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21 Nov 02:57

[ASAP] Negative Capacitance and Inverted Hysteresis: Matching Features in Perovskite Solar Cells

by Agustin O. Alvarez, Ramón Arcas, Clara A. Aranda, Loengrid Bethencourt, Elena Mas-Marzá, Michael Saliba, and Francisco Fabregat-Santiago

TOC Graphic

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02331
14 Oct 13:51

[ASAP] Atomic-Scale Model and Electronic Structure of Cu2O/CH3NH3PbI3 Interfaces in Perovskite Solar Cells

by Jesús E. Castellanos-Águila, Lucas Lodeiro, Eduardo Menéndez-Proupin, Ana L. Montero-Alejo, Pablo Palacios, José C. Conesa, and Perla Wahnón

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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11187
14 Oct 13:51

[ASAP] Interface Modification of a Perovskite/Hole Transport Layer with Tetraphenyldibenzoperiflanthene for Highly Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

by Shiqi Li, Yukun Wu, Chenxi Zhang, Yifan Liu, Qinjun Sun, Yanxia Cui, Shengzhong Frank Liu, and Yuying Hao

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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12544
14 Oct 13:51

[ASAP] Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Diacrylate as the Passivation Layer for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

by Wenzhan Xu, Tao Zhu, Haodong Wu, Lei Liu, and Xiong Gong

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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c11468
14 Oct 13:50

[ASAP] Work-Function-Tunable Electron Transport Layer of Molecule-Capped Metal Oxide for a High-Efficiency and Stable p–i–n Perovskite Solar Cell

by Pei-Huan Lee, Ting-Tzu Wu, Kuo-Yu Tian, Chia-Feng Li, Cheng-Hung Hou, Jing-Jong Shyue, Chun-Fu Lu, Yu-Ching Huang, and Wei-Fang Su

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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c10717
30 Sep 01:43

Improved charge extraction through interface engineering for 10.12% efficiency and stable CsPbBr3 perovskite solar cells

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0TA08675D, Paper
Jingwei Zhu, Mixue Tang, Benlin He, Wenyu Zhang, Xueke Li, Zekun Gong, Haiyan Chen, Yanyan Duan, Qunwei Tang
By improving the charge extraction and reducing charge recombination as well as energy loss, interface engineering helps the CsPbBr3 PSC to achieve the best PCE as high as 10.12% and excellent long-term stability.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
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30 Sep 01:43

Novel cathode interfacial layer using creatine for enhancing the photovoltaic properties of perovskite solar cells

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D0TA08239B, Paper
Guan-Woo Kim, Yelim Choi, Hyuntae Choi, Jihyun Min, Taiho Park, Seulki Song
Eatable creatine is applied as an interfacial modification layer on the SnO2 layer to improve the efficiency of perovskite solar cells.
To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.
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29 Sep 14:02

A hole-transport material that also passivates perovskite surface defects for solar cells with improved efficiency and stability

Energy Environ. Sci., 2020, 13,4334-4343
DOI: 10.1039/D0EE01655A, Paper
By Xiaoming Zhao, Chao Yao, Kaichen Gu, Tianran Liu, Yu Xia, Yueh-Lin Loo
Incorporation of a hole-transport material that also passivates surface defects results in perovskite solar cells with superior efficiency and stability.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
29 Sep 14:01

An in situ cross-linked 1D/3D perovskite heterostructure improves the stability of hybrid perovskite solar cells for over 3000 h operation

Energy Environ. Sci., 2020, 13,4344-4352
DOI: 10.1039/D0EE01736A, Paper
Ning Yang, Cheng Zhu, Yihua Chen, Huachao Zai, Chenyue Wang, Xi Wang, Hao Wang, Sai Ma, Ziyan Gao, Xueyun Wang, Jiawang Hong, Yang Bai, Huanping Zhou, Bin-Bin Cui, Qi Chen
An in situ cross-linked 1D/3D perovskite heterostructure achieved a perovskite solar cell with a 21.19% PCE and operational stability over 3000 hours.
The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
29 Sep 13:58

Organic Ligands Armored ZnO Enhances Efficiency and Stability of CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells

by Pang Wang, Hui Wang, Yuchao Mao, Huijun Zhang, Fanghao Ye, Dan Liu, Tao Wang
Organic Ligands Armored ZnO Enhances Efficiency and Stability of CsPbI2Br Perovskite Solar Cells

An inorganic CsPbI2Br perovskite solar cell employing organic ligands armored ZnO as the electron transport materials achieves a maximum power conversion efficiency of 16.84%, with superior photo‐ and thermal‐ stabilities.


Abstract

Inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have witnessed great progress in recent years due to their superior thermal stability. As a representative, CsPbI2Br is attracting considerable attention as it can balance the high efficiency of CsPbI3 and the stability of CsPbBr3. However, most research employs doped charge transport materials or applies bilayer transport layers to obtain decent performance, which vastly complicates the fabrication process and scarcely satisfies the commercial production requirement. In this work, all‐layer‐doping‐free inorganic CsPbI2Br PSCs using organic ligands armored ZnO as the electron transport materials achieve an encouraging performance of 16.84%, which is one of the highest efficiencies among published works. Meanwhile, both the ZnO‐based CsPbI2Br film and device show superior photostability under continuous white light‐emitting diode illumination and improved thermal stability under 85 °C. The remarkable enhanced performance arises from the favorable organic ligands (acetate ions) residue in the ZnO film, which not only can conduce to maintain high crystallinity of perovskite, but also passivate traps at the interface through cesium/acetate interactions, thus suppressing the photo‐ and thermal‐ induced perovskite degradation.

29 Sep 13:54

B‐Site Co‐Alloying with Germanium Improves the Efficiency and Stability of All‐Inorganic Tin‐Based Perovskite Nanocrystal Solar Cells

by Maning Liu, Hannu Pasanen, Harri Ali‐Löytty, Arto Hiltunen, Kimmo Lahtonen, Syeda Qudsia, Jan‐Henrik Smått, Mika Valden, Nikolai V. Tkachenko, Paola Vivo
B‐Site Co‐Alloying with Germanium Improves the Efficiency and Stability of All‐Inorganic Tin‐Based Perovskite Nanocrystal Solar Cells

CsSn0.6Ge0.4I3 nanocrystals have been synthesized for the first time by a B‐site co‐alloying strategy. The introduction of Ge effectively decreases the high density of intrinsic Sn defects, resulting in an extended excitonic lifetime and enhanced solar cell performance. The stability of the new nanocrystals also improves owing to the effective protection of Sn2+ against oxidation.


Abstract

Colloidal lead‐free perovskite nanocrystals have recently received extensive attention because of their facile synthesis, the outstanding size‐tunable optoelectronic properties, and less or no toxicity in their commercial applications. Tin (Sn) has so far led to the most efficient lead‐free solar cells, yet showing highly unstable characteristics in ambient conditions. Here, we propose the synthesis of all‐inorganic mixture Sn‐Ge perovskite nanocrystals, demonstrating the role of Ge2+ in stabilizing Sn2+ cation while enhancing the optical and photophysical properties. The partial replacement of Sn atoms by Ge atoms in the nanostructures effectively fills the high density of Sn vacancies, reducing the surface traps and leading to a longer excitonic lifetime and increased photoluminescence quantum yield. The resultant Sn‐Ge nanocrystals‐based devices show the highest efficiency of 4.9 %, enhanced by nearly 60 % compared to that of pure Sn nanocrystals‐based devices.

29 Sep 13:49

Molecular Ferroelectrics‐Driven High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

by Xiao‐Li Xu, Ling‐Bo Xiao, Jie Zhao, Bing‐Kun Pan, Jun Li, Wei‐Qiang Liao, Ren‐Gen Xiong, Gui‐Fu Zou
Molecular Ferroelectrics‐Driven High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

A homochiral molecular ferroelectric was incorporated into a perovskite film to enlarge the built‐in electric field of the perovskite solar cell, thereby facilitating charge separation and transportation for improved device performance. In their Research Article (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.20200849410.1002/anie.202008494), J. Zhao, W.‐Q. Liao, G.‐F. Zou, and co‐workers show that the molecular ferroelectric component of the perovskite solar cell passivates the defects in the perovskite active layers, reducing nonradiative recombination.


29 Sep 13:46

A 22.3% Efficient p‐Type Back Junction Solar Cell with an Al‐Printed Front‐Side Grid and a Passivating n+‐Type Polysilicon on Oxide Contact at the Rear Side

by Byungsul Min, Nadine Wehmeier, Till Brendemuehl, Agnes Merkle, Felix Haase, Yevgeniya Larionova, Lasse David, Henning Schulte-Huxel, Robby Peibst, Rolf Brendel
A 22.3% Efficient p‐Type Back Junction Solar Cell with an Al‐Printed Front‐Side Grid and a Passivating n+‐Type Polysilicon on Oxide Contact at the Rear Side

The polysilicon on oxide back junction approach for integrating passivating contacts in p‐type silicon solar cells is presented with 22.3% efficiency on full area of M2‐size wafers, fabricated with industrial equipment. This concept is especially attractive for current cell manufacturers since only few pieces of equipment need to be added to current passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) production lines.


The fabrication of a silicon solar cell on 6 in. pseudo‐square p‐type Czochralski grown silicon wafers featuring poly‐Si‐based passivating contacts for electrons at the cell rear side and screen‐printed aluminum fingers at the front side is demonstrated. The undiffused front surface is passivated with an Al2O3/SiN x stack, and the rear surface is covered with a thin oxide/n+‐poly‐Si/Al2O3/SiN x layer system, contacted by screen‐printed silver fingers. A loss analysis shows that the recombination losses at the metal contacts on both cell sides dominate the total energy losses. A voltage of 700 mV as the highest open‐circuit voltage from a batch of seven cells is achieved, and the best cell efficiency is 22.3%, independently confirmed.

29 Sep 13:45

Triphenylamine–Polystyrene Blends for Perovskite Solar Cells with Simultaneous Energy Loss Suppression and Stability Improvement

by Junhui Ran, Pan Yuan, HaiPeng Xie, Fang Wan, Yifu Chen, Yongbo Yuan, Mai He, Jia Li, Xiao Wang, Anlian Pan, Yongli Gao, Bin Yang
Triphenylamine–Polystyrene Blends for Perovskite Solar Cells with Simultaneous Energy Loss Suppression and Stability Improvement

An interfacial layer of triphenylamine–polystyrene blend is used between the perovskite layer and charge‐transporting layer to concurrently suppress energy loss and improve device stability. The energy loss is reduced from 0.49 to 0.35 eV, along with a large open‐circuit voltage of 1.18 V and a high power conversion efficiency of 22.1% in air‐stable perovskite solar cells.


Energy loss induced by nonradiative recombinations plays a critical role in determining power conversion efficiencies in perovskite solar cells, whereas device stability impacts their long‐time reliability in the ambient environment. It is an important challenge to suppress energy loss and improve device stability simultaneously. Herein, an interfacial layer of triphenylamine (TPA):polystyrene (PS) blend coated on the hybrid perovskite layer to concurrently suppress energy loss and improve device stability is reported. The energy loss is suppressed from 0.49 to 0.35 eV by passivating surface defects in hybrid perovskites via Lewis acid–base interactions with the combination of electron‐donating aromatic nucleus in PS and tertiary amine in TPA, leading to perovskite solar cells with a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.18 V, a fill factor of about 80%, and a power conversion efficiency of 22.1%. Meanwhile, the device stability in the ambient environment is improved significantly by the TPA:PS blend due to its superior hydrophobicity which is suggested by its high contact angle of 91.1° as compared to 64.0° for the pristine perovskite film. Herein, an efficient interfacial engineering approach with the TPA:PS blend to suppress energy loss and improve device stability simultaneously towards realistic applications is demonstrated.

29 Sep 13:44

Additive Engineering Toward High‐Performance CsPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells

by Yi Gou, Huicong Liu, Weiping Li, Liqun Zhu, Haining Chen
Additive Engineering Toward High‐Performance CsPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells

Inorganic CsPbI3 perovskite is the most competitive candidate to hybrid perovskites. However, its poor phase stability, hydrophobicity and high‐density defects have limited the development of CsPbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To overcome these obstacles for achieving high‐performance CsPbI3 PSCs, additive engineering has been widely employed. Herein, the progress of additive engineering in CsPbI3 PSCs is systematically reviewed.


All‐inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted a lot of attention in the past few years because of their preeminent thermal stability compared with organic–inorganic hybrid PSCs. Among all kinds of all‐inorganic perovskites, CsPbI3 perovskite with a proper bandgap of ≈1.7 eV becomes the most competitive candidate. However, its poor phase stability, hydrophobicity, and high‐density defects have limited the development of CsPbI3 PSCs. To overcome these obstacles for achieving high‐performance CsPbI3 PSCs, additive engineering has been widely used, which has rapidly promoted the power conversion efficiency (PCE) to over 19%. Herein, the progress of additive engineering in CsPbI3 PSCs is systematically reviewed. First, the roles of additives in CsPbI3 PSCs are introduced, including improving phase stability, increasing moisture resistance, and passivating defects. Then, the additive engineering is categorized (additive engineering in perovskites and at perovskite/hole transport layer interfaces) and reviewed in detail. Finally, future research directions on additive engineering are suggested for further enhancing stability and improving PCE.

29 Sep 13:44

Interstitial Engineering toward Stable Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

by Jin Hyuck Heo, Jong-Goo Park, Sang Hyuk Im, Ki-Ha Hong
Interstitial Engineering toward Stable Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells

The roles of small alkali metals on the stability of Sn perovskites are investigated by theoretical calculations and controlled experiments. K+ incorporation can enhance the Sn‐based perovskites by reducing structural instability and unintentional hole doping.


Sn‐based halide perovskites are the most promising alternatives for developing Pb‐free perovskite solar cell materials. However, the stability of Sn halide perovskites is the biggest concern for future developments. The phase stability and the doping‐level control should be resolved for Sn perovskites to compete with Pb‐based analogs. Herein, interstitial engineering is used to enhance the stability of Sn‐based halide perovskites using alkali metals through ab initio calculations and controlled experiments. This study reveals that alkali metal interstitials can promote the performance of Sn perovskites by controlling their phase stability, suppressing free carrier density, and locking lattice vibration. K+ shows the most promising behavior among alkali–metal cations in terms of phase stabilization and defect formation energy.

29 Sep 13:44

Interface Modification Enabled by Atomic Layer Deposited Ultra‐Thin Titanium Oxide for High‐Efficiency and Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells

by Leiping Duan, Borong Sang, Mingrui He, Yu Zhang, Md Anower Hossain, Md Habibur Rahaman, Qingya Wei, Yingping Zou, Ashraf Uddin, Bram Hoex
Interface Modification Enabled by Atomic Layer Deposited Ultra‐Thin Titanium Oxide for High‐Efficiency and Semitransparent Organic Solar Cells

The use of the atomic layer deposition (ALD) ultrathin TiO x to modify the interface layer in both opaque and semitransparent organic solar cells is reported. The modification effectively passivates the interface, reduces the series resistance, and improves the charge transport, which leads to increased power conversion efficiency (PCE) with enhanced stability in the device.


Organic solar cells (OSCs) are considered to have reached a second golden age with profoundly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE) and device stability in recent years. The modification of the interface layer plays a significant role in achieving performance enhancement in OSCs. Herein, the use of the atomic layer deposition (ALD) ultrathin TiO x to modify the interface layer in OSCs is reported. The modification with only two TiO x ALD cycles not only effectively passivates the interface between the ZnO electron transport layer (ETL) and the active layer, but also reduces the series resistance and improves the charge transport process in the device. An absolute 1% increase in PCE with enhanced device stability for modified OSCs is achieved. Semitransparent OSCs are also fabricated by applying this interface modification strategy. The modification with two TiO x ALD cycles increases the electrical device performance without affecting the optical properties of the semitransparent device. An average PCE of 10.46% with an average visible transmittance (AVT) of 19.61% and a color rendering index (CRI) close to 100 is demonstrated for the fabricated semitransparent device with the modification. The ALD‐assisted interface modification provides a straightforward way to realize high‐performance semitransparent OSCs.

29 Sep 13:42

Tailoring the Grain Boundaries of Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells by Molecular Engineering

by Khalid Emshadi, Nabin Ghimire, Ashim Gurung, Behzad Bahrami, Rajesh Pathak, Raja Sekhar Bobba, Buddhi Sagar Lamsal, Sheikh Ifatur Rahman, Ashraful Haider Chowdhury, Ke Chen, Md Ashiqur Rahman Laskar, Wenqin Luo, Hytham Elbohy, Quinn Qiao
Tailoring the Grain Boundaries of Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells by Molecular Engineering

Herein, a one‐step solution‐processing of [MA0.9Cs0.1Pb(I0.6Br0.4)3] wide‐bandgap perovskite using phenylhydrazine iodide with amino groups to successfully passivate the trap density within grain boundaries and increase the perovskite grain size is demonstrated. The reinforced morphology and grain boundaries treatment considerably enhance the power conversion efficiency from 12.16% for pristine to 14.63% for the treated devices.


Due to the attraction of fabricating highly efficient tandem solar cells, wide‐bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted substantial interest in recent years. However, polycrystalline perovskite thin‐films show the existence of trap states at grain boundaries which diminish the optoelectronic properties of the perovskite and thus remains a challenge. Here, a one‐step solution‐processing of [ MA0.9Cs0.1Pb(I0.6Br0.4)3] wide‐bandgap perovskite using phenylhydrazine iodide with amino groups is demonstrated to successfully passivate the trap density within grain boundaries and increase the perovskite grain size. The reinforced morphology and grain boundaries treatment considerably enhanced the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 12.16% for pristine to 14.63% for the treated devices. This strategy can be easily adopted to other perovskites and help realize highly efficient perovskite solar cells.

29 Sep 13:18

High‐Efficiency Solution‐Processed Two‐Terminal Hybrid Tandem Solar Cells Using Spectrally Matched Inorganic and Organic Photoactive Materials

by Havid Aqoma, Imil Fadli Imran, Febrian Tri Adhi Wibowo, Narra Vamsi Krishna, Wooseop Lee, Ashis K. Sarker, Du Yeol Ryu, Sung‐Yeon Jang
High‐Efficiency Solution‐Processed Two‐Terminal Hybrid Tandem Solar Cells Using Spectrally Matched Inorganic and Organic Photoactive Materials

High‐efficiency solution‐processed hybrid tandem photovoltaic devices, employing inorganic perovskite and organic bulk‐heterojunction as the photoactive layers, are demonstrated. A PCE of 18.04% in the hybrid tandem device is achieved, which is significantly higher than the comparable single‐junction devices, owing to a near‐optimal absorption spectral match.


Abstract

Although the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of inorganic perovskite‐based solar cells (PSCs) is considerably less than that of organic‐inorganic hybrid PSCs due to their wider bandgap, inorganic perovskites are great candidates for the front cell in tandem devices. Herein, the low‐temperature solution‐processed two‐terminal hybrid tandem solar cell devices based on spectrally matched inorganic perovskite and organic bulk heterojunction (BHJ) are demonstrated. By matching optical properties of front and back cells using CsPbI2Br and PTB7‐Th:IEICO‐4F BHJ as the active materials, a remarkably enhanced stabilized PCE (18.04%) in the hybrid tandem device as compared to that of the single‐junction device (9.20% for CsPbI2Br and 10.45% for PTB7‐Th:IEICO‐4F) is achieved. Notably, the PCE of the hybrid tandem device is thus far the highest PCE among the reported tandem devices based on perovskite and organic material. Moreover, the long‐term stability of inorganic perovskite devices under humid conditions is improved in the hybrid tandem device due to the hydrophobicity of the PTB7‐Th:IEICO‐4F back cell. In addition, the potential promise of this type of hybrid tandem device is calculated, where a PCE of as much as ≈28% is possible by improving the external quantum efficiency and reducing energy loss in the sub‐cells.

29 Sep 13:18

Efficient and Stable Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells with a Green‐Solvent Hole‐Transport Layer

by Hong Il Kim, Junwoo Lee, Min‐Jae Choi, Seung Un Ryu, Kyoungwon Choi, Seungjin Lee, Sjoerd Hoogland, F. Pelayo García Arquer, Edward H. Sargent, Taiho Park
Efficient and Stable Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells with a Green‐Solvent Hole‐Transport Layer

A novel BDT‐based random polymeric hole‐transporting layer (asy‐ranPBTBDT) is developed with irregularity from asymmetric substitution and random copolymerization. The resulting low crystallinity from the irregularity leads to superior solubility capacity and suppressed charge recombination and morphological changes. Therefore, the colloidal quantum dot solar cells using asy‐ranPBTBDT‐based device show highly efficient power conversion efficiency of 13.2% with superior operational stability.


Abstract

Next‐generation solution‐processed solar cells will hopefully be processed using green solvents, and will unite high performance with operating stability. Colloidal quantum dot/polymer hybrid solar cells are of interest for their harvest of the visible as well as the near infrared; however, today's best polymer hole‐transporting layers (HTLs) rely on processing using hazardous solvents such as chlorobenzene. This stems from the strong polymer–polymer attraction in polymeric p‐type materials, which accounts for their limited solubility. Here, a new random polymeric HTL (asy‐ranPBTBDT) is reported that is soluble in green solvents such as 2‐methylanisole without compromising ultimate device power conversion efficiency. The new polymer structure induces a strong π–π stacking face‐on orientation and less lateral grain growth compared to control asy‐PBTBDT, leading to reduced charge recombination and improved device stability. The resulting device exhibits a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.2% and retains 89% of its initial efficiency after 120 h of continuous device operation at the maximum power point, compared to a PCE of 11.4% and 71% degradation for control devices.

29 Sep 13:18

Two Birds with One Stone: High Efficiency and Low Synthetic Cost for Benzotriazole‐Based Polymer Solar Cells by a Simple Chemical Approach

by Xiaonan Xue, Bing Zheng, Yu Zhang, Ming Zhang, Donghui Wei, Feng Liu, Meixiu Wan, Juan Liu, Guangming Chen, Lijun Huo
Two Birds with One Stone: High Efficiency and Low Synthetic Cost for Benzotriazole‐Based Polymer Solar Cells by a Simple Chemical Approach

To generate cost‐efficient and high‐performanced polymers, a simple chemical steric effect (SE) is introduced to benzothiophene (BDT)‐based side chains. The polymeric crystallinity and miscibility are rebalanced and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 14.53% is achieved. Thus, the SE applied in crystalline polymer pave an easier and cheaper route to realize the coordination of low‐cost fabrication and high‐performance.


Abstract

Low synthetic cost and high performance are becoming a new challenge in designing polymer donors for large‐scaled polymer solar cells (PSCs) fabrication; however, complicated synthetic routes and high material costs hamper the widespread commercial application of OPVs. Here, a simple and low‐cost chemical steric effect (SE) is introduced to BDT‐based side chains. Through adjusting alkyl side chains, the polymeric crystallinity and miscibility are rebalanced and subsequently the photovoltaic device based on the meta‐positioned alkyl polymer outperforms its para‐positioned counterpart. The champion device based on the polymer with the meta‐positioned side chains affords a PCE of 14.53% without sacrificing its high fill factor of 0.77, which could be attributed to a more balanced charge‐carrier transport ability and optimized morphology. This is the highest PCE value reported in BTZ based polymer donors to date. Thus, it shows that the SE applied in high crystalline polymer could pave an easier and cheaper chemical route to realize the coordination of low‐cost fabrication and high‐performance.

29 Sep 13:17

Perovskite Solar Cells: Barrier Designs in Perovskite Solar Cells for Long‐Term Stability (Adv. Energy Mater. 35/2020)

by Shasha Zhang, Zonghao Liu, Wenjun Zhang, Zhaoyi Jiang, Weitao Chen, Rui Chen, Yuqian Huang, Zhichun Yang, Yiqiang Zhang, Liyuan Han, Wei Chen
Perovskite Solar Cells: Barrier Designs in Perovskite Solar Cells for Long‐Term Stability (Adv. Energy Mater. 35/2020)

In article number https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.2020016102001610, Zonghao Liu, Liyuan Han, Wei Chen and co‐workers, review the stability improvement strategy of perovskite solar cells from the view point of barrier designs. The barriers can address adverse issues like product volatilization, ion diffusion, electrode corrosion, and fight off the harmful influence of external stresses including sunlight, heat, H2O/O2, electric bias, etc.


29 Sep 13:16

Molecular Engineering of Organic Spacer Cations for Efficient and Stable Formamidinium Perovskite Solar Cell

by Sungwon Song, Seok Joo Yang, Wookjin Choi, Hansol Lee, Woong Sung, Chaneui Park, Kilwon Cho
Molecular Engineering of Organic Spacer Cations for Efficient and Stable Formamidinium Perovskite Solar Cell

A coherent interface of PMA2PbI4 and FAPbI3 induces epitaxial growth of α‐FAPbI3. Facilitated formation of α‐FAPbI3 at low temperature results in minimal structural disorder and enhanced charge‐carrier transport properties. A perovskite solar cell based on PMA2PbI4 and Cs0.02FA0.98PbI3 exhibits an efficiency of 21.25% and stabilized efficiency of 19.95%.


Abstract

Low dimensional (LD) perovskite materials generally exhibit superior chemical stability against ambient moisture and thermal stress than that of 3D perovskites. Recently, LD perovskite has been used as a passivation layer on the surface of 3D perovskite grains. Although various LD perovskites have been developed focusing on their hydrophobicity, the impact of crystal structure of LD perovskite on the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cell (PSC) is still uncertain. In this work, the effects of the structural characteristics of LD perovskites on the crystal formation of formamidinium lead triiodide (α‐FAPbI3) and on the optoelectrical properties of PSCs are elucidated. The phase‐transformation kinetics of FAPbI3 mixed with LD perovskites is studied using the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov model. It is found that the arrangement of PbI6 octahedra in the LD perovskite changes the rate of α‐FAPbI3 formation. Facilitated nucleation of α‐FAPbI3 at the LD/FAPbI3 interface results in minimal structural disorder and prolonged charge‐carrier lifetimes. As a result, the PSC with the optimized LD perovskite structure exhibits a power conversion efficiency of 21.25% from a reverse current–voltage scan, and stabilized efficiency of 19.95% with excellent ambient stability without being encapsulated.

29 Sep 13:15

Fully Solution Processed Pure α‐Phase Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells for Scalable Production in Ambient Condition

by Fu Yang, Lirong Dong, Dongju Jang, Kai Cheong Tam, Kaicheng Zhang, Ning Li, Fei Guo, Cong Li, Charline Arrive, Mélanie Bertrand, Christoph J. Brabec, Hans‐Joachim Egelhaaf
Fully Solution Processed Pure α‐Phase Formamidinium Lead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells for Scalable Production in Ambient Condition

Stable and pure α‐FAPbI3 phase is successfully obtained by a printed method in the ambient atmosphere. The scalable and fully printed perovskite solar cell with a carbon top electrode provides a stable PCE of 16.4%, which is the highest performance of full printed FAPbI3 PSCs reported to date.


Abstract

Manufacturing commercially viable perovskite solar cells still requires appropriate low‐temperature and scalable deposition processes to be developed. While α‐phase FAPbI3 has higher thermal stability and broader absorption than MAPbI3, there still is no report of a pure α‐phase FAPbI3 perovskite film obtained by a scalable printing method. Moreover, spontaneous conversion of the α‐phase to non‐perovskite δ‐phase under ambient conditions poses a serious challenge for practical applications. Herein, a scalable and fully solution based printing method for the fabrication of pure α‐phase FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells is reported. Through adding N‐methyl pyrrolidone and methylammonium chloride to the dimethylformamide based precursor solution to control the crystallization, and vacuum or air‐flow assisted film drying, pure α‐FAPbI3 phase is obtained by doctor blading. The resulting α‐FAPbI3 film is highly stable, with no δ‐FAPbI3 phase being formed even after keeping it in an ambient atmosphere over a period of 200 days without encapsulation. In addition, a fully solution processed PSC with a PCE of 16.1% is processed by the vacuum assisted method, and 17.8% by the air‐flow assisted method. Replacing silver with a printed carbon electrode provides a stable PCE up to 15% for the vacuum assisted and 16.4% for the air‐flow assisted method, which is the highest performance of FAPbI3 solar cells to date. Compared with MAPbI3, the fully printed FAPbI3 perovskite devices exhibit a remarkable thermal stability in humid atmospheres which makes them a promising candidate for scalable production and commercialization.

29 Sep 13:06

Importance of Optimal Crystallinity and Hole Mobility of BDT‐Based Polymer Donor for Simultaneous Enhancements of Voc, Jsc, and FF in Efficient Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells

by Jin Su Park, Geon‐U Kim, Dongchan Lee, Seungjin Lee, Biwu Ma, Shinuk Cho, Bumjoon J. Kim
Importance of Optimal Crystallinity and Hole Mobility of BDT‐Based Polymer Donor for Simultaneous Enhancements of Voc, Jsc, and FF in Efficient Nonfullerene Organic Solar Cells

Three benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b']dithiophene‐thienothiophene π‐bridged N‐octylthieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6‐dione‐based polymer donors named as PBDT‐X (X=H, F, Cl) are developed. While a planar accepting unit helps improve the crystallinity, all three photovoltaic parameters are simultaneously increased with the introduction of halogen atoms. PBDT‐Cl:Y6‐based devices yield an efficiency of 15.63%, attributed to the enhanced crystallinity, hole mobility, and domain purity.


Abstract

In this work, a new series of polymer donors consisting of thienothiophene π‐bridged N‐octylthieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6‐dione (8ttTPD) and benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b']dithiophene (BDT) units for producing highly efficient organic solar cells (OSCs) paired with a Y6 acceptor is developed. The incorporation of the highly planar 8ttTPD unit enhances crystalline properties as well as hole mobilities of the BDT‐based polymers that typically have amorphous features. Further, the 2D side chains with halogen atoms (fluorine and chlorine) are designed as another handle to control the crystallinity and energy levels of the BDT‐based polymer donors: PBDT‐X (X = H, F, or Cl). Synergistic effects of incorporated 8ttTPD unit and the halogenated 2D side chain generate significantly enhanced charge transport and recombination properties of the OSCs, which is mainly attributed to optimized crystallinity and hole mobility of the polymer donors. Therefore, the PBDT‐Cl:Y6‐based OSCs exhibit the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 15.63% with simultaneous improvements of open‐circuit voltage, short‐circuit current density, and fill factor, which outperforms the PCEs of PBDT‐H:Y6 (11.84%) and PBDT‐F:Y6 (14.86%).

29 Sep 13:02

Interfacial Structure and Composition Managements for High‐Performance Methylammonium‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells

by Shunde Li, Zhou Liu, Zhi Qiao, Xiao Wang, Lei Cheng, Yufeng Zhai, Qiaofei Xu, Zhimin Li, Ke Meng, Gang Chen
Interfacial Structure and Composition Managements for High‐Performance Methylammonium‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells

In this contribution, the photovoltaic performance of methylammonium‐free perovskite solar cells is enhanced by constructing interfacial capping layers with a pair of alkylammonium halides. The structure and composition of the interfacial layers are comprehensively investigated and their correlation with the device performance is described in terms of defect passivation efficacy, energy level alignment, and hydrophobicity for moisture resistance.


Abstract

The methylammonium (MA)‐free perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have drawn broad attention due to their excellent thermostability. However, the efficiency of these devices is inferior to most state‐of‐the‐art PSCs. Herein, the photovoltaic performance of the MA‐free PSCs is enhanced by constructing interfacial capping layers with a pair of alkylammonium halides, n‐propylammonium (PA) iodide and propane‐1,3‐diammonium (PDA) iodide. The structure and composition of the interfacial layers are comprehensively investigated and their correlation with the device performance is presented in terms of defect passivation efficacy, energy level alignment, and hydrophobicity for moisture resistance. The PSC devices based on the PAI and PDAI2 treated MA‐free perovskite films demonstrate better power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and stabilities than the reference devices without the interfacial layers. Although the PAI‐treated devices exhibit the highest PCE of 21.1%, the PDAI2‐treated PSCs demonstrate the exceptional thermal and humidity stabilities.

29 Sep 12:48

A Narrow‐Bandgap n‐Type Polymer with an Acceptor–Acceptor Backbone Enabling Efficient All‐Polymer Solar Cells

by Huiliang Sun, Han Yu, Yongqiang Shi, Jianwei Yu, Zhongxiang Peng, Xianhe Zhang, Bin Liu, Junwei Wang, Ranbir Singh, Jaewon Lee, Yongchun Li, Zixiang Wei, Qiaogan Liao, Zhipeng Kan, Long Ye, He Yan, Feng Gao, Xugang Guo
A Narrow‐Bandgap n‐Type Polymer with an Acceptor–Acceptor Backbone Enabling Efficient All‐Polymer Solar Cells

A narrow‐bandgap polymer acceptor L14 with an acceptor–acceptor (A–A) backbone is synthesized, showing lower‐lying frontier molecular orbitals, higher electron mobility, and larger absorption coefficient without sacrificing photovoltage compared to its donor–acceptor (D–A) analog polymer, L11. When applied in all‐polymer solar cells, L14 yields an outstanding efficiency of 14.3%.


Abstract

Narrow‐bandgap polymer semiconductors are essential for advancing the development of organic solar cells. Here, a new narrow‐bandgap polymer acceptor L14, featuring an acceptor–acceptor (A–A) type backbone, is synthesized by copolymerizing a dibrominated fused‐ring electron acceptor (FREA) with distannylated bithiophene imide. Combining the advantages of both the FREA and the A–A polymer, L14 not only shows a narrow bandgap and high absorption coefficient, but also low‐lying frontier molecular orbital (FMO) levels. Such FMO levels yield improved electron transfer character, but unexpectedly, without sacrificing open‐circuit voltage (V oc), which is attributed to a small nonradiative recombination loss (E loss,nr) of 0.22 eV. Benefiting from the improved photocurrent along with the high fill factor and V oc, an excellent efficiency of 14.3% is achieved, which is among the highest values for all‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs). The results demonstrate the superiority of narrow‐bandgap A–A type polymers for improving all‐PSC performance and pave a way toward developing high‐performance polymer acceptors for all‐PSCs.

29 Sep 12:40

Multifunctional Polymer‐Regulated SnO2 Nanocrystals Enhance Interface Contact for Efficient and Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

by Shuai You, Haipeng Zeng, Zhiliang Ku, Xiaoze Wang, Zhen Wang, Yaoguang Rong, Yang Zhao, Xin Zheng, Long Luo, Lin Li, Shujing Zhang, Min Li, Xingyu Gao, Xiong Li
Multifunctional Polymer‐Regulated SnO2 Nanocrystals Enhance Interface Contact for Efficient and Stable Planar Perovskite Solar Cells

A biological polymer is employed to regulate the arrangement of SnO2 nanocrystals on a substrate and induce vertical crystal growth of a perovskite layer on top. The enhanced interface contact between the electron transport layer and the perovskite layer significantly contributes to the improvement of efficiency and stability of derived planar perovskite solar cells.


Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have rapidly developed and achieved power conversion efficiencies of over 20% with diverse technical routes. Particularly, planar‐structured PSCs can be fabricated with low‐temperature (≤150 °C) solution‐based processes, which is energy efficient and compatible with flexible substrates. Here, the efficiency and stability of planar PSCs are enhanced by improving the interface contact between the SnO2 electron‐transport layer (ETL) and the perovskite layer. A biological polymer (heparin potassium, HP) is introduced to regulate the arrangement of SnO2 nanocrystals, and induce vertically aligned crystal growth of perovskites on top. Correspondingly, SnO2–HP‐based devices can demonstrate an average efficiency of 23.03% on rigid substrates with enhanced open‐circuit voltage (V OC) of 1.162 V and high reproducibility. Attributed to the strengthened interface binding, the devices obtain high operational stability, retaining 97% of their initial performance (power conversion efficiency, PCE > 22%) after 1000 h operation at their maximum power point under 1 sun illumination. Besides, the HP‐modified SnO2 ETL exhibits promising potential for application in flexible and large‐area devices.

29 Sep 12:40

A Narrow‐Bandgap n‐Type Polymer with an Acceptor–Acceptor Backbone Enabling Efficient All‐Polymer Solar Cells

by Huiliang Sun, Han Yu, Yongqiang Shi, Jianwei Yu, Zhongxiang Peng, Xianhe Zhang, Bin Liu, Junwei Wang, Ranbir Singh, Jaewon Lee, Yongchun Li, Zixiang Wei, Qiaogan Liao, Zhipeng Kan, Long Ye, He Yan, Feng Gao, Xugang Guo
A Narrow‐Bandgap n‐Type Polymer with an Acceptor–Acceptor Backbone Enabling Efficient All‐Polymer Solar Cells

A narrow‐bandgap polymer acceptor L14 with an acceptor–acceptor (A–A) backbone is synthesized, showing lower‐lying frontier molecular orbitals, higher electron mobility, and larger absorption coefficient without sacrificing photovoltage compared to its donor–acceptor (D–A) analog polymer, L11. When applied in all‐polymer solar cells, L14 yields an outstanding efficiency of 14.3%.


Abstract

Narrow‐bandgap polymer semiconductors are essential for advancing the development of organic solar cells. Here, a new narrow‐bandgap polymer acceptor L14, featuring an acceptor–acceptor (A–A) type backbone, is synthesized by copolymerizing a dibrominated fused‐ring electron acceptor (FREA) with distannylated bithiophene imide. Combining the advantages of both the FREA and the A–A polymer, L14 not only shows a narrow bandgap and high absorption coefficient, but also low‐lying frontier molecular orbital (FMO) levels. Such FMO levels yield improved electron transfer character, but unexpectedly, without sacrificing open‐circuit voltage (V oc), which is attributed to a small nonradiative recombination loss (E loss,nr) of 0.22 eV. Benefiting from the improved photocurrent along with the high fill factor and V oc, an excellent efficiency of 14.3% is achieved, which is among the highest values for all‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs). The results demonstrate the superiority of narrow‐bandgap A–A type polymers for improving all‐PSC performance and pave a way toward developing high‐performance polymer acceptors for all‐PSCs.

29 Sep 12:38

[ASAP] Outstanding Passivation Effect by a Mixed-Salt Interlayer with Internal Interactions in Perovskite Solar Cells

by Bowen Yang, Jiajia Suo, Edoardo Mosconi, Damiano Ricciarelli, Wolfgang Tress, Filippo De Angelis, Hui-Seon Kim, and Anders Hagfeldt

TOC Graphic

ACS Energy Letters
DOI: 10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01664