nearly $1 billion (in Facebook stock). The donation went to the Silicon Valley Community Foundation, which makes strategic grants in economic security, education, and immigrant integration, among other causes. Zuckerberg's monetary donation represented approximately 13% of all funds donated by the U.S.'s top fifty donors in 2013. (CNN)

THE THREAT FROM 'LIKE' FARMS: A growing threat to Facebook's business model could be the emergence of click farms, companies based in countries such as Egypt, India, and the Philippines that are paid to like posts on Facebook, thus inflating a brand's seeming popularity. This is a problem even for legitimate businesses not paying click farms for likes, because the click farms also click on real content to mask their activity. When that happens, businesses might end up paying Facebook for clicks they've received on their pages that do not actually reflect real user engagement. (Washington Post)

GAP SHARES ITS SECRET: Gap claims to be the first brand to have posted a message on Secret, the new anonymous social app that's particularly popular with tech folks. Mashable notes that Gap has also been among the first brands to advertise on other new(ish) social networks like Instagram and Vine. (Mashable)

Here's what else BI Intelligence subscribers are reading

Social Media's New Big Data Frontiers — Artificial Intelligence, Deep Learning, And Predictive Marketing

LinkedIn Engagement Weakens But Its Ad Business Keeps Growing

Nearly One In Five US Millennials Are Mobile-Only Internet Users

US Smartphone Penetration Ticks Up To 65% In The Fourth Quarter, But Growth Is Slowing 

Twitter Engagement Is Declining, And User Growth Is Slowing

Facebook Is Still Hugely Popular With Millennials

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11 Feb 19:14

The Bitcoin bump: stores turn to virtual currency for a marketing boost

by Adrianne Jeffries

Sapan Shah started accepting the virtual currency Bitcoin at his Subway franchise in the Philadelphia suburb of Allentown in November. Almost immediately, people began trickling in from out of state just to experience the novelty of buying a sandwich with their digital coins.

Andrew Torba and a friend drove 45 minutes. "During the ride we spoke about the potential Bitcoin had to completely revolutionize global commerce and finance, which only heightened the anticipation to make our first purchase," he wrote in a blog post titled "I Bought Subway with Bitcoin and It Was Awesome."

Shah started getting attention on Reddit, then from local media. Two weeks after he started accepting Bitcoin, he was on CNBC. His story has also been...

Continue reading…

11 Feb 19:12

Sony's latest MP3 player comes inside a bottle of water

by Chris Welch

Sony's W Series Walkman is a barebones MP3 player with one key selling point: it's waterproof. But that can be a difficult thing to highlight on store shelves — at least when you're limited to traditional retail packaging. For its customers in New Zealand, Sony decided to try something different. With the help of ad firm DraftFCB, the company came up with a brilliant plan to help set its product apart from alternatives like Apple's iPod shuffle. The earbud/MP3 player combo comes packaged inside a full bottle of water, a clever marketing tactic that immediately highlights its waterproof construction.

From there, Sony concentrated on product placement for this "bottled Walkman," selling it in vending machines at gyms and indoor pool...

Continue reading…

11 Feb 19:10

MSRT February 2014 - Jenxcus

by msft-mmpc

​We have been seeing a lot more VBScript malware in recent months, thanks in most part to VBS/Jenxcus. Jenxcus is a worm coded in VBScript that is capable of propagating via removable drives. Its payload opens a backdoor on an infected machine, allowing it to be controlled by a remote attacker. For the past few months we have seen the number of affected machines remain constantly high. For this reason we have included Jenxcus in the February release of the Microsoft Malicious Software Removal Tool (MSRT).

Jenxcus machine infections

Figure 1: Jenxcus machine infections October 2013 – January 2014

Although Jenxcus is not a very complex malware, it seems to be successful in taking advantage of social engineering attacks - where the malicious script file is commonly bundled with other programs. When the program bundle is executed Jenxcus runs silently in the background. We have seen these bundled programs hosted in certain websites and also seeded in some torrent files.

Figure 2 shows an example of a spoofed YouTube site (take note that this is a fake YouTube site) that can be used to attack users of social media services such as Facebook and Twitter by luring them to watch a video. When attempting to play the video, the site serves a fake Flash Player update which is bundled with Jenxcus.

Jenxcus is bundled with a fake Flash Player

Figure 2: Jenxcus is bundled with a fake Flash Player update on a fake video hosting site

Another reason why Jenxcus is affecting a large number of machines is due to its worm capability which propagates via removable drives. If a removable drive is found on the infected machine, most Jenxcus variants create a shortcut that uses the same name as personal files found in the drive. The shortcut points to a copy of the malware, and thus users can be caught off-guard by thinking the shortcut link points to a trusted clean file. As shown in Figure 3, when the shortcut link is run it will silently execute Servieca.vbs in the background while also playing my song.mp3 to avoid any suspicion from the user.

the shortcut link also runs Servieca.vbs

Figure 3: When the shortcut link is run it will also silently execute Servieca.vbs

Jenxcus also has backdoor capabilities - it connects to a host which provides it with commands to execute. The host is usually hardcoded into the worm. Most of the host sites are leveraging no-ip.org to avoid being easily traced.

the shortcut link also runs Servieca.vbs

Figure 4:  Jenxcus uses no-ip.org as its host

The latest variants of Jenxcus are now typically obfuscated to evade easy detection. Figure 5 shows an example of how an obfuscated Jenxcus variant looks.

Obfuscated Jenxcus variant

Figure 5: An obfuscated Jenxcus variant

In this particular example, the obfuscator inserted a combination of a random set of garbage numbers and characters in between the code. Removing this would leave decimal values that, when converted to ASCII characters, would reveal the original code.

Given the tricks and evasion techniques employed by Jenxcus, we recommend you run up-to-date, real-time antimalware software and enable scanning on removable drives.

Being vigilant with your clicks and downloads will also help prevent Jenxcus and other threats from getting inside your system.

Francis Allan Tan Seng and Ferdinand Plazo
MMPC

11 Feb 19:04

Social Influence Measurement Site Klout Is About To Be Sold For At Least $100 Million

by Steve Kovach

klout joe fernandez

Klout, a site that measures your influence on social media, is about to be sold for at least $100 million to Lithium technologies, according to Recode. The deal isn't closed, but papers have been signed, according to the report.

Lithium Technologies makes tools that brands can use to provide customer service on social networks.

The acquisition makes sense. It would be very helpful to brands to know how influential people tweeting about their products and services are. Klout gives social media users a score on a 100-point scale that measures their influence based on a secret algorithm.

Klout denied to comment.

We're digging for more information and will update this story shortly.

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11 Feb 08:28

The Guy Who Plays 'Thor' Villain Loki Raced In The Pouring Rain In Last Night's 'Top Gear' Episode

by Alex Davies

The second episode in the new season of the BBC's "Top Gear" got a ratings boost on Sunday night, thanks in part to the appearance of Tom Hiddleston, better known as Loki, the villain/anti-hero of the Marvel films "The Avengers" and "Thor: The Dark World."

Hiddleston's was the guest for this week's installment of "Star in a Reasonably-Priced Car," and he had the bad luck to be racing a Vauxhall Astra Techline around the Top Gear track in the pouring rain.

Despite stalling the car right off the line on his first try, Hiddleston ran the lap in 1 minute, 49.9 seconds. That's faster than the time set a week earlier by Hugh Bonneville of "Downton Abbey" (also in the rain), and the same as Ron Howard, who didn't contend with wet weather.

According to The Mirror, this episode of Top Gear registered 5.5 million viewers, 200,000 more than last week's, the season premiere. The episode also featured Jeremy Clarkson driving on a Formula 1 circuit in the McLaren P1, a strong contender for best car on the planet. U.S. viewers can catch it on BBC America on Monday, February 17.

Here's the full video:

Top Gear: Guest - Tom Hiddleston from neverthesaint on Vimeo.

And some behind the scenes content from the show's blog:

SEE ALSO: This Is What Atlanta's Supermarkets Look Like Before A Storm

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10 Feb 20:28

TV's 'House' Held The Solution To A Real-Life Medical Mystery

by Lauren F Friedman

hugh laurie dr house

In May 2012, a 55-year-old man arrived at a clinic at the University of Marburg in Germany with severe heart failure and a disturbing mix of ailments that had grown progressively worse.

His doctors were stumped.

Gina Kolata describes his symptoms in the New York Times:

He had low thyroid hormone levels, inflammation of his esophagus and fever of unknown origin. His loss of vision was so profound he was almost blind, and his loss of hearing so severe he was almost deaf. Most perilous of all, his heart had weakened so much it could not pump hard enough to supply blood to his body.

In a paper just published in the journal The Lancet, the Marburg doctors note that "his medical history was mostly uneventful, apart from the fact that he had had both hips replaced."

This observation would prove crucial, as would the doctors' media consumption. 

The medical team was familiar with the TV show House, in which Hugh Laurie plays a Sherlock-type title character — a master of solving medical mysteries. (They have even used the show for teaching, they said.)

In unraveling the patient's strange web of symptoms, the German doctors remembered one episode in which the fake patient (played by Candice Bergen) had been poisoned by cobalt used in her hip replacement.

On a House-related hunch, the real-life doctors measured their patient's cobalt level. "It was a thousand times the level considered normal," Kolata reports.

What had happened? The man had had a ceramic hip before his metal one, and a doctor had left behind bits of ceramic that rubbed against the new metal joint.

Here you can see a visible hole in the metal prosthetic they removed from the man:

PIIS0140673614600374.gr1.lrgAfter the patient received a new ceramic hip and an implanted defibrillator, the poisoning subsided, his fever and esophageal problems went away, and his heart improved. Sadly, he did not significantly regain his vision or hearing.

Cobalt poisoning from hip replacements is not common, even with metal-on-metal artificial hips.

"The stability of cobalt" — when combined with other components used in artificial hips — "made this metal an excellent and stable compound in hip prosthetics," The Lancet doctors write.

"Literally tens of thousands of people had these hips without [such] problems," Larry A. Allen of the University of Colorado told The Times.

But when metal hips are placed incorrectly by surgeons or combined with ceramic hips, cobalt poisoning is a small risk. It's "an increasingly recognised and life-threatening problem," the Lancet paper concludes.

SEE ALSO: The Stranger-Than-Fiction Story Of A Woman Who Was Her Own Twin

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10 Feb 20:23

'Fish on Wheels' lets a goldfish drive a go-kart

by Russell Brandom

For millennia, fish have been restrained in their ruthless global conquest by a simple inability to survive on dry land. Lacking the capacity to navigate unsubmerged territories, piscine empires were confined to the sea, while human civilization was left in relative peace on the remaining portions of the Earth.

Continue reading…

10 Feb 20:20

Bill Gates Says He Would Pick Up $100 If He Found It On The Ground

by Dylan Love

Bill Gates is doing an Ask Me Anything Q&A on Reddit. To publicize it, this promo video came out in which he answers three teaser questions of sorts. We were most intrigued by Gates' answer to a rather innocuous question: If you saw a $100 bill on the ground, would you pick it up?

Gates says in the video that "all my thoughts about money were formed at a time when $100 really was a substantial amount of money. If it's lying there, maybe it belongs to somebody and you ought to find it for them and return it to them. It'd be nice. They're probably fairly distraught about having dropped it. But I would pick it up and give it to [The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation] because there, $100 actually buys quite a bit."

Watch the full video and get answers to the other two questions below.

SEE ALSO: Bill Gates welcomes Satya Nadella

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10 Feb 20:18

15 Annoying Grammatical Mistakes That People Always Make

by Christina Sterbenz

bad grammar

We've already written about the most common grammatical mistakes, but to find out what word-related wrongdoing really irks people, we turned to the Internet. 

Quora and Reddit users started two similar threads about the English errors they find most "annoying." We listed the worst of the worst. 

1. "It's" instead of "its"

"I see it so much that I now expect to see it. I will be reading an article, distracted by the dreadful anticipation of knowing it's coming. Then wham, I read a sentence like, "[T]he fire department said that it's equipment is outdated," and I will be brought to a rage," Michael Wolfe wrote as Quora's top comment.

Use "it's" as a contraction to replace "it is." Use "its" as a possessive pronoun to show ownership.

Example 1: It's raining.

Example 2: The dog wanted its bone.

Note: The top comment on Reddit actually corrected the original question, which asked about "grammar errors." "Grammatical errors," in reality, is proper, as user A40 wrote.

2. "I" and "me" in the wrong spots

"I" will always be the subject of a sentence or clause, whereas "me" will be the object. "Me" should follow any preposition (of, in, on, etc.) and function as both the indirect and direct object in a sentence.

3. "I guess using an apostrophe for plural's," Reddit user wekiva joked.

Only possessive words (and contractions) require apostrophes. 

Quora user Bruce Feldman discovered an entire website dedicated to photographic evidence of this terrible phenomenon.

4. Improper ellipses

Surprisingly, this appeared high on both sites' threads.

"Ellipsis. Ellipses are three dots. Three. Not two, not four. Three," Tzuwei Chen wrote on Quora. There should also be a space on either side.

And using four dots — a period follow by an ellipses — is actually correct at the end of a sentence, as Reddit user wethrgirl noted. 

5. Using "than" instead of "then"

"Then" conveys time, while "than" is used for comparison. 

Example 1: We left the party and then went home.

Example 2: We would rather go home than stay at the party.

6. Confusing homophones

Homophones — words that sound the same but have different meanings — weren't explicitly mentioned in either site's list, but we wanted to categorize these complaints. 

The homophones include: 

  • They're, their, there
  • You're, your
  • could have, could of; should have, should of; would have, would of
  • affect, effect

For the first, "they're" is a contraction of "they are." "Their" is a possessive pronoun. And finally, "there" is a location.

Similarly, "you're" is the contraction of "you are," while "your" is a possessive pronoun. 

You should eliminate "could of," "should of," and "would of" from your vocabulary entirely. 

The last, using affect or effect, deserves its own section.

7. Using "affect" instead of "effect"

Use the acronym AVENUE to determine when to use the different forms. "Affect is a verb and effect is a noun, unless it's one of the rare exceptions.

These exceptions are: when someone "effects change" and "affect" as a psychological symptom. 

8. Using "less" instead of "fewer"

"If you can count it, it's 'fewer,' if you can't count it, you use 'less,'  Reddit user bigbangtheory_ wrote.

"It's fewer marbles and less jam. One counts marbles but not jam," Quora user Roderick Chow wrote.

9. Using "over" instead of "more than"

"Over is a spacial comparison. 'The bird flies over the house.' More than is appropriate for volume comparisons. 'She makes more than he does per hour,'" Reddit user geaster wrote.

10. "Alot"

A lot is two words — no exceptions. You wouldn't write "alittle," so why write "alot?"

"Every time I see 'a lot' written as 'alot' I experience a fleeting, but very real homicidal urge," Quora user Emma-Francis Rutherford admitted.

11. Using adjectives instead of adverbs

"Let's walk quiet." "I'll do it careful" "Make sure to stir it gentle." I grit my teeth every time I hear it," Quora user Jim Seidman wrote.

Some people praise these "flat adverbs" though.

Traditionally though, if you're describing how you do something (a verb), you need an adverb, which will likely end in "-ly."

Example: Let's walk quietly. 

12. Improper comma use

"Far too many people seem to think that punctuation use is a personal choice as opposed to a part of grammar. Were I not opposed to murder, I would hunt down Cormac McCarthy and kill him," Quora user Ara Ogle said.

Check out BI's complete guide to using commas without looking like an idiot. Our style guide dictates we use the oxford comma (the last comma in a series), but some of our reporters vehemently disagree

13. Irregardless

This isn't an accepted word. Never use it.

14. Using "to" instead of "too"

"To" is either the start of an infinitive or a preposition. "Too" is an adverb to express excess. 

15. Confusing "loose" and "lose"

"Loose" is an adjective that means "not tight." When you "lose" something, however, it's no longer in your possession.

SEE ALSO: How To Use Quotation Marks Without Looking Like An Idiot

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10 Feb 20:16

Here's What Bill Gates Thinks About Bitcoin

by Jillian D'Onfro

Bill Gates AMA

Bill Gates is hosting an AMA on Reddit right now.

Redditors have asked questions about everything from his new role at Microsoft to what his most expensive guilty pleasure purchase was (for the record: his private plane). One user asked him what his thoughts were about cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. Here's how Gates replied:

The foundation is involved in digital money but unlike Bitcoin it would not be anonymous digital money. In Kenya M-pesa is being used for almost half of all transactions. Digital money has low transaction costs which is great for the poor because they need to do financial transactions with small amounts of money. Over the next 5 years I think digital money will catch on in India and parts of Africa and help the poorest a lot.

SEE ALSO: Popular budgeting app Mint adds Bitcoin support with Coinbase

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10 Feb 10:34

Top 10 Most Pirated Movies of The Week – 02/10/14

by Ernesto

thordarkThis week we have two newcomers in our chart.

Thor: The Dark World is the most downloaded movie for the second week in a row.

The data for our weekly download chart is estimated by TorrentFreak, and is for informational and educational reference only. All the movies in the list are BD/DVDrips unless stated otherwise.

RSS feed for the weekly movie download chart.

Ranking (last week) Movie IMDb Rating / Trailer
torrentfreak.com
1 (1) Thor: The Dark World 7.6 / trailer
2 (3) Homefront 6.8 / trailer
3 (9) Ride Along 6.5 / trailer
4 (…) Gravity 8.2 / trailer
5 (5) The Wolf Of Wall Street (DVDscr) 7.0 / trailer
6 (…) The Art Of The Steal 6.7 / trailer
7 (7) Frozen 8.1 / trailer
8 (4) Ender’s Game 6.8 / trailer
9 (8) The Secret Life of Walter Mitty (DVDscr) 7.7 / trailer
10 (2) The Hunger Games: Catching Fire 8.2 / trailer

Source: TorrentFreak, for the latest info on copyright, file-sharing and VPN services.

09 Feb 19:29

Busted Android Store Founder to Crowdfund Battle Against U.S. Govt

by Andy

At age 15 most teenagers are having fun online and Aaron from Mississippi was no exception. But while most are chatting on Facebook or watching videos on YouTube, this young man had bigger things in mind.

Before his 16th birthday Aaron had launched Applanet, a service dedicated to the sharing of Android software. While the site’s growth and success was undoubtedly exciting for the teenager, by his 18th birthday things had taken a turn for the worse.

Applanet

On the morning of August 21, 2012, heavily armed FBI agents raided Aaron’s parents’ home, described in official documents as a “one-story house, gray in color” and pictured with a sit-down lawnmower outside. The lack of any kind of criminal record didn’t dampen the official response from federal agents.

“They were fully armed, because you know how dangerous a recently turned 18-year-old geek with no criminal history can be,” Aaron’s friends now explain.

“The mighty feds got a search and seizure warrant to raid Aaron’s home and confiscate all of his stuff. They took pretty much everything that had a power cord or a battery, even if it wasn’t remotely related to apps. The house was trashed.”

Aaron House

While Aaron was trying to recover from his shock, the government was speaking with the media. The Department of Justice said that seizure orders had been executed against three website domain names – applanet.net, appbucket.net and snappzmarket.com – which were said to have engaged in the illegal distribution of copyrighted Android apps. They were the very first seizures of their kind.

“Criminal copyright laws apply to apps for cell phones and tablets, just as they do to other software, music and writings,” U.S. Attorney Yates announced.

“These laws protect and encourage the hard work and ingenuity of software developers entering this growing and important part of our economy. We will continue to seize and shut down websites that market pirated apps, and to pursue those responsible for criminal charges if appropriate.”

Now, 18 months later, Aaron is still in limbo while the government continues to build its case against him. The 19-year-old is putting up a fight, but of course that’s costing money. The cash put up so far by his family isn’t going to get him through a trial so to try and bridge the gap his friends have launched the Friends of Aaron Indiegogo campaign. They’re aiming to raise $50K, with any surplus automatically getting donated to the EFF.

TorrentFreak caught up with Aaron’s lawyer, Rain Minns of Rain Minns Law in Austin, Texas, to find out more about the campaign and her client’s predicament.

“I can tell you a little bit about Aaron. He’s 19 years old, has never had any type of criminal record, and doesn’t even have a drivers’ license. His life and friends are on-line. So, when the feds came and took his connection to the internet, they took away Aaron’s entire connection to friends,” Minns told TF.

“Friends of Aaron knows that Aaron does not have the money to fight against the massive resources that the U.S. federal government has put into this international power play. I can only guess, but I would suspect that hundreds of thousands of dollars have been spent in this attempt to throw Aaron into prison. The $50k is underestimated, but we do not need to match the feds dollar for dollar. The feds are not known for being cost effective,” Minns explains.

While Aaron is likely to be charged with offenses related to software piracy, Minns believes that her client is innocent and should respond accordingly.

“I believe that an innocent person should never plead guilty. The key for Aaron’s defense is to be able to have the funds to level the playing field against the resources of the feds,” Minns explains.

And leveling the playing field won’t be easy. Minns gave TF a list of expenses that will be burned through in defending Aaron, from the hiring of technology experts to counter the expensive ones the government will put forward to the anticipated cost of document analysts “in case the feds try to bury us in paperwork.”

“Justice is not something that should be about the size of a person’s wallet. For instance, I don’t see government raids of YouTube. To the contrary, YouTube was sued by another corporation and won the case on summary judgment (i.e. without even needing a trial). But, when it comes to a 19-year-old teenager, it’s a different story.”

The Friends of Aaron Indiegogo campaign, which carries more documentation on the raid and aftermath, can be found here.

Source: TorrentFreak, for the latest info on copyright, file-sharing and VPN services.

09 Feb 19:18

Tim Cook Admits Apple Has Stopped Growing In North America

by Jim Edwards

Tim Cook

On Friday, the Wall Street Journal published an excellent Q&A with Tim Cook, CEO of Apple. Cook was coming off his fiscal Q1 2014 earnings call, on which was savaged by investors. The stock fell immediately by 8% after Wall Street analysts began asking whether there was any growth left at Apple.

In the Journal's Q&A, there's a startling admission from Cook that — perhaps unsurprisingly — was not highlighted by the Apple fanboy tech blogs that generate so much interest around the company's products.

Cook was asked about the companies revenues in various countries. And then he began talking about America (emphasis added):

North America was a challenge. We had no growth basically as you could see from our results and that of course pulls down the top line because the weight is so large.

"We had no growth."

It's an honest and forthright answer. But it's also the kind of thing that CEOs tend not to say publicly, even if they are true. That is why it is so surprising, and why it's even more surprising that the statement has gotten so little coverage. (Can you imagine what the headlines would be if Microsoft CEO Satya Nadella had said the same thing? "Microsoft is dead in America!" would be the mild version.)

There is some context here, of course. Apple has still shown robust growth worldwide, as this chart of its total revenues shows:

AppleQuarterlyRevenueSegments

Cook put that growth in perspective. Basically, because Apple is so huge, it's hard to continue producing amazing percentage leaps in growth even when you're adding billions in sales every year:

Last year, we grew (revenue) by $14 billion to $15 billion. Yes, those percentages are smaller compared to a year earlier and two years earlier and so forth. But that doesn’t mean that you’re not a growth company. We were in hyper-growth, or whatever is above growth. We went from $65 billion to over $100 billion to $150 billion to $170 billion. These are historic, unprecedented numbers. I don’t know any companies adding growth at that level. So when you say $14 billion to $15 billion compared to those numbers, it’s clearly smaller and a smaller percentage, but, to put it in some context, that’s like adding three Fortune 500 companies in a year. I think that’s hard to say that’s not a growth company.

And yet, Apple's growth in the U.S. — the world's richest market — is threatened. Here's what declining growth at Apple looks like in the form of iPhone sales ...

iPhoneSales

... and iPad sales:

ipad sales q4 2013

That is why Apple fans need to do some more serious thinking about the growth of Android. By some measures, Android's share of the smartphone market has reached 80%. It may be the case that the phones running the Android operating system as not as slick as iPhone, and it may be that the amount of cool apps available for Android is fewer than those for Apple's iOS system.

The market tends not to ignore 80% dominance for long. (You can debate just how dominant Android is in various countries. Here are some market share charts. But there is broad agreement that Android has more users in than Apple in huge stretches of the world.)

Cook, however, does not seem to be worried that Apple may get boxed in to a minority of high-end users, the way its Macs were in the 1980s and 1990s:

I look at the mobile phone market as having three kinds of phones: feature phones, smartphones that function as or are used as feature phones, and real smartphones. I care about the market share of the last one. I don’t care how many feature phones are sold. The more that are sold I look at as good because those are all potential future customers for real smartphones. The same thing goes for the second category. I’d like to convert as many of those as possible to real smartphones.

When Cook refers to "smartphones that function as or are used as feature phones" he appears to be referring to Android phones. We've noted repeatedly that Android users use the functionality of their phones a lot less than iPhone users do, which is one reason why app developers prefer to create stuff for iPhone.

But Apple fans ought to worry that Cook has a mistaken view of how powerful Android is. Android phones — particularly the high-end ones — can do 95% of what iPhones can do, at a fraction of the cost. There is a good chance that many of those users are simply never going to convert to Apple, for the same reason that Ford drivers never convert to Rolls Royce. Sure, a Rolls is nicer than a Ford. But both get from A to B equally fast, and the Ford does it cheaper.

This goes to the core of Apple's growth problem. Growth has halted in North America, yet Apple does not see Android as a threat.

That's a very optimistic view to take, because the price of that view being wrong will be very high indeed.

Postscript: Cook also made it obvious that Apple was working on at least one brand new product category. In recent years, Apple has gotten all its growth from simply inventing new products that didn't exist before like the iPhone, the iPod and the iPad. So this entire debate may be moot — Apple may shrug at declining growth in mobile device sales the same way it shrugs at the dwindling desktop and laptop business, because in the future it will be generating its new sales from Apple TV or iWatch or some other amazing new gadget.

SEE ALSO: This Android Chart Explains Why Apple CEO Tim Cook Is Obsessed With China

SEE ALSO: GOOGLE'S DIRTY SECRET: Android Phones Are Basically Used As Dumbphones

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09 Feb 19:11

EU To Reassess Ties After Swiss Voters Back Migrant Curbs

by Agence France Presse

zurich immigration swiss sign

The European Commission said it would assess EU ties with Switzerland after the Alpine country voted Sunday to limit immigration from the European Union, its biggest trading partner by far.

"The EU will examine the implications of this initiative on EU-Swiss relations as a whole," said a statement after Swiss results showed a narrow victory for a proposal pushed by right-wing populists.

The European Commission said it "regrets" the Swiss vote, which "goes against the principle of free movement of persons between the EU and Switzerland."

Although Switzerland is not an EU member, it signed onto the EU accord for free movement of citizens in 1999 and implemented it from 2002.

While Sunday's vote focused only on that issue, fall-out from the result could imperil Switzerland's trade with the big European bloc, which its economy depends on. Brussels has already made it clear that Bern cannot cherry-pick among EU advantages.

An estimated 400,000 Swiss citizens live in the EU, many of them dual nationals, while more than a million EU citizens currently live in Switzerland.

 

Copyright (2014) AFP. All rights reserved.

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09 Feb 13:38

Another Major Bitcoin Exchange May Be In Deep Trouble After A Bust In Florida

by Rob Wile

Bitcoin Money Sack with Digital Currency RobotOn the surface, the case looks relatively innocuous: Two Miami residents were arrested this week for trying to sell Bitcoin to undercover cops who said they wanted to use the digital currency to buy fake credit cards.

Pascal Reid, 28, and Abner Espinoza, 31, have been charged with money laundering after being approached on LocalBitcoins.com, an online exchange based in Finland, by Florida detectives working in conjunction with the Secret Service.

Digital security guru Brian Krebs was the first to spot the case.

It's not the first time people have been busted for allegedly trying to use Bitcoin to make illicit purchases. 

But Krebs talked to researchers who say it looks like the opening salvo in an attempt to put a lid on LocalBitcoins.com, one of the last remaining venues for purchasing Bitcoin anonymously. The head of BitInstant, another anonymous exchange, was also just charged with money laundering.

LocalBitcoins.com allows users to trade Bitcoin in person by finding the address of buyers and sellers closest to your physical address. That might seem like no anonymity is involved, but in practice actual addresses are never revealed, many transactions occur online, and if the two parties do meet in person, they usually don't ask each other's names. As of December, the site was seeing up to 3,000 Bitcoins traded a day. 

The criminal complaints [embedded below] in the two cases shows U.S. law enforcement continues to view the Bitcoin market in somewhat adversarial terms. They also show how large now-shuttered illicit marketplace Silk Road looms in their approach to the digital currency:

"Owing to its high degree of anonymity, Bitcoin is also ideally suited for illegal purchases," the complaint says. "An online illicit website called Silk Road offered the ability to buy narcotics exclusively using Bitcoin. The high degree of anonymity makes Bitcoin a useful medium for laundering money because it is virtually impossible to trace bitcoin transactions to the owner of the bitcoin addresses."

 “I’d expect many more state cases like this one because it will act to strangle the lifeblood of the online dark markets,” such as Silk Road, Nicholas Weaver of the International Computer Science Institute (ICSI) and the University of California, Berkeley told Krebs. “If you want a significant amount of anonymous Bitcoins, right now this community is about the only mechanism still available.”

Reid and Espinoza are also being charged with operating an unlicensed money transmission business. Here are the complaints:

Def Reid

Def Espinoza

SEE ALSO: The Emerging Bitcoin Civil War

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09 Feb 10:35

Betoging tegen Turkse internetwet

De politie in de Turkse stad Istanbul heeft duizenden betogers met traangas en waterkanonnen verjaagd. Ze protesteerden tegen inperking van de internetvrijheid.

Woensdag stemde het parlement in met een wet die de autoriteiten meer mogelijkheden geeft om websites offline te halen. Volgens de oppositie probeert de regering zo de vrijheid van meningsuiting in te perken.

"Ik betaal zelf voor mijn internetverbinding, maar de regering bepaalt wat ik mag zien", zei een betoger tegen het Franse persbureau AFP. Premier Erdogan zegt dat de wet vooral bedoeld is om de privacy van burgers te beschermen.

Monddood

Onder meer de mensenrechtenorganisatie Human Rights Watch, de Amerikaanse regering en voorzitter Schulz van het Europees Parlement noemen de maatregel een stap terug. Als de telecomtoezichthouder zonder officiële aanklacht een website op zwart kan zetten, kan dat leiden tot het monddood maken van tegenstanders van de regering, is de kritiek.

Taksimplein

De betogers in Istanbul scandeerden "Stop de censuur" en een aantal mensen gooide met vuurwerk en stenen naar de politie. Ze wilden oprukken naar het Taksimplein, maar de politie verhinderde dat.

In de straten rond het Taksimplein wierpen demonstranten barricades op en staken ze vuilnisbakken in brand. Ze eisen dat de regering van premier Erdogan opstapt.

09 Feb 10:23

Dyson invests over $8 million into robot research lab (and it’s not just for vacuums)

by Engadget

Dyson has announced that it’ll invest £5 million into a robotics labs at Imperial College London, aimed at developing vision systems to help robots “understand and adapt to the world around them.” The company had in fact planned to launch a robotic vacuum cleaner way back in 2001, but Sir Dyson said the prototype was too heavy and expensive… and it never hit stores. This time, research won’t only concern itself with automated vacuums but other domestic robots, according to the BBC. Dyson has apparently been working on robotics with Imperial College since 2005: the university’s Professor Andrew Davison is set to head up the new lab.

“We now have the mechanical and electronic capabilities, but robots still lack understanding”

James Dyson says there’s still a lot of work to be done: “My generation believed the world would be overrun by robots by the year 2014. We now have the mechanical and electronic capabilities, but robots still lack understanding… mastering this will make our lives easier and lead to previously unthinkable technologies.” — and probably some new Dyson hardware that’s harder to imitate.

Filed under: Household, Robots

Comments

Source: BBC

The post Dyson invests over $8 million into robot research lab (and it’s not just for vacuums) appeared first on AIVAnet.

08 Feb 18:27

King Of The Netherlands Celebrates As Dutch Sweep Olympic Speed Skating Event

by Cork Gaines

King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands was on hand in Sochi as the Dutch took all three medals in the 5,000-meter men's speed skating event.

Sven Kramer set an Olympic record winning the gold medal. He was followed by countrymen Jon Blokhuijsen and Jorrit Bergsma, who won silver and bronze respectively.

The King (in orange jacket below) sat with his wife, Queen Máxima, and they did not hold back their allegiance during the event, often standing, cheering, and even dancing. When the final heat was over and the Dutch won all three medals, the King and Queen gave a standing ovation (via BBC).

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07 Feb 13:35

This Is What An In-Air Gasman Sees When Refueling An F-35 Lightening [Photo]

by Jeremy Bender

In Air Gas Refuel

The U.S. Department of Defense just shared an out-of-this-world photo on Twitter.

This is what refueling tanker operators see when they go to the pump and take part in refueling missions.

The plane refueling is an F-35 Lightning, developed by Lockheed Martin. The F-35 is a multirole fighter, combining advanced stealth ability with the speed and agility of a fighter.

Aerial refueling allows pilots to stay in the air longer before landing. It also has the added benefit of allowing a plane to take off with a heavier than usual payload since it's tanks can always be topped off in-air.

SEE ALSO: This Is How The Air Force Doubles The Combat Range Of Its Fighter Jets

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07 Feb 11:06

This Obscure Gas Improves Athletes' Performance — And It's Legal For Now

by The Economist

Xenon discharge tube

XENON is one of the shyest members of the periodic table of the elements. Chemically, it is almost inert, and physically, it makes up only 0.000009% of the atmosphere, so it is not surprising that it was among the last of the naturally occurring elements to be identified, in 1898. Biologically, however, it is not shy at all. In some countries, notably Russia, it is used as an anaesthetic. It is also known to protect body tissues from the effects of low temperatures, lack of oxygen and even physical trauma. In particular, it increases levels of erythropoietin, also known as EPO, a hormone that encourages the formation of red blood cells.

Xenon's protective and EPO-boosting properties mean it is being investigated as a treatment for babies whose brains have accidentally been starved of oxygen during birth, and of adults who have had heart attacks. But it is also, in Russia, being used as a way to improve athletic performance.

Xenon works its magic by activating production of a protein called Hif-1 alpha. This acts as a transcription factor: a chemical switch that turns on production of a variety of other proteins, one of which is EPO. Artificially raising levels of EPO, by injecting synthetic versions of the hormone or by taking so-called Hif stabilisers (drugs that discourage the breakdown of Hif-1 alpha), is illegal under the rules of the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA). Other methods of boosting the hormone, however, are permissible--and that fact has not gone unnoticed by the Russian sports authorities. Athletes are allowed to live or train at altitude, or sleep in a low-oxygen tent, in order to stimulate red-cell production. If xenon treatment is merely replicating low-oxygen environments by replacing oxygen with xenon, then its use to enhance athletic performance is permissible.

The use of xenon by athletes certainly has government blessing. A document produced in 2010 by the State Research Institute of the Ministry of Defence sets out guidelines for the administration of the gas to athletes. It advises using it before competitions to correct listlessness and sleep disruption, and afterwards to improve physical recovery. The recommended dose is a 50:50 mixture of xenon and oxygen, inhaled for a few minutes, ideally before going to bed. The gas's action, the manual states, continues for 48-72 hours, so repeating every few days is a good idea. And for last-minute jitters, a quick hit an hour before the starting gun can help.

The benefits, the manual suggests, include increasing heart and lung capacity, preventing muscle fatigue, boosting testosterone and improving an athlete's mood. Similar benefits have been noted in papers in Russian scientific journals, and in conference presentations describing tests of xenon on mountain climbers, paddlers, soldiers and pilots.

And the gas appears to have been used in past Olympics. The website of Atom Medical Centre, a Russian medical-xenon producer, cites national honours the company received for its efforts in preparing athletes for the 2004 summer Olympics and the 2006 winter games.

Something the published Russian reports do not go into, however, are measurements of EPO or Hif-1 alpha. Yet animal studies elsewhere have demonstrated xenon's dramatic effects on both. One such, carried out in 2009 by Mervyn Maze at Imperial College, London, found that exposing mice to a mixture of 70% xenon and 30% oxygen for two hours more than doubled the animals' EPO levels a day later. Another, by Xiaoqiang Ding of Fudan University in Shanghai, found that Hif-1 alpha levels in mice stayed high for up to 48 hours after treatment. By contrast, mice put in a low-oxygen enclosure saw an EPO increase that lasted less than two hours.

Similar physiological effects may take place in people. In healthy adults, two hours in a low-oxygen chamber raises EPO levels by 50%, and the effect disappears (as in mice) within a few hours. The Russian manual indicates, by contrast, that xenon's benefits last for days--as might be expected if they were caused by the sort of Hif-1 alpha response seen in mice.

Whether xenon treatment will pass muster if and when WADA scrutinises it remains to be seen--and will no doubt depend on the finer points of the gas's biological action, many of which are still muddy. In the meantime, sports trainers around the world might be tempted to follow Russia's example, and reap xenon's benefits before the regulators catch up.

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07 Feb 11:04

Olympic Luger Crashes At 55 MPH, Finishes Race In An Unbelievable Recovery

by Tony Manfred

luge crash olympics

Indian luger Shiva Keshavan pulled off one of the more unreal recoveries you'll ever see on a luge track during Olympic training on Friday.

On one of the final turns Keshavan slipped off his sled, falling onto his stomach and gliding down the track in an ugly scene. But somehow he managed to get a hold of his sled, flip himself onto it, and continue with his run as if nothing happened.

He was traveling at about 57 miles per hour when this happened, according to the broadcast.

Incredible. He's on his stomach and then magically flips onto the sled without breaking stride:

luge fall

SEE ALSO: The Gold Medal Favorites In Every Single Olympic Event

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